RSES - NIER

Institutional Repository of National Institute for Economic Research

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    Moldovan labour market issues in context of demographic changes
    (Performantica, 2021) Zaharov, Svetlana
    This article is the result of a macroeconomic analysis of labour market in the Republic of Moldova. The article examines demographic factors, such as population decline and demographic ageing, that can impact to the change in macro indicators of labour market in prospective. The author's Forecast of labour force supply for the period up to 2035, including three scenarios, showed that the supply of economically active population will decline and losses can be significant. The reduction in amount of labour force, the -contraction‖ of labour market will have an impact on the functioning of labour market. By 2035, the labour force will decrease not only quantitatively, but its qualitative characteristics will change. The labor force structure will be characterized by a disproportionate reduction in number of workers under the age of 40. Age groups from 40 to 54 years will dominate the labour market. Accordingly, the average age of labour force will rise. The increase in the number of older age groups in labour market will lead to question of increasing the competitiveness of these age groups in labour market. Model of demand for labour force, elaborated by author, is based on the use of the production method of calculating GDP based on the system of national accounts. On the basis of this model, the Forecast of labour demand for the period up to 2035 was elaborated. The ratio of forecasts the supply and demand for labour showed the deficit of labour force in labour market by 2035. The economic growth will require the involvement of additional number of workers in next decades. Analysis of the reserves for maintaining the balance of supply and demand of labour force, market stability in the perspective period has shown that the inactive population cannot compensate for the need for additional workers. The main reserve for maintaining the balance between demand and supply of labour force in conditions of the decline and ageing population is the increase in labour productivity. Sectors of economy with low labour productivity can serve as the obstacle to the growth of total labour productivity and economic growth. The growth of labour productivity is possible only on the basis of the increasing in the educational level and improvement in the quality of labour force. Consequently, the supply and demand for labour force were calculated in the perspective, the reserves for maintaining stability in labour market in conditions of demographic changes were determined and argued. The results of research can be used in the elaboration and evaluation of state employment programs, in the practical activities of the structures responsible for labour market. Given paper has been developed within the framework of the Scientific Project for the period 2020- 2023, registered in the State Register of projects in the field of science and innovation of the Republic of Moldova with the code 20.80009.0807.21 Proiect Program de Stat - Migrația, schimbări demografice și politici de stabilizare a situației‖ / Project State Program - Migration, demographic change and stabilization policies‖.
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    Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the Republic of Moldova: implications for SMEs
    (Performantica, 2021) Vinogradova, Natalia
    The COVID-19 pandemic, which the entire world faced in 2020, has seriously affected all areas of society, including the economy. In the Republic of Moldova, the consequences of the suspension of economic activity during the state of emergency (from May 15 to September 30, 2020 with subsequent repeated extensions), as well as subsequent measures, negatively affected the performance of enterprises in most sectors, tens of thousands of citizens lost their jobs. In these conditions, the small and medium-sized (SME) sector is the most vulnerable. The paper provides a brief analysis of the main components of the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the Republic of Moldova, taking into account the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent actions of the state in order to slow the spread of the epidemic. In addition, a survey of entrepreneurs carried out within the project - Multidimensional assessment and development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem at national and regional level in order to boost the SME sector in the Republic of Moldova‖ (code 20.80009.0807.38) made it possible to assess the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the SME sector in the Republic of Moldova.
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    Coronavirus pandemic shock: labour market in the Republic of Moldova
    (Performantica, 2021) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, Svetlana
    Given article presents the results of the evaluation of the labour market situation of the Republic of Moldova under the conditions of the COVID - 19 pandemic. The actuality of the topic is explained by the necessity to estimate the consequences of restrictive measures in the field of economic activity of employers (juridical persons) related to the pandemic. The authors identified the main problems of labour market during the pandemic, analyzed the level of economically active and employed population, including the evaluation of social risks (unemployment) of employed population on labour market by types of economic activity and by forms of property. The analysis of the main indicators of labour market in the Republic of Moldova is performed in comparison for the pre-crisis period 2018-2019 and in the pandemic conditions of 2020. The analysis was based on statistical data from the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova, including the Special study - The impact of the covid-19 pandemic on labour market situation‖, as well as measures to support the labour market and economy during the pandemic adopted by the Moldovan Government. Based on the results obtained, conclusions and proposals were formulated to improve policies in the field of economic activity, balance between monetary and fiscal policies, strengthening social protection of working age population in order to mitigate the consequences of the pandemic crisis on labour market. The article was elaborated within the framework the project of the State Program (2020-2023) 20.80009.0807.21 Migration, Demographic Changes and Policies of Stabilization the Situation.
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    The sustainability of social entrepreneurship using circular economy principles
    (Performantica, 2021) Stratan, Dumitru
    This article is realized within the State Program 20.80009.0807.22: Development the mechanisms for creation the circular economy in Republic of Moldova. The general objective of this article is to analyze the perspectives for developing social entrepreneurship in Moldova and find what useful insights could bring its development in the Moldovan ecosystem through social economy and circular economy boosting. One of the main hypothes is is that optimal model of social entrepreneurship can rather take place in the conditions in which companies attribute their principles to the circular economy and SMEs policies combine necessary attributes that change economic and social stereotypes of entrepreneurs. The purpose of the article is tounderline the understanding of social entrepreneurship perspective in Moldova through circular economy in order to configure a clear model of functioning in Moldovan realities.
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    Toxic waste management process in the Republic of Moldova
    (Performantica, 2021) Popa, Viorica
    The problem of toxic waste management is very acute in the Republic of Moldova and is getting worse in recent years. The amount of waste we generate is closely linked to our consumption and production patterns. But demographic changes, such as the increase in the number of single-person households, also affect the amount of waste we generate. In the context of these realities, a major risk problem for the health of the environment and the population is generated by toxic waste, stored in industrial landfills, of former enterprises. The most important challenge facing the authorities is to minimize the impact of hazardous waste on the population and the environment. In the study, the author aimed to analyze the process of hazardous waste management, to identify the most important problems and risks for the health of the population of the Republic of Moldova. This study was developed within the State Program 20.80009.0807.22 Development of the mechanism of formation of the circular economy in the Republic of Moldova.