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Institutional Repository of National Institute for Economic Research
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Item type:Item, Risks of financial exclusion among the elderly: empirical evidence from the Republic of Moldova(2025) Ungur, Cristina; Pahomii, IrinaCombating extreme poverty and promoting financial inclusion are essential priorities for sustainable development, especially in emerging economies. The Republic of Moldova faces high levels of poverty, particularly among the elderly population, which requires targeted measures to reduce financial vulnerability. This study investigates the degree of financial inclusion of older people in the Republic of Moldova, identifying barriers that limit access to financial services and assessing the influence of socio demographic factors through a logistic regression model. The results highlight that education level and income are the most important determinants of financial inclusion. Based on the empirical findings, the research proposes recommendations for the development of a national financial inclusion strategy, the development of financial products adapted to the needs of seniors, and the promotion of financial and digital literacy. The study contributes to the literature on financial exclusion and provides practical directions for inclusive public policies in the demographic and economic context of the Republic of Moldova.Item type:Item, The impact of financial innovations on the world economy(SEP ASEM, 2024) Pisaniuc, MaiaItem type:Item, Older people and financial inclusion in the Republic of Moldova: an exploratory perspective(PRO Universitaria, 2025) Pahomii, Irina; Ungur, CristinaIn the context of demographic ageing and ongoing economic transformations in the Republic of Moldova, financial inclusion of the elderly is becoming a priority for social cohesion policies and for reducing economic vulnerabilities. Equitable access to financial services is considered essential for active economic participation and protection against financial shocks. Despite the acknowledged importance of financial inclusion, the population segment aged over 60 remains poorly integrated into the financial system due to barriers such as low income, lack of financial literacy, digital obstacles, and distrust in banking institutions. This phenomenon generates additional social and economic risks. This study aims to assess the current level of financial inclusion among the elderly in the Republic of Moldova, identify the key factors contributing to exclusion, and formulate recommendations for improving access to formal financial services. The research is based on a survey conducted among a sample of 215 individuals over the age of 60, from both urban and rural areas. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression to evaluate the relationship between socio-economic variables and the level of financial inclusion. The findings reveal a low level of access to and use of financial services among older adults, mainly due to limited income, lack of trust in the banking system, and unawareness of existing financial products. Financial inclusion in this demographic group is limited: only 20% of respondents have savings or have taken out loans, less than 4% hold investments or private insurance, and 62% own bank cards. However, there is notable openness to using digital services, provided adequate educational support is available. Reducing financial exclusion among the elderly requires a coordinated intervention from public authorities, financial institutions, and civil society. Recommended measures include the development of products tailored to unstable income, targeted financial literacy programs, and the expansion of digital access in formats that are senior-friendly.Item type:Item, Artificial intelligence and its economic challenges in EU countries: implication for the Republic of Moldova(2025) Pisaniuc, MaiaThis article aims to determine the future influence of AI on the Moldovan economy. The relevance of this research topic derives from the European Commission's decision to launch the European AI Strategy as early as 2018, with fundamental objectives related to the adoption of AI throughout the economy, in both the public and private sectors. The strategy also aims to prepare society for the transformations brought about by AI, and to oversee the functioning of an appropriate ethical and legal framework that responds to the EU's vision regarding technological values. Global projections also estimate that, by 2030, around 70% of businesses will use at least one artificial intelligence technology, such as computer vision, natural language processing, virtual assistants, automation/robotics and machine learning. It is estimated that this technology will generate an additional annual increase in global GDP of around 1.2%, with disruptive effects on countries, businesses and the labour market. This makes the topic of this research a global issue of high timelines. The research method is a comparative approach to the benefits of AI and the risks it may generate. Synthesis and inference, as well as scenario building based on factual data and a pragmatic approach that respects realism and the possibility of anticipating disruptive actions. The research will quantify the impact of AI on the structure of the Moldovan economy and the new business models it will generate, as well as the problems that may arise in connection with it. The research will also identify how the labour market of the Republic of Moldova will change in the context of EU integration and assess the current preparedness for the implementation of EU strategies in the field of AI.Item type:Item, Economic singularity: the effect of innovation, or unpredictable reality(2025) Pisaniuc, MaiaLately, multiple publications, strategies, policies at EU level as well as at global level are focused on the need to innovate the economy based on cutting-edge technologies and disruptive innovations. These innovations are gaining ground as they are being implemented by most large companies, as well as used at the level of states, governments in multiple aspects. The main purpose of this publication being to present the term economic singularity as an unpredictable effect that disruptive innovations can generate. The research aims to predict the situation, in the case of the spread of disruptive technologies on the economy of countries and the effects it may cause. To see the situation of the possible emergence of this uncontrolled point called economic singularity.