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Item Perspective and development challenges of ecological agriculture in the Republic of Moldova(2023) Popa, Viorica; Tirigan, Sergiu; Filimon, OlegThe sustainability of the agricultural system has become a concern in the Republic of Moldova, a country with one of the highest rates in Europe of the share of agricultural land in total and of the role of the sector in the economy and external trade balance. Although the agricultural sector of the country registered important growth and potential based on the application of green revolution technology, the adverse impact on the environment, erosion of natural resources, and vulnerability to climate represent a challenge that is affecting the country's social and economic development perspectives. Organic agriculture plays an important role in the extension of the application and promotion of sustainable production practices, and the extension of this production scheme is a determinant for the achievement of the sustainable development objectives of the agricultural sector of the country. The study explores factors that are limiting and factors that are facilitating the development of the organic food sector in the Republic of Moldova. Comparative qualitative analyses covering EU and Moldova are summarized into analyses of co-variation between policies, regulations, institutional setup and organic sector development trends, focusing on the determination of the key milestones and driven factors. The authors also used a qualitative approach based on focus group interviews with agriculture producers, mostly focused on organic producers or producers who are evaluating the opportunities to initiate conversion to organic agriculture, to evaluate the factors influencing farmers' willingness and limiting factors from their perspective. This study was developed within the framework of Subprogram 030101 „Strengthening the resilience, competitiveness, and sustainability of the economy of the Republic of Moldova in the context of the accession process to the European Union”, institutional funding.Item Tourism industry in the Republic of Moldova amid Covid-19 pandemic(2024) Ianioglo, AlinaBeing a highly vulnerable industry, tourism was one of the most affected sectors, suffering the greatest crisis on record. The article reveals the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the tourism industry in the Republic of Moldova. There were explored the effects of the pandemic on tourism in the country and analysed the current situation in hospitality and tourism industry compared to the pre-pandemic period. The analysis showed that while the world saw an unprecedent fall in international tourism, domestic tourism has shown positive signs in the market. Also, it was highlighted that the tourism industry is undergoing changes, being mainly affected by economic factors, geopolitical situation and technological advancements. Main trends and challenges for tourism development in the Republic of Moldova were identified.Item О циклическом характере производства продукции растениеводства(INCE, 2014) Parmacli, Dmitrii; Dudoglo, Tatiana; Todorici, Liudmila; Ianioglo, AlinaThe article demonstrates the influence of climatic conditions on the results of the plant crop production in the Republic of Moldova and presents the dynamics of the cereal crop yields in the country in 1995-2012 which reflects low stability of cultivated crop productivity. The work presents a yield analysis for major types of crops - wheat, corn, sunflower - in the period of 1960-2012 and, based on the average annual metrics identifies the four phases of the economic cycle: recovery, prosperity, recession, and depression. Finally, the article provides a forecast of crop yield dynamics for the forthcoming years.Item Коммуникации в контексте обеспечения кадровой безопасности предприятия(ASEM, 2014) Ianioglo, AlinaStaff security consists in prevent of negative impacts on the economic security of the enterprise due to the dangers and threats associated with the staff. The planning and management of human resources should cover all processes from the organization of recruitment and selection to their lifelong learning and motivation. The staff security is possible with the timely detection and resolution of crisis situations in the collective. It is important to create and maintain a good atmosphere in the team. In this context, communications acquires the particular importance. They form the interpersonal and business relationships between people. Through the communications people improve their professional skills, developing themselves and develop the organization that work.Item The role of financial safety margin in determining level of economic security(2015) Ianioglo, AlinaThis article reveals the essence and features of calculating the break-even point and the financial safety margin. There has been presented the methodology of determining the level of economic security, depending on the values of considered indicators. This dependence is shown in the graph for ease of application. There has been calculated and determined the level of security on the example of a certain agricultural enterprise of the ATU Gagauzia.Item Rolul politicilor publice în dezvoltarea ecosistemului antreprenorial(КГУ, 2022) Ianioglo, AlinaThe article reveals the role of public policies in the development of entrepreneurial ecosystem. Based on the literature review and the analysis of foreign public policies, there was examined the experience of a number of countries and determined that government policies in some countries are mainly focused on supporting start-ups, while in others are concentrated on promoting high-growth firms, scale-ups. Also, there were examined the typology of policy frameworks and highlighted general principles and main aspects of policy for entrepreneurial ecosystems.Item Rolul creditării bancare în finanțarea întreprinderilor din Republica Moldova(2023) Ianioglo, AlinaThe article reveals the problem of SMEs access to finance and the role played by banks in financing entrepreneurial activity. The purpose of the research is to analyse the role of bank lending in financing enterprises in the Republic of Moldova. Research methods used: literature review, analysis of statistical data, comparison and synthesis. It was determined that banks are the main providers of external financing for businesses. At the same time, enterprises encounter difficulties in accessing bank loans due to high interest rates, collateral requirements. Thus, in the current economic conditions, a number of SMEs encountered difficulties in paying loans. It was stated that in addition to improving the accessibility of traditional sources of financing, it is important to diversify and promote alternative sources of financing.Item Alternative de finanțare a afacerii în Republica Moldova(INCE, 2022) Ianioglo, AlinaFinancing business activities represent one of the pressing issues. In current conditions of digital transformation and difficulties in accessing traditional financing, alternative sources of finance acquire a special importance. At the same time, the knowledge regarding alternative finance market in the Republic of Moldova is yet in its infancy. Therefore, the article aims at exploring modern trends, issues and opportunities of alternative finance in the Republic of Moldova. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a mixed research approach, based on both primary and secondary data, was used: analysis of statistical data, international rankings, comparison, synthesis, deduction. There was determined the impact of different sources of finance on entrepreneurship development. The alternative finance market in the Republic of Moldova was analysed, showing that despite a rise in recent years, alternative sources of financing are still poorly developed.Item Tranziția energetică: provocări, tendințe și soluții(INCE, 2022) Popa, Viorica; Popa, NicolaeAt the global level, humanity is faced with the problem of excessive consumption of energy resources. The challenges of the energy sector are complex: capitalizing on renewable energy sources, reducing energy consumption from fossil sources, increasing energy efficiency measures to reduce energy consumption, as well as reducing CO2 emissions. In recent years, energy efficiency is one way we have to contribute to maintaining the sustainability of the planet. Energy is an input like any other used in the production process, no doubt for this reason, what is sought with its efficient use is to produce more while spending less energy. Energy efficiency is generally based on the optimization of consumption, which involves the search for the lowest energy intensity, a "rational use of energy", through more efficient processes and means. The objective of the study is to analyze the opportunities offered by energy efficiency as well as intelligent solutions adapted to the conditions of the national economy. The hypothesis is formulated starting from the results presented in the literature analysis section and consists in the fact that one of the basic rules of the energy efficiency transition is the exploitation of renewable energy sources in new resources for other industries. This study was developed within the State Program 20.80009.0807.22 "Development of the mechanism for formation of the circular economy in the Republic of Moldova” funded from the state budget through the National Agency for Research and Development of the Republic of Moldova.Item Tendințe actuale în dezvoltarea producției de cireșe în Republica Moldova(INCE, 2022) Ceban, Alexandru; Lucasenco, EugeniaIn recent years, the production of cherries in the Republic of Moldova has been constantly increasing, reaching a significant share in the horticultural field in terms of area and share of value in the total value of agricultural production. The development of this sector has impacted the focus of many investors and experts from the agrarian sector, proved by the fact that during the period 2016-2021 it has contributed to the increase of both, the average yield per hectare by approximately more than 3 times in agricultural enterprises and peasant farms and the actual cherry production by more than 30% in all categories of agricultural entities. Foreign trade in cherries is represented by a positive trade balance, but there are also some specific risks related to this product that will be further investigated in this paper. The purpose of the work is to carry out an analysis of the situation related to the production of cherries in the Republic of Moldova, as well as the presentation of some trends in the development of the sector. Analytical, descriptive and comparative research methods allowed the formulation of conclusions regarding the current state of the sector. Although the average yield per hectare in the analyzed period increased significantly, the occuring fluctuations of this coefficient lead us to the conclusion that there are still increased risks specific for production of cherries that deserve to be removed in order to obtain a profitable business.Item Alternative sources of enterprise financing and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic(INCE, 2022) Ianioglo, AlinaIn current conditions of digital transformation and difficulties in accessing traditional financing, alternative sources of finance acquire particular importance. At the same time, the knowledge regarding the alternative finance market is yet in its infancy, with little evidence of the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the alternative finance market in Moldova. Therefore, the article aims to explore financing alternatives for enterprises in Moldova and determine the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the alternative finance market. Additionally, there were analysed data from other reference countries. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a mixed research approach, based on both primary and secondary data, was used: analysis of statistical data, international rankings, comparison, synthesis, deduction, as well as a questionnaire-based survey designed for small and medium-sized enterprises. SMEs have proven to be vulnerable to crises. The alternative finance market in Moldova was analysed, showing that despite a rise in recent years, alternative sources of financing are still poorly developed. The study shows that enterprises face the biggest problems in accessing venture capital, financing on the securities market and use of electronic platforms to attract funding (crowdfunding, cryptocurrencies, etc.). At the same time, there was registered an improvement in accessing crowdfunding since the beginning of the pandemic.Generally, obtained results are essential for further research, practitioners and in determining measures to facilitate access to finance.Item Finanțarea întreprinderilor mici și mijlocii: dificultăți și perspective(Tipogr. "A& VPoligraf", 2021) Ianioglo, AlinaAccess to finance represents one of the major constraints of SMEs, especially in current conditions of pandemic crisis. The article aims to determine main difficulties and prospects in financing SMEs in the Republic of Moldova. In order to achieve the objective of the study, following research methods were used: literature review, analysis of indicators from international rankings, comparison and synthesis. SMEs have proven to be vulnerable to crises, with insufficient access to finance, limited internal procedures for managing crises, poorly developed alternative sources of financing. Thus, a number of measures are needed to support SMEs: financial support, development of alternative sources of funding, technical support for better finance and risk management and other measures.Item Assessing the impact of demographic processes and socio-economic factors on the education system(ASEM, 2020) Poisic, MihailThe socio-economic situation in the Republic of Moldova, as well as throughout the world, is in a deep crisis, caused primarily by the coronavirus COVID-19. At the same time, it remains not only complex, but also largely undefined. But in addition to this factor, the population in the country is rapidly decreasing, caused by both a decrease in the birth rate and mass migration of citizens abroad. And these destructive processes in recent years have been greatly aggravated by the outpacing reduction in the number of students in grades 10-12, vocational schools, colleges and universities. This was largely a consequence of a decrease in the demand for highly educated personnel, both in the sphere of production and in national science. And this is a path to degradation that requires not only its awareness, but also a strategic approach to changing these negative trends.Item Situational analysis of social inclusion policies for people with disabilities in the Republic of Moldova(ASEM, 2021) Gutium, TatianaThe quality of life of people with disabilities is one of the problems facing modern society. The object of research is the situation of people with disabilities. The study investigated the following issues: the structure and dynamics of people with disabilities in the Republic of Moldova, medical and social aspects of disability, the legal basis for the interaction between society and people with disabilities, relation between people with disabilities and civil society. The main purpose of the study is an analysis of social inclusion policies of people with disabilities promoted in the Republic of Moldova. The study has been carried out within the project of the State Program 20.80009.0807.29 “Improving the application mechanisms of the innovative instruments oriented towards the sustainable growth of the well-being of population of the Republic of Moldova”.Item Влияние энергетического кризиса на экономику и на уровень жизни населения Республики Молдова(МЦНТИ, 2022) Gutium, TatianaЭкономика Республики Молдова, которая за год до мирового энергетического кризиса подверглась двум напастям: засухе и пандемии коронавируса, с трудом справляется с проблемами, спровоцированными энергетическим кризисом. Предметом данного исследования является энергетический кризис, его предпосылки и следствия. Цель Исследования – разработать предложения по повышению эффективности менеджмента в энергетическом секторе, а основные задачи - выявить предпосылки и причины энергетического кризиса, оценить влияние кризиса на экономику Республики Молдова и на уровень жизни населения. В данном исследовании использовались такие методы, как статистико-экономический, абстрактно-логический и экономико-математический, а также была использована программа EViews, для оценки корреляционных зависимостей. Основные полученные результаты – это выявление последствий энергетического кризиса для национальной экономики и для населения, а также разработанные предложения по повышению эффективности управления энергетическим сектором.Item Crearea unui mediu fără bariere pentru persoane cu dizabilități: obstacole și modalități de soluționare(Universitatea de Stat din Comrat, 2022) Gutium, TatianaSocial policy related to people with disabilities are becoming increasingly relevant to our state. The research object of this study is the policies of social inclusion, the creation of an accessible living environment for people with disabilities. Legislative acts on the social integration of people with disabilities were systematized and evaluated in this study. Recommendations to increase the social inclusion of people with special needs have been developed based on the analysis of good international practices for creating a barrier-free environment for people with disabilities. The novelty of this research is systematization of legislative and normative acts on the social inclusion of people with disabilities.Item Bariere de incluziune socială a persoanelor cu dizabilități(Artifex, 2021) Gutium, MirceaOne of the most pressing issues today is the integration of people with disabilities into society. Forming the conditions for their development, their comfortable conduct, interaction with other people and the world around them, as well as the manifestation of its human potential. The purpose of this article is to analyze the international experience regarding the social inclusion of people with disabilities. Due to the study of the experience of other countries, the author will prepare a set of current proposals for the Republic of Moldova. This study has been supported by the State Program 20.80009.0807.29 “Improving the application mechanisms of the innovative instruments oriented towards the sustainable growth of the well-being of population of the Republic of Moldova.”Item Promovarea politicii de incluziune socială a persoanelor cu dizabilități(Artifex, 2021) Gutium, TatianaThe inequality of people with disabilities stems from the many barriers which they face at all ages: social exclusion, inaccessibility of infrastructure, reduced accessibility of the transport system and inadequate public services. These barriers create significant additional costs (material, financial, health, etc.) for people with special needs and their families, making them even more vulnerable. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated these barriers and inequality. In times of economic, financial and energy crisis, people with disabilities are comparatively more vulnerable than other members of society. The object of the research is measures to support people with disabilities, which were implemented in the promoted public policies. The purpose of the study is based on the analysis of good international practices of social inclusion policies of persons with disabilities to identify those that can be implemented in the Republic of Moldova. This research has been supported by the State Program 20.80009.0807.29 “Improving the application mechanisms of the innovative instruments oriented towards the sustainable growth of the well-being of population of the Republic of Moldova.”Item Causes and consequences of the 2021 energy crisis(Artifex, 2021) Gutium, TatianaThe growth rates of the fuel and energy complex of countries exports energy resources are closely related to economic growth rates of countries imports these. The growth or decline in macroeconomic indicators of exporting and importing countries is accompanied by a change in energy balance and, accordingly, a change in the state of energy markets. This market is also influenced by the policies promoted by the world key players. Therefore, it is very important to investigate the causes and consequences of the 2021 energy crisis. The article systematizes the opinions of a number of economists about the causes of the energy crisis, provides evidence confirming the author's opinion on this subject of research and presents the expected consequences of the crisis both for the economy and for the welfare of the population. This study has been supported by the State Program 20.80009.0807.29 “Improving the application mechanisms of the innovative instruments oriented towards the sustainable growth of the well-being of population of the Republic of Moldova.”Item Modelul econometric de prognoză pe termen mediu al dezvoltării întreprinderilor mici și mijlocii în Republica Moldova(Artifex, 2021) Ganciucov, Valentina; Gutium, TatianaSustainable economic growth can be ensured through the further development of entrepreneurship. In turn, the development and success of small and medium enterprises are determined by external and internal factors, the manager's ability to predict and take into account changes in impact factors, which requires the organization of monitoring changes in the external environment. It is clear that making effective management decisions requires new tools when business conditions change and variety of factors increased. The use of mathematical modelling methods in the management of business activities provides an important competitive advantage to small and medium enterprises. The forecast of the main indicators of the development of small and medium enterprises for the years 2022-2024 is presented in this article. This research has been supported by the State Program 20.80009.0807.38 “Multidimensional evaluation and development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem at national and regional level in order to boost the small and medium enterprises sector in the Republic of Moldova.”