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Item European funds for rural development: a sustainable vision for Romania(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Prigoreanu, Ioan; Sargu, Lilia; Ignat, GabrielaThe future of rural areas requires a change of perception and a new vision, whereby these areas are seen as spaces with potential for various economic activities beyond agriculture. This new approach should also be reflected in the way the European Union funds rural areas through local and regional administrations. EU funds are particularly effective in tackling specific problems such as pollution, unsustainable agriculture, lack of essential services (such as health and education), poverty and unemployment. However, in the face of other challenges prioritized by the European Union as priorities for rural areas (e.g. ageing population, demographic decline, migration, the rise of populist movements or lack of public transport), European funding is perceived as relatively ineffective in providing solutions. Rural areas also face specific constraints in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and ecological footprint, as dispersed dwellings are often not retrofitted to make efficient use of natural resources and reduce pollution. The main objectives of the study include: identifying the research topic and funding policies in rural areas, defining the area of analysis and the capacity to identify EU policies in these areas, carrying out assessments and establishing frameworks for the analysis of EU rural policies.Item Planificarea auditului performanței, impactul etapei date de audit asupra calității gestiunii resurselor financiare publice şi a patrimoniului public. Aspecte teoretice și abordări practice(INCE, 2022) Dolghi, CristinaThe efficient management of public money ensures national security at the state level, as well the achievement of social and economic purposes to a high level. The problematic in relation of the fact that public money must be spent in conditions of economy, proficiency and effectiveness is in-depth studied in the performance audit, exceeding traditional practices to check only financial and accounting documents and the legitimacy of economic operations. Within this study, the author has ploughed quantitative and qualitative, inductive and deductive methods, along with methods of analysis and synthesis. The comparative methodology was mostly applied in research that served a good sustenance in identifying both the similarities, as well as the existing dissimilarities between national regulations, internal acts of the Court of Accounts and the Framework of Professional Pronouncements INTOSAI (International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions), fulfilled according to the Decision of the Court of Accounts no. 2 of 24 January 2020. Performance auditing as a new audit technique contributes to improving the management of public institutions and reducing the risks of public resources being used inefficiently. However, achieving these goals as priority tasks of the performance audit can be foreseen at the audit planning stage by an exhaustive and responsible study by the auditors to select those entities / programs or activities that offer the Court of Accounts the greatest opportunity to obtain an impact, as the available resources are limited. All the more auditors from the beginning to the end must ensure the basic qualities of a good performance audit.Item Эффективность использования земли как индикатор уровня хозяйствования на предприятиях сельского хозяйства(INCE, 2022) Пармакли, Дмитрии; Кураксина, СветланаIt is noted that in crop production, an important condition for ensuring high production efficiency is to obtain high yields of manufactured products, i.e. fuller use of the potential of land productivity and biological potential of plants. In addition to productivity, the efficiency of land use in the industry is also influenced by the rational use of all types of resources at enterprises. A generalizing indicator of the efficiency of land use as the main factor of production in the industry is the rate of profit yield per hectare of land. This indicator is an indicator of the level of land management. The above is confirmed by an analysis of the efficiency of land use at five agricultural enterprises in the southern zone of the country.Item Însemnări despre cercetări economice în Republica Moldova(INCE, 2022) Certan, Ion; Certan, SimionȘtiința, după cum susține Iules Henri Poincare, se face cu fapte, așa cum o casa se face cu pietre; dar o acumulare de fapte nu este o știință, așa cum o grămada de pietre nu este o casa. Deci scopul studiului este acumularea, analiza faptelor, stabilirea legăturile între ele pentru a contura adevărul cu privire la organizarea instituțională a cercetărilor științifice în economia națională. Din materialele utilizate în cercetare fac parte acte normative a României și Republicii Moldova, monografii și alte publicații specifice temei care ne-au permis să identificăm influența diverselor factori obiectului studiat. Analiza cantitativă s-a realizat în baza datelor selectate din anuarele statistice și alte surse oficiale ale instituțiilor internaționale și ale țării noastre fiind prelucrate de autori, ce ne-a furnizat semnificații și explicații pertinente a impactului celor mai semnificativi factori asupra obiectului studiat. În rezultatul acestei modeste investigații am adus clarificări privind organizarea instituțională a cercetărilor științifice în economia națională, în mod special cu privire la reformele agrare și am formulat unele propuneri ce ar aduce agricultura națională la cerințele societății contemporane. Science, as Iules Henri Poincare argues, is done with facts, just as a house is made with stones; but an accumulation of facts is not a science, just as a pile of stones is not a house. Thus the purpose of study is the accumulation, analysis of facts, establishing links between them to outline the truth about the institutional organization of scientific research in the national economy. The materials used include normative acts of Romania and the Republic of Moldova, monographs and other publications specific to the topic that allowed us to identify the influence of various factors on the object studied. The quantitative analysis was performed based on data selected from statistical and other official sources of international and national institutions, processed further by authors, which provide us with pertinent meanings and explanations on the impact of the most significant factors over the studied object. As a result of this modest investigation, we clarified the institutional organization chart of scientific research in the national economy, especially on agrarian reforms, and made some proposals that might bring national agriculture to the requirements of contemporary society. Наука, как утверждает Юль Анри Пуанкаре, делается делами, как дом сделан из камня; но накопление фактов - это не наука, так же как груда камней - не дом. Для этогo проводится накопление, анализ фактов, установление связей между ними и институциональной организации научных исследований в национальной экономике. Материалы включают нормативные акты Румынии и Республики Молдова, монографии и другие публикации, которые позволили выявить влияние различных факторов на изучаемый объект. Количественный анализ проводился на основе данных, отобранных из статистики и других официальных источников международных организаций и нашей страны, обрабатываемых авторами для объяснения воздействия наиболее значимых факторов на изучаемый объект. В результате этого мы прояснили институциональную организацию научных исследований в национальной экономике, особенно по аграрным реформам, и внесли некоторые предложения, которые приведут национальное сельское хозяйство к требованиям современного общества.Item Aspectele teoretice și metodologice ale principiilor dezvoltării sectorului de caprine din Republica Moldova în funcție de indicatorii de competitivitate(INCE, 2022) Baltag, Grigore; Baranov, ElenaIn the last 10-12 years, goat breeding has become popular in the rural areas of the Republic of Moldova. The livestock increased by about 30 thousand heads from 2010 to the beginning of 2022. In the conditions of population reduction and its aging, more and more farmers prefer goats in relation to cows or sheep. The advantages of the goat sector compared to the other sectors of the husbandry branch are superior, especially the amount of milk in relation to that of the feed consumed, the degree of prolificacy of females in relation to sheep, resistance to climatic conditions. Along with the increase in the number of animals, the number of animal farms specialized in the production of goat milk also increased, the number of farms equipped with mechanized milking systems, milk pasteurization lines, pasteurized milk bottling, combined slaughterhouses, etc. increased. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate sustainable development as one of the current requirements of the economic efficiency of livestock farms, by ensuring the complete value chain with complex and perfect inputs. The methods of observation, monograph and comparison were used in the elaboration of this work. The data presented in the respective work were accumulated from the statistical researches of the husbandry entities in the country, the official data of the National Bureau of Statistics of Moldova and from the dedicated works on this topic.Item Meditare asupra învățământului superior agricol din Republica Moldova(INCE, 2022) Certan, Ion; Certan, SimionThe declaration of independence of the Republic of Moldova (August 27, 1991) imposed the reformation and harmonization of the development of the national economy. In the Republic of Moldova, agriculture was and remains the strongest balancing factor in harmonizing the development of the national economy. Moreover, agriculture was and remains the backbone of the national economy, having a significant contribution to the formation of the country's gross domestic product. The conception of the agrarian reform and the socio-economic development of the village, adopted by the decision of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova on February 15, 1991, claims that "the main link of the agrarian reform is the reform of land relations". The main orientation of the reform of land relations was the demonopolization of state ownership of land and ... the affirmation in practice of different types of ownership in agriculture". As a result, "... the peasant household (farm type), based on real economic independence" appeared. The continuation of the agricultural reform of the Republic of Moldova was foreseen by the "Association Agreement between the Republic of Moldova, on the one hand, and the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and their Member States, on the other hand" which was signed and initialed by the authorities of the Republic of Moldova in 2013. The need to intensify reforms in the national economy, including in agriculture, is imposed by the acceptance in 2022 of the Republic of Moldova as a candidate for the European Union. It is natural to return to the human potential available for national agriculture, especially to the organization of university studies for the training of specialists in the fields of agriculture. The article reflects on the training system aimed at training and developing the knowledge, skills, professionalism and creativity of specialists for national agriculture. The authors come up with some proposals that would contribute to ensuring agriculture with specialists that would ensure increased results in this sector of the national economy.Item The contribution of the member states to the consolidation of the EU's role on the cereals market, in the context of the current geopolitical instability(INCE, 2022) Chiurciu, Irina-Adriana; Certan, Ion; Dinu, Toma-Adrian; Soare, Elena; Stoicea, PaulaIn the conditions of the current geopolitical instability, the EU is strengthening its position on the world grain market. The study captures the evolution of the cultivated areas with wheat and corn, the harvested productions obtained in the period 2015-2021, as well as the yields, through the lens of the EU member states. For the analysis, was processed data provided by the official statistics website of the EU - Eurostat, by the General Directorate of AGRI, Agriculture and Rural Development, as well as by the Romanian Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. At the level of 2021, in terms of the cultivated areas, France was ranked first in terms of wheat, with 5,277.05 thousand ha, followed by Germany - 2,939.00 thousand ha, Poland 2,390.52 thousand ha and Romania - 2,151.19 thousand ha, while for corn Romania was the leader with 2,572.56 thousand ha, followed by France - 1,547.12 thousand ha and Hungary with 1,043.11 thousand ha. In terms of harvested productions, the ranking is the following: for wheat in first place - France, with 36,607.12 thousand tons, followed by Germany - 21,459.20 thousand tons, Poland with 11,893.55 thousand tons, and Romania - 11,386.41 thousand tons, while for corn France ranked first, with 15,285.68 thousand tons, followed by Romania - 15,186.12 thousand tons and Poland - 7,321.91 thousand tons. The study will be finalized with a series of conclusions and recommendations regarding the prospects of the sector at the European level and the role of each individual member state.Item Analiza trioului investiţii-subvenţii-costuri sub aspectul dezvoltării globale a economiei regenerabilelor(INCE, 2015) Timus, Angela; Nasalciuc, IrinaMarii actori economici mondiali duc o politică din ce in ce mai agresivă care vizează cucerirea, influienţa şi subminarea teritoriilor de interes energetico-strategic, urmărind tot mai mult întărirea poziţiilor cheie care să asigure securitatea energetică naţională, securitatea informaţională, economică şi tehnologică. Securitatea energetică este esenţială dezvoltării economico-sociale, iar industria regenerabilelor pare a participa activ la soluţionarea acestei probleme de o manieră durabilă şi eficientă. Astfel, studiul dezvăluie o nouă viziune asupra interconexiunii Investiţii- Subvenţii-Costuri în contextul evolutiv al pieţei regenerabilelor la nivel mondial şi vine cu o reevaluare a acestui segment aflat în ascensiune continuă. Lucrarea are obiectivul de a contura trendurile identificate pe acest sector şi readucerea în agenda publicului larg necesitatea vitală în dezvoltarea regenerabilelor şi respectiv energiei inteligente pentru a asigura progresarea sustenabilă a economiei, conştientizarea şi asumarea de către societate şi autorităţi a responsabilităţii sociale în direcţia încurajării şi stimulării dezvoltării industriei regenerabilelor. În acest scop în demers sunt aplicate diferite metode sistemice de cercetare, inclusiv abstractizarea ştiinţifcă, deducţia, analiza şi sinteza şi analizei cantitative pentru a scoate în evidenţă situaţia actuală a regenerabilelor la nivel mondial.Item Agricultural development under a changing climate in Ukraine: trends and challenges(INCE, 2023) Prokopenko, KaterynaThe last century was characterized by noticeable climatic changes. The whole world, including Ukraine has been significantly impacted. Such changes are characterized by increased average annual temperature on the planet surface, increased level of the water in the oceans, increased number of natural disasters and cataclysms, such as desertification, landslides, hurricanes, etc. Furthermore, the climate change coincides with the period of increasing food shortages in the world. The aim of the article is to study the dependence of agricultural efficiency on the changes in agro-climatic conditions of production in the long term and the impact of these changes on the cultivation of agricultural crops and their productivity. Research methods are general scientific and special, qualitative and quantitative, theoretical and empirical, comparative analysis. Agriculture is the sector of the Ukrainian economy that is the most vulnerable to fluctuations and climate changes. Given its inertial nature and the dependence on weather conditions, it is essential to make timely and adequate decisions regarding the problems caused by climate changes. Taken the expected increase of the air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere, Ukraine's food security will largely depend on the efficient adaptation to upcoming climate changes. The consequences and risks of the climate change for the food production vary from region to region, however the negative impact of climate trends outweighs the positive one. Thus, the research of the impact of climate change on the efficiency of agro-food production is crucial for the development of policies that would help to adapt to the consequences of these changes.Item Meditare despre folosirea terenurilor destinate agriculturii în Republica Moldova(INCE, 2023) Certan, IonThe decision of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova of July 25, 1990 qualified "...the transition to the market economy as a model of economy...". The development of the economy essentially depends on agriculture, which for all countries was, is and will be the support of human existence and, therefore, constitutes the strongest balancing factor in harmonizing the development of the state. It is no coincidence that one of the first normative acts adopted on February 15, 1991 by the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova was the Concept of agrarian reform and the socio-economic development of the village. The development of agriculture is influenced by the available resources, primarily by the natural potential which, as P. Bran states [1,20], participates with the "force of its laws and its "goodnesses", substance (s), energy (e) and information (i), goods in a natural state, ``manufactured'' by the physical, chemical, and biological movement of matter''. It is no coincidence that the Concept mentions that "the main link of the agrarian reform is the reform of land relations", aimed at "the demonopolization of state ownership of land and, as a result, the recognition of land as a commodity, the affirmation in practice of different types of ownership in agriculture" In this article, the authors present a modest study on the evolution of agricultural lands and come up with some proposals aimed at using them more rationally.