Articole
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://rses.ince.md/handle/123456789/17
Browse
32 results
Search Results
Item Platform employment and hybrid models of labour relations as a response to the economic and social dangers of military shocks(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Huk, LarisaThe relevance of the work is due to the challenges faced by the Ukrainian labour market in the context of critical instability. Ukraine is losing human capital as a result of deaths or disability of people in the areas of military operations, as well as due to the displacement of millions of people from the areas of military operations to safer regions of Ukraine or to other countries. The purpose of the article is to identify a promising response to the economic and social dangers of military shocks in the context of preserving human capital in Ukraine during the war and restoring the labour market in the post-war period. Research methods. The study was conducted using system analysis, structural and functional analysis, and expert assessments. The analytical assessment was based on data from international organizations and opinion polls. Results of the study. The author proposes ways to improve regulatory policy in the field of employment by modifying traditional models of labour relations. The author identifies nonstandard forms of employment that can most effectively harmonise the situation in the Ukrainian labour market. The article considers the use of such non-standard forms of employment as hybrid models of labour relations and work on digital platforms. The author outlines the prospects of their use for persons returning to civilian life after discharge from military service for health reasons, for internally displaced persons, migrants and persons who have left Ukraine.Item Economic and technological aspects regarding the cultivation of blueberries in the conditions of the Republic of Moldova(USAMV, 2023) Turetchi, Viorel; Turetchi, TatianaCultivation of blueberries is an entrepreneurial activity recently approached by local farmers, a business with a fairly high economic potential. The nutritional and economic value of this crop fuels an active interest for both consumers and local producers. However, blueberry cultivation represents a risky challenge for potential domestic producers. This fact is conditioned, mainly, by the local natural factors that are unsuitable for the development and fruiting of the blueberry, respectively, for the creation of conditions similar to the natural habitat of the blueberry, considerable investments are required. The aim of the paper is to present a series of calculations proving that blueberry cultivation represents a profitable business in Moldova. The used methodology is based on comparative, analytical methods, and financial indicators that prove the business profitability. With a thorough elaboration of the whole business process, with all the calculations and analysis of the estimated results, as well as the exact forecasting of the risks and the impact, the cultivation and production of blueberries in the conditions of our country can become a successful business.Item The interconnection model between the Republic of Moldova's food security and its agricultural products export(USAMV, 2023) Stratan, Alexandru; Lopotenco, Viorica; Lucasenco, EugeniaThe main objective of this study is to analyze the food security resilience of the Republic of Moldova. For this reason, it is essential to establish the interconnections between food security and foreign trade of the Republic of Moldova in the actual circumstances on the external market. On the one hand, agricultural economic agents faced the loss of traditional export markets. The most vulnerable category in this regard is 08. Edible fruits and nuts; peels of citrus fruits or melons, which in 2021 constituted 7.40% of the total exports. About 52.15% of the export of this category was directed in 2021 in Russian Federation. On the other hand, the increase in the prices of agri-food products has intensified the risks of excessive growth of exports and their potential insufficiency for consumption on the domestic market. In conclusion, it is highlighted that the situation in the region of our country generates vulnerabilities with a substantial impact on food security.Item Greening policies for the agricultural sector of the Republic of Moldova: current situation and future perspectives(USAMV, 2023) Stratan, Alexandru; Ceban, Alexandru; Lucasenco, EugeniaAgricultural sector of the Republic of Moldova is currently facing a series of challenges, an important part of them being related to the greening of the sector. The existing public support schemes for greening agriculture are more related to mitigation of the climate change effects, with less focus on preserving the environment, and their share in the total public support is relatively low. The paper aims to analyze the existing public support schemes related to climate change adaptation and greening of sector and provide a series of recommendations for their improvement. In order to achieve the main aim of the paper, the following scientific methods have been used: generalization of empirical and applied material, induction and deduction methods for making the paper conclusions, comparison method and analytical one. In order to be in line with current greening EU policies, Republic of Moldova must adapt some of its public support schemes for the agricultural sector and pay more attention to development of a coordinative mechanism and advice services.Item Profitability of production of table grapes in Republic of Moldova(USAMV, 2023) Iatisin, Tatiana; Ceban, Mihail; Timus, AngelaViticulture for table grapes is a branch of the agro-industrial complex, which possesses high adaptability to environmental conditions, relatively simple care and high economic efficiency, etc. For each economic agent, economic efficiency expresses the need for existing factors of production to be used under conditions of economic rationality, which means that unlimited needs are satisfied with increasingly limited resources throughout the economy. This paper presents the economic efficiency of table grape production. We can state that any economic activity must produce useful and qualitatively superior effects, satisfying the principle of rationality applied to the present time and to the future, thus ensuring the prerequisites for future efficiency. The research was carried out on the basis of data from the National Bureau of Statistics and reports from the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, using methods of analysis, synthesis, tabulation and graphics. The vitivinicultural sector is and will remain an important one for the Republic of Moldova. High-quality grapes and wine are the calling card of our country, recognized internationally. Dynamically, in the years 2010-2018, the viticultural sector registered an average annual increase of 6.2% - the productivity of the vineyard per fruiting; 8.4% - the harvest of table grapes; 7.1% - export of table grapes.Item Tehnologii moderne în sectorul vitivinicol(Artifex, 2023) Iatisin, Tatiana; Colesnicova, TatianaOne of the strategic prerogatives for the sustainable development of the agricultural sector and the economy as a whole is the implementation of modern technologies. The implementation of modern technologies in agriculture will transform and increase the production and quality of products. Therefore, modern agriculture is the most effective and necessary approach for transformation through the use of information technologies in increasing profitability, productivity and sustainability. Innovative technologies in the agricultural sector are seen as a solution for agroindustrial countries to produce healthier, safer and more affordable food in a sustainable and transparent way. In this research we aimed to analyse the benefits of using and implementing modern technologies in the wine sector. The article is elaborated within the framework of the State Program Projects for the period 2020-2023: "Development of new economic instruments for evaluation and stimulation of competitiveness of agriculture of the Republic of Moldova for the years 2020 - 2023" (registered in the State Register of Projects in the field of science and innovation of the Republic of Moldova with the code - 20.80009.0807.16) and "Improvement of mechanisms for implementation of innovative instruments oriented to sustainable growth of welfare of the population of the Republic of Moldova" (registered in the State Register of Projects in the field of science and innovation of the Republic of Moldova with the code - 20.80009.0807.29). Una din prerogativele strategice de dezvoltare durabilă a sectorului agricol și a economiei în ansamblu este implementarea tehnologiilor moderne. Implementarea tehnologilor moderne în agricultură va transforma și va crește producția și calitatea produselor. De aceea, agricultura modernă este cea mai eficientă și necesară abordare pentru transformarea prin utilizarea tehnologiilor informaționale în sporirea rentabilității, productivității și sustenabilității. Tehnologiile inovaționale din sectorul agricol sunt considerate o soluției pentru țările agro-industriale, pentru a produce în mod durabil și transparent alimente mai sănătoase, mai sigure și mai accesibile. În această cercetare ne-am propus analiza avantajelor utilizării și implementării tehnologiilor moderne în sectorul vitivinicol. Articolul este elaborat în cadrul Proiectelor Programelor de Stat pe perioada anilor 2020-2023: „Elaborarea instrumentelor economice noi de evaluare și stimulare a competitivității agriculturii Republicii Moldova pentru anii 2020 - 2023” (înregistrat în Registrul de stat al proiectelor din domeniul științei și inovării din Republica Moldova cu codul - 20.80009.0807.16) și ”Perfecționarea mecanismelor de aplicare a instrumentelor inovaționale orientate spre creșterea durabilă a bunăstării populației Republicii Moldova” (înregistrat în Registrul de stat al proiectelor din domeniul științei și inovării din Republica Moldova cu codul - 20.80009.0807.29).Item Rolul fermierilor mici în antreprenoriatul agricol(2023) Iatisin, TatianaThe paper presents the results of research on the role of small farmers in agricultural entrepreneurship. Farmers have an important role in balancing the need to increase productivity with the need to protect the environment and create value for society. The research is based on reports in the field; scientific papers of local researchers; articles of experts from this domain. Several research methods were applied in the research process: observation method, comparison, time series method, etc.Item Cooperation for Innovation: Opportunities and Challenges for SMEs (The Case of the Republic of Moldova)(LUMEN Publishing, 2020) Stratan, Alexandru; Novac, Alexandra; Vinogradova, NataliaIn the contemporary economy, the sustainable growth of the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can be ensured provided that innovations are implemented in enterprises. The innovative potential of enterprises can be raised through various methods, including cooperation with other enterprises and researchers. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the innovation activity of SMEs in the Republic of Moldova and identify opportunities and barriers to cooperation of SMEs with other enterprises and research institutions in the Republic of Moldova in order to develop and/or implement innovations. The results of the research showed that in the Republic of Moldova, SMEs are quite reluctant and passive in cooperating with other companies and research institutions to implement innovations. Moreover, for the most part, Moldovan SMEs are not aware of the need to implement innovations based on research results, but researchers - of the need to market their results.Item 20 years of operation of the agricultural land market in the Republic of Moldova: achievements and perspectives(2022) Bajura, Tudor; Zubco, EfimBeing at the stage of 20 years of operation, the agricultural land market in the Republic of Moldova collided with several socio-economic problems, which limited (partially) the dynamic development of this market. Although in the process of identifying the market prices of agricultural land in the Republic of Moldova, different evaluation methods are widely used, the method, based on comparable prices, is the preferable one, the most often used. At the same time, this method is the most dependent on the stability of the purchasing power of the national currency - the Moldovan lei. The sudden increase in the level of inflation in the last two years has disorientated the participants of the land market and negatively influenced both the number of transactions for the sale and purchase of agricultural land, as well as the area of land included in the market circuit. The deeper analysis of the current state, as well as the elaboration of reasoned recommendations, regarding overcoming the crisis situation on the agricultural land market in the Republic of Moldova, is the main purpose of this publication.Item Piața autohtonă a terenurilor agricole la începutul deceniului trei de funcționare: realizări și perspective(2022) Bajura, TudorConform ultimului raport Cadastral, aprobat prin Hotărâre Guvernului Republicii Moldova, din toată suprafața de 3384,7 mii hectare mai mult de 2491,7 mii ha sau 73,6 la sută constituie terenuri agricole [1]. Tot cu ajutorul acestei surse putem constata, că anume suprafețele agricole autohtone sunt cel mai puternic fărâmițate, având (la data de 01.01.2021) în total – 1283239 loturi aparte, media fiind abia 1,94 ha în calcul la un singur lot. Ca consecință, sute de mii din aceste loturi sunt permanent prezentate pe piața obiectelor imobiliare a Republicii Moldova fie în calitate de obiecte de vânzare-umpărare, fie ca obiecte de moștenire, de schimb sau de dare în arendă. Cât de eficientă este funcționarea acestui fragment al pieței imobiliare autohtone și care sunt rezervele de eficientizarea a acestuia – sunt problemele, abordate în prezentul articol.