RSES - NIER

Institutional Repository of National Institute for Economic Research

Welcome to the platform of the open repository in the field of economic and social research of the National Institute of Economic Research from Republic of Moldova.

The repository is a digital archive and offers users open access to publications with full text for scientific, educational and methodological purposes. The materials placed in the collections are allowed to be used exclusively non-profit, with the compulsory indication of the author of the work and hyperlinks at this archive.

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    The quality of democracy perceived by the population of Romania in march 2023
    (INCE, ASEM, 2025) Stefanescu, Maria Livia
    This paper aims to assess the degree of democratization perceived by the population of Romania with the intention of consolidating the current democracy. A total of 1013 people from Romania responded to the questions Q of a common European questionnaire in March 2023. We list some of the aspects addressed: knowledge of some essential features of democracy regarding the expression of opinions, ways of conducting debates, appreciation of the quality of information; citizens' satisfaction with the existing democracy in Romania; serious threats to democracy in Romania; characteristics in the conduct of free and fair elections as well as important aspects regarding the electoral campaign; perception of actions of disinformation of citizens; a hierarchy of media types according to the disinformation or fake news operations carried out; ways to effectively manage online platforms in order to reduce disinformation and information manipulation; analyzing the quality of information received from online platforms; the population's perception of the efficiency for entities dedicated to defending democracy. The X variables that define nuanced responses of the interviewed persons are, as a rule, of the ordinal categorical type. In such a situation, we proposed the TREND(X) indicator with the intention of evaluating the intensity of the positive trend for the variable X.
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    Quality of habitation and perception of urban space. Case study: Târgu Jiu city, Romania
    (INCE, ASEM, 2025) Nimara, Ciprian; Guta, Anca Jarmila
    This study aims to highlight the city's existing local problems. We conducted an analysis of life quality in the municipality of Târgu Jiu, presenting the perception of the people surveyed regarding the image of the city and living, the quality of public services, the quality and protection of the environment, as well as the number and quality of cultural, sports and leisure events. With specific interpretations and conclusions, the paper is based on documentation from field observations and interpretation of data obtained from various authorized institutions.
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    Carbon capture and storage technologies: sustainability and jobs
    (INCE, ASEM, 2025) Isachi, Silvia Elena
    In this paper, we aim to analyze the long-term sustainability implications of large-scale deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies and the potential for job creation. The main objective is to highlight the role of CCS in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in hard-to-decarbonize industrial sectors, such as cement, steel, and chemical, without compromising economic competitiveness. The methodology adopted is based on an integrated approach, combining the analysis of the environmental and economic benefits of CCS with the identification of technical, financial, and social challenges. At the same time, the paper highlights the impact on the labour market, focusing on sectors with job creation potential and on professional retraining opportunities in regions affected by the energy transition. The results suggest that CCS technologies can significantly contribute to reducing the carbon footprint and diversifying energy sources while generating new jobs in areas such as engineering, construction, and infrastructure operations. However, the implementation of these technologies faces obstacles related to costs, social acceptability, and the need for a clear legislative framework. The conclusions emphasize the importance of integrating CCS into coherent public policies and the need for collaboration between authorities, industry, and academia to ensure sustainable development.
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    Evaluation of the European Union countries' system of indicators for measuring income inequality and poverty level among the population
    (INCE, ASEM, 2025) Colesnicova, Tatiana
    This research analyzes the European Union countries’ system of indicators used to measure income inequality and poverty level among the population. Income disparities within the EU are significant, however, the disparities are stark between member states. The Gini coefficient for income inequality stood at 29.6% in 2023, indicating moderate inequality. For example, Bulgaria and Lithuania have the highest levels of inequality, with Gini coefficients that exceed 35%, while for Slovakia, Slovenia, Belgium, and Czechia the levels are much lower, with coefficients below 25%. A substantial portion of the EU population is at risk of poverty or social exclusion. In 2023, approximately 21.4% of EU citizens, or nearly 95 million individuals, faced this risk. This figure includes those below the poverty threshold, those experiencing severe material deprivation, and those in low work-intensity households. Romania, Bulgaria, and Greece exhibit particularly high percentages of individuals at risk, especially in rural areas where there are limited job opportunities and services. In general, the system of indicators for measuring income inequality includes many different indicators, the most important of which are: the Gini coefficient (the most common indicator), the Lorenz curve (a graphical illustration of income distribution), the decile coefficient (the ratio of the income of the richest 10% to the poorest 10%), and indicators reflecting the share of certain population groups in total income. European Union countries use the Gini coefficient as the main indicator for measuring income inequality, which reflects the degree of income stratification in society. At the EU level, the ratio of the incomes of the richest 20% to the poorest 20% (S80/S20) is also used to assess the level of inequality. Comparing the Gini coefficient of the Republic of Moldova with that of neighboring countries reveals certain differences in the level of income inequality. Eastern European countries such as Romania and Ukraine also face inequality issues, but the dynamics of changes in the coefficient in these countries may differ. These differences reflect the overall socioeconomic status of the countries and the effectiveness of their social and economic policies. Analysis of neighboring countries allows Moldova to assess its achievements and shortcomings in the context of regional development.
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    Prospects for sustainable development of rural areas through synergy between agricultural entrepreneurship and tourism
    (INCE, ASEM, 2025) Shepeleva, Olga; Bohdanov, Oleksandr; Piechka, Serhii; Litvinov, Dmytro
    Despite the challenges posed by the war, the national agricultural sector remains one of the key drivers of the Ukrainian economy and a factor in the stability of the national economic system. The combination of agricultural entrepreneurship and tourism creates a synergistic effect-agricultural enterprises can offer tourists unique food and wine products, ecotourism routes, and agricultural education programs, which increases the competitiveness of the regions. Thus, the development of agriculture in conjunction with tourism can ensure sustainable growth in rural areas, improve the quality of life of the local population, and strengthen Ukraine's socio-economic integration into the global space. In Ukraine, the role of the creative economy, particularly tourism and craft production, is growing as important factors in the recovery and development of communities in wartime. Experience with interregional cooperation has shown that combining natural resources, cultural heritage, and entrepreneurial initiatives contributes to the creation of competitive products and creates additional employment opportunities for the population.