Articole
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://rses.ince.md/handle/123456789/10
Browse
18 results
Search Results
Item Analysis of labour migration profile in the Republic of Moldova(Performantica, 2022) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaThe present article reflects the results of the research on the causes contributing to labour migration flows both at national and regional level, as given issue is relevant for the Republic of Moldova as a donor country of labour force. The economic and social infrastructure are modified through structural reforms, the promotion of market mechanisms, the decline and ageing of population, that affected the development of the regions, including local labour markets, and reduced the opportunities for economically active population to be involved in labour market. Factors such as low wages, the risk of unemployment and poverty intensified of migration processes in search of work abroad. In this context, research was carried out on factors determining the labour migration and their impact on local labour markets. The research was carried out on the basis of official statistics on labour market and labour migration, as well as departmental data in given field. As a result of the research, the principal findings on specifics of development the migration flows in the regional aspect, their impact on the development of national and local labour markets, the challenges of migration on public policies were highlighted and elaborated some proposals on increasing the employment rate with taking into account to reducing social tension and decreasing the flow of working age population as labour migrants abroad, stabilizing the national and local labour market. This article was elaborated within the framework the Scientific Project ―Migration, Demographic Changes and Policies of Stabilization the Situation‖, registeredin theStateRegisterofprojectsin the fieldofscienceand innovationofthe Republicof Moldovawith thecode 20.80009.0807.21 of the State Program (2020-2023).Item Методологический подход к оценке финансовой устойчивости пенсионной системы в Республике Молдова(INCE, 2022) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaIn this article, an assessment of the changes in the balance between revenues and expenditures of the social insurance budget was carry out on the basis the analysis of the consequences of demographic ageing as an irreversible factor of change in the age structure of labour market, as well as transformational changes in the pension system. In order to assess the financial stability of the social insurance budget for the coming period, mechanism for assessing the expenditures of pension provision proposed by the authors was used. There is examined the issue of financial consequences of the reduction in the number of employees. Based on the results of research the proposals for improving socio-economic policies were developed, taking into account the use of modern innovative methods, approaches and forecast calculations to mitigate the impact of demographic factors. The article was elaborated within the State Program Project (2020-2023) 20.80009.0807.21 „Migration, demographic changes, and situation stabilisation policies”.Item Analysis of correlation between employment and the income of the working age population in the Republic of Moldova(Performantica, 2020) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaThis article presents the results of an analysis of the influence of social factors on the employment level of working age population in the Republic of Moldova. Possible threats to the competitiveness of labour market depending on social factors are identified. One of the determining factors of a social nature is the cost of labour force (the price of labour force), which is expressed in the form of wages on labour market. At present, in the Republic of Moldova, wages have lost its economic, social, reproductive, stimulating and regulatory functions and, ultimately, do not reflect the real cost of labour force. The remuneration of labour of hiring workers in the budgetary and real sectors of economy is formed on the basis of two main legislative acts. In the budget sector, the value of minimum wage is the basis for the formation of wages established in the country and the increase in its amount is connected with additional financial resources in the budget, which is not always possible and practically the tariff scale remain unchanged on during of several years, that is, the budget sector is characterized by inertia and stability of the formation process of remuneration of labour. In the real sector of economy, the amount of wages are more mobile, revised annually depending on growth of prices and the productivity of public labour. As a consequence, the difference between the remuneration of labour of the real and budget sectors constitute over 11%. As wages are one of the main sources of income compared with other possibilities of receiving it by various categories of population, the evaluation of its receipt is performed depending on professional status, as well as the analysis of the standard of living based on a comparison of incomes with some existing social standards. As a result of research of the income level of various categories of population, it was concluded that wages do not stimulate employment, especially for young specialists, but, on the contrary, contribute to polarization, stratification of society, social inequality, and low level of wages are one of the most acute problems in the Republic of Moldova, which is in the top of the countries with the lowest remuneration of labour in the region. Low amount of wages are one of the factors of the lack of qualified personnel in labour market, especially in sphere of the provision of services, in the production sector and construction, which affects the quality of the work done and services which determines the decrease in demand and public opinion on them, as well as one of the reasons for the outflow of labour force outside the country in search of a work place (labour migration). As a result of the implementation of ineffective social policies, in particular in the field of remuneration of labour, the phenomenon of poverty takes place in the Republic of Moldova as the consequence of the inequality in the remuneration of labour of working age population in accordance with the real cost of labour force, part of the employed labour force is included in the category of social risks of being poor in labour market. The low level of remuneration of labour is also one of the motives for labour migration, the research of which was performed on the basis of the comparative analysis of statistical data on the number of the resident population and the population with usual residence, which made it possible to obtain a more real situation on labour market, taking into account the absence of more than a year of population. Summing up the research of labour market challenges to ongoing social policies, proposals to improve their effectiveness were elaborated, including in the field of improving forms and systems of remuneration of labour and further liberalization of labour relations, taking into account the experience of the EU countries, the necessity for a deeper research of the correlation between the two aspects of “employment - poverty”, including evaluation the impact and remove of factors that are determine in the existence of the phenomenon of “poverty” of the working age population and the justification of social policies to overcome given situation.Item Долгосрочный прогноз предложения рабочей силы в Республике Молдова(INCE, 2018) Zaharov, SvetlanaThe results of forecasting the supply of labour until 2035 have been presented in article. The forecast is based on a demographic forecast based on the number of people who exclude migrants who have been absent in the country for more than 12 months. The forecast showed an active decrease in the size of labour force, a “contraction” of labour market will have an impact on labour market functioning. The reduction in the size of labour force will be accompanied by a change in the age structure of labour force, an increase in the number of older age groups in labour market. It is necessary to address the issue of improving the competitiveness of these age groups in labour market and their protection in case of transition to the status of unemployed.Item Влияние уровня образования занятого населения на динамику ВВП(INCE, 2017) Zaharov, SvetlanaThe results of the study of the relationship between labour market and economic growth in the Republic of Moldova based on the assessment of the relationship between the employed population dynamics and the GDP change have been presented in article. The main factors influencing GDP both in the current and in the long term are determined. The multifactorial regression model is constructed that allows to estimate the quantitative effect of changes in the employed population structure according of education level on the GDP value in the process of research.Item Основные тенденции изменения численности возрастной структуры занятого населения(Foxtrot, 2016) Zaharov, SvetlanaThe socio-demographic structure of employed population was considered in this article. The study was conducted according to data of Labour Force Survey of NationalBureau of Statistics. As a result of the realized analysis the following conclusions have been obtained: increase in the number of working-age population with a decrease of employed population has led to an increase in the number of inactive population, changes in sociodemographic structure the employed population conditioned the reducing the inflow of young people into the labour market, reducing the employment rate in rural, increase in the number of employed people in the age group 55-64 years (as one of the factors increasing the total employed population in 2013-2015.). As a recommendation in conditions of ageing populations and changes in the age structure of labour force in favor of older age groups, it was suggested: improvement of employment policy at the expense of promotion flexible forms of employment, improvement of skills, implementationof new competences.Item Влияние конъюнктуры рынка труда на экономическую безопасность Республики Молдова(Foxtrot, 2021) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaPiața muncii este unul dintre principalii factori ai securitații economice. Scopul studiului consta in analiza particularitațile piețelor muncii regionale pe baza unei evaluari a schimbarilor conjuncturii, a impactului acestora asupra securitații economice și a echilibrului pieței naționale a muncii. Diagnosticul modificarilor in principalii indicatori statistici și a celor calculați (secundari) ai pieței muncii in dinamica s-a efectuat pe baza metodelor de analiza și sinteza, grafice, de calcule proprii de catre autorii unor indicatori specifici. Pe baza rezultatelor obținute s-au elaborat concluzii cu privire la dezvoltarea piețelor regionale de munca, prezența amenințarilor la adresa securitații economice, precum și masuri pentru imbunatațirea acestei situații in Republica Moldova.Item Рынок труда в Республике Молдова в условиях пандемии COVID-19(INCE, 2020) Zaharov, SvetlanaВ статье представлены результаты оценки ситуации на рынке труда Республики Молдова в условиях распространения пандемии COVID-19. Экономические последствия пандемии ведут к замедлению глобальной экономической активности, ухудшению экономической ситуации, ведущей к рецессии экономики, угрозе ликвидации огромного числа рабочих мест, снижению покупательской способности населения, что определяет актуальность и важность темы тезисов. Оценка ситуации на рынке труда в условиях пандемии выполнена на основе анализа Специального исследования Национального Бюро Статистики РМ, в том числе указано на неравномерность влияния кризиса, рассмотрены виды экономической деятельности, оказавшиеся в группе риска, а также анализ занятого населения, прервавшего свою трудовую деятельность. Для сравнения мер адаптивного характера дано сравнению с США, Кенией.Item Features of modern labour market in the Republic of Moldova(2015) Zaharov, SvetlanaThe main aim of this article is to consider the problems of development of the labour market in the Republic of Moldova. Labour market analysis, carried out by zones and districts of the republic, enables to evaluate the processes of change in the labour market in the temporal and territorial aspects. There are the description of RM’s districts ranging in the frameworks of evaluation of the republic – labour market on the basis of Territorial Integral Index of Demographic Security (TIIDS). Using this mechanism, the calculation of Territorial Integral Index of Demographic Security (TIIDS) on the basis of statistical data allows to evaluate the situation on the labour market of each district, to compare it with other districts and to make recommendations for the practical work of local public authorities to eliminate of deformities on the labour market.Item Cовременные тенденции развития рынка труда Xынчештского района(INCE, 2015) Zaharov, SvetlanaIn articolul prezent se analizeaza rezultatele implementarii politicilor de creștere a ocuparii forței de munca - masuri prevazute in Strategia de dezvoltare socioeconomica a raionului Hincești pentru anii 2013-2020. Se examineaza dinamica indicatorilor principali cu privire la dezvoltarea piеței forței de munca, factorii ce afecteaza piața muncii locala.