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Item Analysis of labour migration profile in the Republic of Moldova(Performantica, 2022) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaThe present article reflects the results of the research on the causes contributing to labour migration flows both at national and regional level, as given issue is relevant for the Republic of Moldova as a donor country of labour force. The economic and social infrastructure are modified through structural reforms, the promotion of market mechanisms, the decline and ageing of population, that affected the development of the regions, including local labour markets, and reduced the opportunities for economically active population to be involved in labour market. Factors such as low wages, the risk of unemployment and poverty intensified of migration processes in search of work abroad. In this context, research was carried out on factors determining the labour migration and their impact on local labour markets. The research was carried out on the basis of official statistics on labour market and labour migration, as well as departmental data in given field. As a result of the research, the principal findings on specifics of development the migration flows in the regional aspect, their impact on the development of national and local labour markets, the challenges of migration on public policies were highlighted and elaborated some proposals on increasing the employment rate with taking into account to reducing social tension and decreasing the flow of working age population as labour migrants abroad, stabilizing the national and local labour market. This article was elaborated within the framework the Scientific Project ―Migration, Demographic Changes and Policies of Stabilization the Situation‖, registeredin theStateRegisterofprojectsin the fieldofscienceand innovationofthe Republicof Moldovawith thecode 20.80009.0807.21 of the State Program (2020-2023).Item Методологический подход к оценке финансовой устойчивости пенсионной системы в Республике Молдова(INCE, 2022) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaIn this article, an assessment of the changes in the balance between revenues and expenditures of the social insurance budget was carry out on the basis the analysis of the consequences of demographic ageing as an irreversible factor of change in the age structure of labour market, as well as transformational changes in the pension system. In order to assess the financial stability of the social insurance budget for the coming period, mechanism for assessing the expenditures of pension provision proposed by the authors was used. There is examined the issue of financial consequences of the reduction in the number of employees. Based on the results of research the proposals for improving socio-economic policies were developed, taking into account the use of modern innovative methods, approaches and forecast calculations to mitigate the impact of demographic factors. The article was elaborated within the State Program Project (2020-2023) 20.80009.0807.21 „Migration, demographic changes, and situation stabilisation policies”.Item Analysis of correlation between employment and the income of the working age population in the Republic of Moldova(Performantica, 2020) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaThis article presents the results of an analysis of the influence of social factors on the employment level of working age population in the Republic of Moldova. Possible threats to the competitiveness of labour market depending on social factors are identified. One of the determining factors of a social nature is the cost of labour force (the price of labour force), which is expressed in the form of wages on labour market. At present, in the Republic of Moldova, wages have lost its economic, social, reproductive, stimulating and regulatory functions and, ultimately, do not reflect the real cost of labour force. The remuneration of labour of hiring workers in the budgetary and real sectors of economy is formed on the basis of two main legislative acts. In the budget sector, the value of minimum wage is the basis for the formation of wages established in the country and the increase in its amount is connected with additional financial resources in the budget, which is not always possible and practically the tariff scale remain unchanged on during of several years, that is, the budget sector is characterized by inertia and stability of the formation process of remuneration of labour. In the real sector of economy, the amount of wages are more mobile, revised annually depending on growth of prices and the productivity of public labour. As a consequence, the difference between the remuneration of labour of the real and budget sectors constitute over 11%. As wages are one of the main sources of income compared with other possibilities of receiving it by various categories of population, the evaluation of its receipt is performed depending on professional status, as well as the analysis of the standard of living based on a comparison of incomes with some existing social standards. As a result of research of the income level of various categories of population, it was concluded that wages do not stimulate employment, especially for young specialists, but, on the contrary, contribute to polarization, stratification of society, social inequality, and low level of wages are one of the most acute problems in the Republic of Moldova, which is in the top of the countries with the lowest remuneration of labour in the region. Low amount of wages are one of the factors of the lack of qualified personnel in labour market, especially in sphere of the provision of services, in the production sector and construction, which affects the quality of the work done and services which determines the decrease in demand and public opinion on them, as well as one of the reasons for the outflow of labour force outside the country in search of a work place (labour migration). As a result of the implementation of ineffective social policies, in particular in the field of remuneration of labour, the phenomenon of poverty takes place in the Republic of Moldova as the consequence of the inequality in the remuneration of labour of working age population in accordance with the real cost of labour force, part of the employed labour force is included in the category of social risks of being poor in labour market. The low level of remuneration of labour is also one of the motives for labour migration, the research of which was performed on the basis of the comparative analysis of statistical data on the number of the resident population and the population with usual residence, which made it possible to obtain a more real situation on labour market, taking into account the absence of more than a year of population. Summing up the research of labour market challenges to ongoing social policies, proposals to improve their effectiveness were elaborated, including in the field of improving forms and systems of remuneration of labour and further liberalization of labour relations, taking into account the experience of the EU countries, the necessity for a deeper research of the correlation between the two aspects of “employment - poverty”, including evaluation the impact and remove of factors that are determine in the existence of the phenomenon of “poverty” of the working age population and the justification of social policies to overcome given situation.Item Влияние конъюнктуры рынка труда на экономическую безопасность Республики Молдова(Foxtrot, 2021) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaPiața muncii este unul dintre principalii factori ai securitații economice. Scopul studiului consta in analiza particularitațile piețelor muncii regionale pe baza unei evaluari a schimbarilor conjuncturii, a impactului acestora asupra securitații economice și a echilibrului pieței naționale a muncii. Diagnosticul modificarilor in principalii indicatori statistici și a celor calculați (secundari) ai pieței muncii in dinamica s-a efectuat pe baza metodelor de analiza și sinteza, grafice, de calcule proprii de catre autorii unor indicatori specifici. Pe baza rezultatelor obținute s-au elaborat concluzii cu privire la dezvoltarea piețelor regionale de munca, prezența amenințarilor la adresa securitații economice, precum și masuri pentru imbunatațirea acestei situații in Republica Moldova.Item Анализ потенциала рабочей силы в Республике Молдова(INCE, 2015) Savelieva, GalinaÎn articolul prezent sunt analizați indicatorii principali ai forței de muncă în baza datelor din Ancheta Forței de Muncă. Se constată scăderea numărului populației salariate, ratei de ocupare a forței de muncă, șomajul latent. Nivelul scăzut al salariilor a condus la micșorarea ponderii salariului în totalul veniturilor populației, provocând diminuarea funcției stimulative și motivaționale a salariului. Funcționalitatea imperfectă a pieței muncii contribuie la refluxul migrațional al populației în vârsta aptă de muncă etc. În baza datelor analizate se propun unele recomandări de perfecționare a politicilor în domeniu.Item Regional aspect of labour market: the case of Moldova("Constantin Brancoveanu" University of Pitesti, 2019) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaThe problem of population economic activity in the Republic of Moldova is actual in the conditions of population decline, population ageing and labour migration processes. The economic activity rate of work age population decreased by 2.1 percentage points(p.p.), and the employment rate, respectively, by 2.0 p.p., while the number of employed population decreased by 43.5 thousand people. At the same time, it should be noted that the share of employed population in economically active has practically not changed and amountsto 96%, that is, the average unemployment rate for this period varied between 4-5%.However, if we analyze the involvement of work age population in the regional aspect, then there are differences in these indicators, which is associated with the possibility of being employed, the existing socio-economic infrastructure, age-sex structure of population and other factors. Therefore, the evaluation of demo-socio-economic processes impact on labour market formation has of scientific and practical importance for determining the main strategic directions of stable long-term development of the country, which determines the actuality of topic.The purpose of research is to analyze the regional characteristics of labour market in conditions of changes in age-sex structure of labour market, the motives for the presence of non-working population that is not involved in labour market for any reason, including the youth of NEET, employment in urban-rural aspect, including the tendencies in labour market changes mun. Chisinau in regional aspect (mun. Chisinau, Center, South, North).Such methods as analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, grouping, and a systematic approach will be used in the process of research. As a result of research, recommendations have been made to improve the efficiency of employment policies of work age population, which can be used by public officials, as well as students, doctoral students, and scientific researchers.Item Aplicarea mecanismelor optime la determinarea indicatorilor principali ai securității demografice în Republica Moldova(INCE, 2014) Savelieva, Galina; Vremis, MariaThis paper reflects the determination and analysis toolkit of indicators related to demographic security by using correlation and regression analysis. The main goal is to identify opportunities to improve the demographic situation of the country through the development of forecasts in the field. After the results of applying that analysis were developed recommendations on the possibility of its use in the practice of public authorities, which will serve as a basis for improving those policies by preventing possible threats and timely preparation of the required policies.Item Unele transformări ale sistemului de pensionare în contextul îmbătrinirii în Republica Moldova(2013) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaThe process of population ageing which started from 1990-years has an irreversible nature at present. Given process is a direct threat to the demography security and stable social-economic development of the country along with the reduction of population number of the country and, particularly, employed population. The growth of pensioners number and the decrease of employed population, low retirement age in the conditions of growth of population’s life expectancy and further increase of elderly population’s numbers (according to forecasts) lower a financial stability of pension system. The evaluation of impact of demography ageing to pension system including the forecast of expenditure on pensions is performed.Item Безработица в Республике Молдова: анализ основных тенденций(Complexul Editorial, INCE, 2017) Savelieva, Galina; Zaharov, SvetlanaÎn acest articol autorii au încercat să cerceteze una dintre principalele probleme socio-economice din Republica Moldova – șomajul. A fost efectuată analiza tendințelor de dezvoltare a șomajului, inclusiv sub aspectul sexului, locului de reședință, nivelului de educație şi tipurilor şomajului existent. În articol sunt analizate cauzele șomajului și metodele posibile de a evalua șomaj. Obiectivul principal al studiului este de a determina cauzele și tipurile de șomaj, care vor fi utilizate pentru a elabora propuneri de dezvoltare a unor politici socio-economice pentru a asigura ocuparea mai completă a forței de muncă. Metode utilizate: analiza, sinteza, monografii, comparația și monitorizarea. Rezultate: au fost identificate problemele existente ce vizează şomajul, elaborate concluzii și propuneri privind îmbunătăţirea situaţiei în domeniu. Articolul va fi util pentru autorităţile publice, studenţi şi cercetători care se ocupă cu ştiinţele economice, precum şi specialiştii care elaborează politicile sociale.