Analysis of crop production sector vulnerability to climate changes in the Republic of Moldova

Abstract

This study examines the effects of climate change on the Republic of Moldova's output of main crops as wheat, maize, and sunflower from 2007 to 2024. The research focuses on temperature and rainfall variations, highlighting these important crops' vulnerability and adaptability. The research is based on data from the National Bureau of Statistics and combines descriptive statistical methods with multiple regression modeling to assess the relationship between weather patterns and crop performance. The results show that sunflower is the most resilient crop, with low yield variability and a moderate correlation with precipitation. Wheat is sensitive to rainfall distribution, while corn is the most unstable crop, showing a weak correlation with the analyzed climatic factors. Precipitation significantly influences crop yields, while temperature has either negative or limited effects. The findings highlight the urgent need for adaptation through drought-resistant varieties, soil conservation technologies, and the expansion of irrigation infrastructure.