Оценка роли метрополисов в формировании межгосударственных миграционных потоков в Украине

Abstract

The article is devoted to the assessment of the contribution by cities, which are metropolises, to the formation of flows of external migration (both emigration and immigration) in Ukraine during the period of independence under conditions of limited initial data. The cities of Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odessa, Dnipro and Lviv (until 2014 – also Donetsk) are considered as metropolises of Ukraine. The relevance of the study is due to the significant role of the respective cities as the main centers of gravity for migrants from abroad, on the one hand, and important centers for the formation of departure of Ukrainian citizens for permanent residence in other countries. The purpose of the study is to identify the contribution of metropolitan cities to the formation of the migration situation in Ukraine and, in particular, to the dispersal of irregular migrants across the country. The methods are abstract-logical, systematic approach, expert assessments and also the method of complex use of information from various sources. The dynamics of external migration in Ukraine and the role of metropolises in emigration and immigration have been investigated. It is shown that metropolises make the main contribution to the development of external migration flows associated with a change in place of residence (the so-called "stationary" migration), moreover, in these processes the importance of such cities increases while, at the same time their role in the external labor migration remains relatively small. The estimation of the number and proportion of irregular migrants in Ukraine, concentrated in the metropolises, has been carried out.