Articole

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://rses.ince.md/handle/123456789/1827

Browse

Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.agriculture

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 23
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Analysis and perspectives of rural tourism in the Republic of Moldova
    (INCE, ASEM, 2024) Colesnicova, Vlada; Daschevici, Ionelia
    Rural tourism in the Republic of Moldova has gained momentum as a strategy to revitalize rural areas, boost the local economy, and preserve cultural heritage. The sector, with its picturesque landscapes and traditional villages, attracts both domestic and international tourists. However, it faces several challenges, including seasonality, limited infrastructure, and dependence on foreign tourists. This scientific work explores the benefits, challenges, and future perspectives of rural tourism in Moldova, emphasizing the need for sustainable development strategies.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Impedimentele întâmpinate de fermierii din agricultura organică în accesarea subvențiilor în Republica Moldova
    (INCE, ASEM, 2024) Cosalic, Diana
    The Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union regulates the field of "organic farming" as a strategic priority for the 2022-2027 development period. Additionally, the member countries of the European Union have set a priority objective to increase the agricultural areas of organic farming up to 25% of the total cultivated agricultural land, by the year 2030. To date, the Republic of Moldova has not approved a similar objective, but identified a mechanism to stimulate the maintenance of agricultural land in the ecological circuit and increase of those areas. Starting with the year 2005, when the Government of the Republic of Moldova approved the policy for the development and stimulation of organic farming, initiated the process of identifying and monitoring farmers practicing organic farming. During the same period, the process of subsidizing agricultural land under organic farming and refunding of 20% of ecologically certified and marketed products also initiated. As the Government of the Republic of Moldova strives to identify financial resources to stimulate farmers in organic farming, producers and/or processors make considerable efforts to apply modern soil management technologies, increase productivity, generate income, and achieve profitability.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Сrop production efficiency in Ukraine under climate change conditions
    (INCE, ASEM, 2024) Prokopenko, Kateryna
    Crop production in Ukraine is a significant component of agriculture and the national economy. It holds a prominent position in world markets and impacts global food security. Plant products contribute substantially to the country's export potential, influencing the balance of payments. The impact of climate change on global agriculture is a proven fact, and despite increasing countermeasures, its effects continue to intensify. Crop production is particularly vulnerable to changes in climatic conditions. While the severity of climate change in Ukraine is less than in some other regions the country’s role in ensuring global food security places it under significant scrutiny regarding potential changes in crop production. The aim of the article is to assess potential changes in the efficiency of crop production, specifically the dynamics of yield for major agricultural crops, in response to longterm changes in agro-climatic conditions, and their impact on the production potential. Research methods include general scientific and specialized approaches, both qualitative and quantitative, theoretical (descriptive analysis) and empirical (review of official documentation and legislative acts), comparative analysis, analytical alignment of time series by the least squares method and others statistical methods. In Ukraine’s agro-climatic zones, the impact of climatic factors on productivity varies significantly. In the Steppe zone, which is increasingly becoming a zone of risky agriculture, climatic factors have had the greatest impact. In contrast, the Polissia zone has seen significant productivity increases primarily due to agrotechnical factors. Therefore, to maintain the efficiency of crop production under changing climatic conditions, it is essential to adapt the components of crop-growing agrotechnologies. This underscores the need to implement national programs of observing and studying climate change, and to leverage the best domestic practices in land use and agricultural technologies aimed at adapting to climate change and mitigating its negative consequences.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Atenuarea impactului schimbărilor climatice prin implementarea conceptului de agricultură durabilă
    (INCE, 2024) Turetchi, Viorel
    Climate changes, attested globally, also have a significant impact on the agricultural sector of the Republic of Moldova. The given action, being characterized by a series of phenomena such as large temperature variations during the spring, low level of soil moisture, increasingly frequent and long periods of drought, undermines the efficiency of the classic model of carrying out production processes in local agriculture. In the given context, it is necessary to develop a new model for the development of the respective branch, an approach that must be based on the transition from conventional to sustainable agriculture. This type of agriculture involves the sustainable development of the sector, the main goal being to increase resilience to the effects of climate change and ecological, social and economic factors. The given work, through the prism of empirical and theoretical research methods, aims to reflect the impact of these phenomena on agricultural production processes, determine the types and sustainable agricultural systems that can be adapted to the conditions of our country, define the economic effects as a result of the implementation of this type of agriculture.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Sporirea rezilienței sectorului de bovine în Republica Moldova
    (INCE, 2024) Ceban, Alexandru
    supply of meat and milk. At the same time, its importance is colossal for the processing sector of agricultural production and the provision of products to consumers. Increasing its resilience will contribute to the creation of a stable sector, with a sufficient availability of products, with economic accessibility for the local population and an increase in the quality of production. Being a sector of national importance, a fact confirmed by the latest agricultural support policies through direct payments per head of animal and per kg of product, increasing the resilience of the sector becomes imperative. The purpose of the publication is to carry out an analysis of the main indicators in the cattle sector of the Republic of Moldova and to offer a series of recommendations in order to increase its resilience. In order to achieve the purpose of the publication, a series of methods related to the researched theme were used, these being: the generalization and synthesis of publications, the method of scientific deduction, the analytical method and the SWOT analysis. The recommendations to increase resilience mainly relate to the modernization and technology of the sector, which would create a series of advantages that would contribute to the efficiency of the production process and the minimization of production costs; replacement of breeding animals, which will contribute to increasing livestock productivity; the development of the fodder plant production sector, which will represent an additional impetus in the development of the livestock sector, and the increase of areas and the diversification of production.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Dezvoltarea sectorului horticol în Republica Moldova
    (INCE, 2024) Iatisin, Tatiana
    The horticultural sector is important to the national economy registering an increase in both production volume and exports. This rate of increase in the volume of horticultural production was due to some competitive advantages, such as the geographical location, the potential and the advantage of relations with the European Union offered by the Association Agreement between the Republic of Moldova, the relatively cheap labor force, but also of the state through the implementation of the policy of subsidy. The purpose of the study is to carry out an analysis of the importance of the horticultural sector in the national economy of the Republic of Moldova, namely the analysis of opportunities for foreign trade in horticultural products, with a special focus on trade relations with the EU and the CIS. In order to achieve the purpose of the publication, a series of methods related to the researched theme were used, these being: generalization and synthesis of publications, the method of scientific deduction, the analytical method. The results of the research elucidated the current state of the horticultural sector, the trends of the national market, namely it recorded a significant increase in exports of horticultural products, especially in the European market, while exports to the CIS decreased. The Republic of Moldova presents significant competitive advantages, but also faces disadvantages. These findings emphasize the need for strategic interventions to strengthen the competitiveness of the horticultural sector, support the sustainable development of the sector.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Competitivitatea comerțului agroalimentar a Republicii Moldova: perspective globale și regionale
    (INCE, ASEM, 2024) Cimpoies, Liliana; Lucasenco, Eugenia; Cojocaru, Adrian
    The paper analyzes the competitiveness of the agri-food trade of the Republic of Moldova, considering global and regional perspectives, with a particular focus on trade relations with the European Union and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The study evaluates the performance of Moldova's agrifood sector using indicators such as the trade coverage ratio and the Lafay index to determine Moldova's comparative advantages in this sector. The research results show that the Republic of Moldova has recorded significant growth in agri-food exports, especially to the European market, while exports to the CIS have declined. Moldova demonstrates considerable competitive advantages in the cereals, oilseeds, alcoholic beverages, and vinegar sectors, but faces disadvantages in the animal products, dairy, and fish sectors. These findings highlight the need for strategic interventions to strengthen the competitiveness of these sectors and to support the sustainable development of Moldova's agri-food sector.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Managementul cunoștințelor ca factor al performanței și competitivității: de la educația profesională spre întreprinderile agricole
    (INCE, 2022) Prisacaru, Veronica; Sevciuc, Tatiana
    În condițiile extrem de flexibile în care funcționează întreprinderile agricole la etapa actuală, marcate profund de schimbări de natură tehnologică, provocări climatice, întețirea concurenței, modificarea mentalității resurselor umane, tendințe noi în valorile promovate la nivel global etc., reziliența unităților economice și, respectiv, sustenabilitatea lor depinde decisiv de calitatea promovării managementului cunoștințelor. Instituțiilor de învățământ profesional cu profil agrar, la rândul său, le revine un rol important în formarea competențelor de cunoaștere, acestea constituind un element indispensabil al managementului cunoștințelor. Identificarea direcțiilor de sporire a calității competențelor de cunoaștere ca finalitate a formării profesionale inițiale reprezintă o premisă importantă pentru a asigura o eficacitate mai înaltă transferului competențelor respective în performanțe ale întreprinderilor. Sub acest raport, distingem actualitatea prezentei teme. Cercetarea a avut ca obiective de bază: diagnosticarea problemelor aferente formării competențelor de cunoaștere în instituțiile de educație profesională cu profil agrar și transpunerii în performanțe ale unităților agricole; identificarea și propunerea unor direcții de acțiune în vederea raționalizării procesului de formare a competențelor de către prestatorii educației profesionale cu profil agrar. În vederea atingerii obiectivelor asumate, au fost utilizate următoarele instrumente de cercetare: sinteza abordărilor conceptuale ale subiectului cercetat; observarea; sondajul de opinie; generalizarea; deducția; formularea de concluzii și raționamente. În rezultatul cercetării, au fost identificate o serie de probleme aferente proiectării și formării competențelor de cunoaștere în cadrul educației profesionale cu profil agrar și formulate recomandări orientate spre sporirea eficacității procesului educațional și, respectiv, sporirea calității forței de muncă furnizate economiei naționale. In the extremely flexible conditions in which agricultural enterprises operate at the current stage, deeply marked by technological changes, climate challenges, intensified competition, changing human resource mentality, new trends in globally promoted values, etc., the economic units` resilience and, respectively, their sustainability depend decisively on the quality of the knowledge management. Agricultural vocational education institutions, in their turn, have an important role in developing the knowledge skills, which are an indispensable element of knowledge management. Identification of the directions to increase the quality of knowledge skills as a vocational education`s outcome represents an important premise to ensure higher effectiveness of the transfer of those skills into enterprises` performances. Based on the above mentioned, we distinguish the actuality of the research. The research basic objectives were the following: diagnosis of the problems related to the development of the knowledge skills within agricultural vocational education institutions as well as regarding their transposition into performance of the agricultural units; identifying and proposing directions for action in order to streamline the process of skills` development by respective providers of vocational education. In order to achieve the assumed objectives, the following research tools were used: the synthesis of the conceptual approaches of the subject concerned; observation; opinion survey; generalization; deduction; formulating conclusions and reasoning. As a research result, a number of issues related to the knowledge skills design and development within the agricultural vocational education were identified and recommendations were made in order to increase the effectiveness of the educational process and, respectively, to increase the quality of the labor provided to the national economy.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Însemnări despre cercetări economice în Republica Moldova
    (INCE, 2022) Certan, Ion; Certan, Simion
    Știința, după cum susține Iules Henri Poincare, se face cu fapte, așa cum o casa se face cu pietre; dar o acumulare de fapte nu este o știință, așa cum o grămada de pietre nu este o casa. Deci scopul studiului este acumularea, analiza faptelor, stabilirea legăturile între ele pentru a contura adevărul cu privire la organizarea instituțională a cercetărilor științifice în economia națională. Din materialele utilizate în cercetare fac parte acte normative a României și Republicii Moldova, monografii și alte publicații specifice temei care ne-au permis să identificăm influența diverselor factori obiectului studiat. Analiza cantitativă s-a realizat în baza datelor selectate din anuarele statistice și alte surse oficiale ale instituțiilor internaționale și ale țării noastre fiind prelucrate de autori, ce ne-a furnizat semnificații și explicații pertinente a impactului celor mai semnificativi factori asupra obiectului studiat. În rezultatul acestei modeste investigații am adus clarificări privind organizarea instituțională a cercetărilor științifice în economia națională, în mod special cu privire la reformele agrare și am formulat unele propuneri ce ar aduce agricultura națională la cerințele societății contemporane. Science, as Iules Henri Poincare argues, is done with facts, just as a house is made with stones; but an accumulation of facts is not a science, just as a pile of stones is not a house. Thus the purpose of study is the accumulation, analysis of facts, establishing links between them to outline the truth about the institutional organization of scientific research in the national economy. The materials used include normative acts of Romania and the Republic of Moldova, monographs and other publications specific to the topic that allowed us to identify the influence of various factors on the object studied. The quantitative analysis was performed based on data selected from statistical and other official sources of international and national institutions, processed further by authors, which provide us with pertinent meanings and explanations on the impact of the most significant factors over the studied object. As a result of this modest investigation, we clarified the institutional organization chart of scientific research in the national economy, especially on agrarian reforms, and made some proposals that might bring national agriculture to the requirements of contemporary society. Наука, как утверждает Юль Анри Пуанкаре, делается делами, как дом сделан из камня; но накопление фактов - это не наука, так же как груда камней - не дом. Для этогo проводится накопление, анализ фактов, установление связей между ними и институциональной организации научных исследований в национальной экономике. Материалы включают нормативные акты Румынии и Республики Молдова, монографии и другие публикации, которые позволили выявить влияние различных факторов на изучаемый объект. Количественный анализ проводился на основе данных, отобранных из статистики и других официальных источников международных организаций и нашей страны, обрабатываемых авторами для объяснения воздействия наиболее значимых факторов на изучаемый объект. В результате этого мы прояснили институциональную организацию научных исследований в национальной экономике, особенно по аграрным реформам, и внесли некоторые предложения, которые приведут национальное сельское хозяйство к требованиям современного общества.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The impact of the world food market on the agricultural sector of Ukraine: risks and prospects
    (INCE, 2022) Prokopenko, Kateryna
    Ukraine, as a player on the world agricultural market, has a number of competitive advantages, including a high level of self-sufficiency in major food products, growth of agricultural production in the long run, gradual increase in agricultural exports and diversification, growth of the share of value added products. In addition, there are potential threats to food security that need to be taken into account when formulating agricultural foreign trade policy. To ensure the balance and sustainability of the domestic food market, in line with the global trends, it is necessary to take into account the factors that determine the sustainability of the global food market, namely the factors of supply and demand and market conditions. The purpose of the article is to study the development process of the domestic agricultural market of Ukraine, taking into account the influence of the world food market and identify risks and prospects for its development under the impact of external factors. Research methods: general scientific and special, qualitative and quantitative, theoretical (descriptive analysis) and empirical (work with official documentation, study of legislative acts). Formed mainly under the impact of the world food market, the structure of agricultural production poses certain threats to both food and environmental security. Reducing livestock production may increase the country's import dependence, and the dominance of the two main groups of crops leads to soil depletion and a gradual decline in yields. This indicates the need to develop a diversified rational agriculture in the long run.