International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization" = Conferinţa Internaţională Ştiinţifico-Practică „Creşterea economică în condiţiile globalizării”
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Item Ukraine's food security during the wartime period(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Zghadova, Natalia; Kravchenko, Yuliia; Dobrianska, NataliaThe article describes the importance of food security for Ukraine before the outbreak of hostilities. It reviews the situation in Ukraine at the outbreak of the conflict and its role on world food markets as one of the largest exporters of grain. The damage to agriculture due to the hostilities is assessed: destruction of infrastructure, damage to farmland, inaccessibility of land for cultivation reduction of production. Because of the problems in Ukraine there is a decrease in the export of Ukrainian agricultural products, especially as a result of the blockade of the Black Sea ports. The aim of the article is to analyze the consequences of military action on food security in Ukraine, to identify the key challenges faced by the country under the conditions of war, and to consider measures taken to ensure food stability in the domestic market and agricultural recovery in the future. The relevance of the article is that the military conflict that is ongoing in Ukraine has profound and far-reaching implications for agriculture and food security both domestically and internationally. In addition, military actions lead to a sharp increase in food prices inside Ukraine, which creates social and economic problems for the population. It is necessary to develop comprehensive measures to reduce the impact of the war on food security and create conditions for the recovery of agriculture after the end of the conflict. The role of international organizations, such as the World Food Programme, in supporting Ukraine and other countries dependent on Ukrainian grain, as well as the impact of sanctions and Russia's international isolation on the global food market, is discussed. This topic has important practical implications for action planning both at the national level and for the international community, and requires timely attention to 347 minimize economic losses and ensure food security in both war and post-conflict reconstruction. The article describes a situation where military action has caused enormous damage to Ukraine's food security, but despite the difficult conditions, the country is taking active measures to minimize the impact and restore agriculture in the future.Item Analysis and perspectives of rural tourism in the Republic of Moldova(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Colesnicova, Vlada; Daschevici, IoneliaRural tourism in the Republic of Moldova has gained momentum as a strategy to revitalize rural areas, boost the local economy, and preserve cultural heritage. The sector, with its picturesque landscapes and traditional villages, attracts both domestic and international tourists. However, it faces several challenges, including seasonality, limited infrastructure, and dependence on foreign tourists. This scientific work explores the benefits, challenges, and future perspectives of rural tourism in Moldova, emphasizing the need for sustainable development strategies.Item Gender inequalities in the global labor market: a systematic literature review(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Ciurleo, Eveny; Gallo, Alba Maria; Comite, UbaldoGender inequalities in the global labor market continue to pose a significant challenge, despite progress made in several areas. This systematic literature review examines the factors that perpetuate gender inequalities, with a particular focus on the interaction between welfare policies, labor dynamics, and women's economic participation. Through a rigorous analysis of 20 articles selected from leading academic databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, the study explores various aspects of gender inequalities, including wage inequality, occupational segregation, and limited access to career opportunities. The findings indicate that, in many countries, labor market reforms and economic policies fail to significantly improve women's working conditions, sometimes exacerbating inequalities. The COVID-19 pandemic has further accentuated these issues, highlighting the precariousness of women's work and the growing inequalities caused by neoliberal regimes. Welfare policies, although designed to promote equality, often fail to address gender needs and contribute to unequal economic distribution. The implications of this study highlight the need for policy reforms that address the deep roots of gender inequality and promote a more inclusive and inclusive workplace. We need an integrated approach that considers not only equality, but also the intervention of other areas of social and economic inequality to build a sustainable society.Item România la granița dintre echitate și inechitate socială a persoanelor cu dizabilități(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Sicrea, CosminDisability remains quite a controversial concept for modern society both through its dynamics and through the challenges of legislative, social, and economic nature. Although it has been present since ancient times in human communities, disability has undergone a series of transformations that currently require us to integrate it into a multidisciplinary context with multiple implications of both a medical and socio-economic nature. Although there is an attempt to create a universally valid approach to disability at the European level, we still witness its reduction to a purely medical indicator, ignoring elements such as: social integration, economic security for persons with disabilities or active participation in the life of the community. The current article highlights the actual challenges of disability in Romania. Methodologically, the phenomenon of disability will be approached using existing data at the national and European level in direct relation to the legislation in the field. It is known that at the European level there is a desire for progress regarding the social inclusion of persons with disabilities through specially created programs in this regard. Although, officially, Romania offer support to disabled people, according to Law 448 from 2006, social and professional inclusion is often achieved with difficulty and the only forms of support for disabled people are the social benefits and a series of tax exemptions according to the legislation in force. Currently, there are approximately 900,000 persons with disabilities in Romania, according to data from the National Authority for the Protection of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. On the long term, this will imply high costs for the Romanian state authorities.Item Transformări digitale și dezvoltarea comerțului electronic în Moldova(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Turcan, Aurelia; Gujuman, LuciaThe digital transformations of recent years have revolutionized the global economy, contributing to the emergence of a new economy - the digital economy. As a result, new directions for doing business have emerged, but existing directions have also changed dramatically. The emergence of global communication networks, and in particular the Internet, has led to a revolution in the organization and implementation of e-commerce activities. The development of e-commerce offers great opportunities for our country. The paper presents theoretical approaches to e-commerce. The article describes the advantages and disadvantages of the development of this important sector of the digital economy. The article notes the importance and challenges of e-commerce, the growing relevance of e-commerce and the level of development of e-commerce in the Moldovan economy. Digital transformation will enable the creation of a digital society in Moldova, where electronic services are accessible to all citizens. This means not only providing online services, but also ensuring a secure and inclusive digital environment where personal data is protected and cybersecurity is a priority.Item Aspecte sociale privind formarea unui ecosistem de inovare pentru dezvoltarea durabilă a satelor inteligente în Republica Moldova(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Babin, Anatolie; Tutunaru, Sergiu; Covalenco, Ion; Babina, EcaterinaEstablishing local development priorities for sustainable growth to unlock the entrepreneurial potential of rural settlements, as well as the development and adaptation of software products in smart infrastructure sectors based on technological requirements, requires interdisciplinary research and training activities based on knowledge gained from the interaction of specialists from the fields of social, humanistic, and engineering sciences. The purpose of this paper is to encourage employees of local public organizations and NGOs to initiate innovative public-private partnerships to open new opportunities in the social development of smart villages and technological applications in agricultural production associated with the Internet of Things (IoT). Leveraging the potential of the local innovation system includes entrepreneurs, universities, research centers, and "Living Labs" innovation ecosystems, represents tools for developing products, services, and physical and virtual networks based on the economic and virtual environment, as well as the social needs of households. The Digital Twin concept is analyzed as a methodology for adapting international best practices for digital innovation in human settlements. The implementation of the European Village program will contribute to reducing population outflow and will stimulate the sustainable development of rural infrastructure and the improvement of the quality of life for its residents. These issues can be addressed more efficiently by applying 251 the concept of the digital economy and smart rural areas. The Smart Village Design, coordinated with local administration, non-profit organizations, farmers, and households will enable data and knowledge sharing across administrative boundaries in a rural lab and lay the foundation for an IoT village. Digital transformation, smart education, virtual mobility, and an innovative ecosystem for sustainable development are effective levers in achieving economic growth and improving rural well-being.Item Reflectarea statistică a infracțiunilor electorale în perioada 2013-2023: Republica Moldova versus România(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Soroceanu, IgorStatistical reflection of electoral crimes is essential for understanding and improving the electoral process in a democracy. In the Republic of Moldova, the monitoring and analysis of electoral crimes in the period 2013- 2023 provides a clear picture of the integrity of the elections and the effectiveness of measures to prevent and combat electoral fraud. Also, in the Republic of Moldova, monitoring and reporting these crimes helps to improve the electoral system and prevent fraud. In this scientific endeavor we will analyze the types of electoral crimes, the ways of collecting and analyzing statistical data, and the impact of these crimes on the democratic process. Starting in 2013, the Republic of Moldova witnessed critical parliamentary and presidential elections, each of which had a considerable impact on the political direction of the country. In this context, the transparency and fairness of the electoral process were under the close scrutiny of the international community and local observers. Electoral fraud continued to be a constant concern, manifesting itself in multiple forms such as multiple voting, falsification of results and the use of fake ballots. In every election cycle, there have been reported cases of vote manipulation, both urban and rural, with these practices undermining citizens' confidence in the democratic process.Item Rolul serviciilor medicale în asigurarea echității sociale(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Causan, Corina; Radu, GhenadieIn the modern world, health problems are becoming increasingly acute and multifaceted. Population growth, increasing life expectancy, epidemics of infectious and chronic diseases and changes in people's lifestyles are permanent challenges for the improvement of existing health systems and objectives of European integration. The development of the health system envisages the diversification of health services and their homogenization in the EU Accession Strategy 2030. At the same time, the social and economic aspects of health care are becoming increasingly important, as the health of the nation directly affects social stability and economic development. From the research conducted, the authors realized that the role of health services in ensuring social equity is very important, considering that not every health system can realize complex health services, covering relatively all the population of the country. Data from the surveys conducted by the NBS show that in the Republic of Moldova there is a stable pattern of cooperation with the health services sector, practically unchanged in all socio-demographic categories, with deviations between services provided in urban and rural areas. The aim of the paper is to determine the factors, which reflect the structure and disharmony of health services provision, according to a number of socio-demographic characteristics (age, type of locality, level of education and income, region of residence) in the Republic of Moldova, and to argue ways to reduce these divergences. We recognize the fact that in the research attention was paid to older people in both urban and rural areas. In general, the authors are of the opinion, that the majority of people living in rural areas are less likely to seek medical care than those living in cities, especially the elderly population. Material and methods. Statistical data of WHO, NBS, annual reports of the Ministry of Health and CNAM, (2021-2023), Quality of Life Index by Country Numbeo Report, 2023, Quality of Life Index by Country Numbeo Report, 2023 were used in the context of the research. In analyzing the research we used the method of clustering, comparison, analysis of empirical information at the national level and concomitantly scientific literature, which allowed us to determine the social differences in the provision of health services. The subject of the research are the users of medical services in urban and rural areas. Results. In the field of public health at present, it has been proved that the health status of the population is directly dependent on the methods of medical service provision, speed, correctness of decision making and professionalism of medical professionals, early detection of serious diseases, compliance with vaccination protocols, etc. The system of public health financing plays a primordial role in the medical social equity of the population, well-being, health level and increase in life expectancy. The population's income is directly proportional to the number of services provided, both by the CNAM and co-payments.Item Persoanele cu dizabilități în cadrul alegerilor din Republica Moldova: drepturi și obligații(INCE, 2024) Soroceanu, IgorIn the context of social evolution and the ever-increasing awareness of individual rights, including those of people with disabilities, the subject of their participation in the electoral process becomes increasingly pertinent and crucial. The Republic of Moldova, like other states, faces challenges and responsibilities in ensuring the democratic and fair participation of all citizens, including those with various forms of disabilities. In this context, it is vital to explore the rights and obligations of people with disabilities in the elections of the Republic of Moldova.Item Eco-farms - a new format of tourist locations in the hospitality system(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Glushkov, Oleg; Sahdieieva, Olha; Krayz, Lilia; Shekera, SvitlanaAgrotourism is a promising direction of rural tourism development, which combines agriculture with tourism, giving tourists the opportunity to immerse themselves in authentic rural life. It contributes not only to the economic growth of rural areas, but also to the preservation of cultural and natural resources. One of the new and innovative formats of tourist locations in agritourism is eco-farms, which combine agricultural activities with the principles of sustainable development and environmental safety to create unique and in-depth experiences for travelers. In recent years, many eco-farms have appeared in Ukraine, which are aimed at the production of natural products with a high-quality standard, which limits the use of chemicals. On such farms, you can not only enjoy organic food, but also have a good rest with the whole family. Eco-farms tend to operate in an environmentally friendly manner, focusing on organic farming methods, renewable energy sources and responsible water use. This is consistent 189 with the principles of sustainable development, attracting tourists looking for ecofriendly destinations and activities. If earlier visiting eco-farms was initially limited to the purchase of already harvested agricultural products, now with the growing interest in consuming quality food, tourists are offered not only excursion programs, but also master classes on harvesting, seminars and interactive events that teach tourists about sustainable agriculture economy, wildlife conservation and ecological principles.