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Item Ukraine's food security during the wartime period(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Zghadova, Natalia; Kravchenko, Yuliia; Dobrianska, NataliaThe article describes the importance of food security for Ukraine before the outbreak of hostilities. It reviews the situation in Ukraine at the outbreak of the conflict and its role on world food markets as one of the largest exporters of grain. The damage to agriculture due to the hostilities is assessed: destruction of infrastructure, damage to farmland, inaccessibility of land for cultivation reduction of production. Because of the problems in Ukraine there is a decrease in the export of Ukrainian agricultural products, especially as a result of the blockade of the Black Sea ports. The aim of the article is to analyze the consequences of military action on food security in Ukraine, to identify the key challenges faced by the country under the conditions of war, and to consider measures taken to ensure food stability in the domestic market and agricultural recovery in the future. The relevance of the article is that the military conflict that is ongoing in Ukraine has profound and far-reaching implications for agriculture and food security both domestically and internationally. In addition, military actions lead to a sharp increase in food prices inside Ukraine, which creates social and economic problems for the population. It is necessary to develop comprehensive measures to reduce the impact of the war on food security and create conditions for the recovery of agriculture after the end of the conflict. The role of international organizations, such as the World Food Programme, in supporting Ukraine and other countries dependent on Ukrainian grain, as well as the impact of sanctions and Russia's international isolation on the global food market, is discussed. This topic has important practical implications for action planning both at the national level and for the international community, and requires timely attention to 347 minimize economic losses and ensure food security in both war and post-conflict reconstruction. The article describes a situation where military action has caused enormous damage to Ukraine's food security, but despite the difficult conditions, the country is taking active measures to minimize the impact and restore agriculture in the future.Item Exportul produselor agroalimentare a Republicii Moldova la etapa actuală: provocări și oportunități(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Chistruga, BorisThis article examines the external influences that affect the export of agri-food products of the Republic of Moldova in a constantly changing global economic context. In recent decades, the Republic of Moldova has made significant progress in diversifying its economy, and exports are an essential engine of this development. With a rich agricultural sector and varied natural resources, the country has a solid base for expanding foreign markets. In this context, the article analyzes the main groups of agri-food products with export potential, products of the vegetable kingdom and the food industry, highlighting how each of them contributes to economic growth. The proposed article emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach to the export of agri-food products, involving both the regulations of state authorities and the political and economic approaches of international organizations, providing a comprehensive assessment of the factors that influence this economic activity. Opportunities are identified that can be exploited to improve export performance, diversify markets and adopt advanced processing and preservation technologies. In the same context, the intentions of the Republic of Moldova to participate in supply chains and the global and regional commercial landscape are seen, highlighting the adaptability of the agri-food sector to these unexpected challenges. Through an analysis of recent export statistics, the products with the greatest growth potential are identified and strategies are proposed for a more competitive position on the international agri-food market, transforming current challenges into sustainable opportunities for the country's economic development.Item Evoluția deficitului extern în România: tendințe, caracteristici(INCE, 2022) Milea, CameliaÎn articol, vom analiza evoluția deficitului de cont curent și a subconturilor sale care au o contribuție semnificativă atât la formarea sa, cât și la contracararea sa, în perioada 2006-2020. Metodologia folosită constă în analize cantitative, calitative, comparative, descriptive. În cazul Românei, deficitul extern este determinat de soldul negativ al contului curent, care, în perioada analizată, a fost generat de următoarele subconturi: balanța bunurilor (de-a lungul întregii perioade analizate), serviciile de turism (din 2008), veniturile din investiții directe, veniturile din alte investiții de capital (dobânzi), veniturile din investiții de portofoliu (începând cu 2013). Restricțiile impuse de autorități cu scopul declarat al împiedicării răspândirii covid-19 în anul 2020 au antrenat accentuarea deficitelor contului curent și al balanței bunurilor. Tendința de deteriorare a soldului balanței bunurilor datorată, în principal, structurii sale reprezintă un motiv de îngrijorare, întrucât creșterea importurilor a fost substanțial mai mare pentru bunurile de consum decât pentru bunurile intermediare sau de capital. România s-a specializat în produsele de tehnologie medie, în ultimii 10 ani. Evoluția serviciilor este unul dintre factorii cu impact pozitiv asupra deficitului de cont curent de-a lungul întregii perioade analizate, contribuind la contracararea deficitului contului curent, cu excepția anului 2009. Evoluția contului curent a fost însoțită și de o înrăutățire a acoperirii sale. Astfel, investițiile străine directe și-au redus importanța în finanțarea dezechilibrului extern, și a crescut ponderea împrumuturilor externe și a investițiilor de portofoliu, în contextul diminuării lichidității la nivel global și creșterii aversiunii față de risc a investitorilor. In the article, we shall analyze the evolution of the current account deficit and its sub-accounts, which have a significant contribution to both its formation and counteracting in the period 2006-2020. The methodology used consists in quantitative, qualitative, comparative, descriptive analyzes. In the case of Romania, the external deficit is determined by the negative balance of the current account, which, during the analyzed period, was generated by the following sub-accounts: balance of goods (throughout the analyzed period), tourism services (since 2008), income from direct investments, income from other capital investments (interest), income from portfolio investments (since 2013). The restrictions imposed by the authorities with the stated purpose of preventing the spread of covid19 in 2020 have led to a sharpening of current account and of goods balance deficits. The deteriorating of the goods balance, mainly due to its structure, is a matter of concern, as the increase in imports was substantially higher for consumer goods than for intermediate or capital goods. Romania has specialized in medium technology products for the last 10 years. The evolution of services is one of the factors with a positive impact on the current account deficit throughout the analyzed period, contributing to counteracting the current account deficit, except for 2009. The evolution of the current account was accompanied by a worsening of its funding. Thus, foreign direct investments have diminished their importance in financing the external imbalance, and the share of external loans and portfolio investments has increased, in the context of declining global liquidity and increasing risk aversion of investors.Item Nigerian wine market research and Moldovan wine export perspectives(INCE, 2022) Ugbo, JuhnbullThe growth pattern of the alcoholic beverage market suggests that the taste and preference of Nigerian consumers have changed to wine as a beverage drink of interest, especially for relaxation, at important functions and major celebrations. However, to meet these needs, consumers are reliant on the import of quality wines made from grapes from the main wine producing countries. Therefore, the growth in the Nigerian wine market has relied mainly on bottled foreign wines and the imported bulk wine from foreign wineries, bottled and packaged as local brands. Social demographic variables and consumer preference were analyzed and reported as important to the wine market. However, one of the determinant of purchase and consumption was not investigated – the role price in wine consumption pattern and behavior. It is pertinent to study the drivers or motivation factors of the wine drinkers so that strategy for marketing wine to real and potential consumers can be improved. This article reflects some results of the Nigerian sale market research from the perspective of capitalizing on the export potential of Moldovan wines.Item Dezvoltarea culturii porumbului în Republica Moldova(INCE, 2022) Zbancă, Andrei; Negritu, GhenadiePorumbul face parte din grupul culturilor, tehnice de câmp și constituie unul dintre sectoarele de bază din Republica Moldova. Articolul oferă o analiză cuprinzătoare a stării actuale de dezvoltare a ramurii cultivării porumbului, a utilizării producției și a comerțului cu boabe de porumb. O atenție deosebită se acordă în articol analizei eficienței economice a cultivării porumbului cu aplicarea diferitor scheme de erbicidare a culturilor. Autorii au elaborat bugete pentru fiecare schemă de erbicidare și au comparat rezultatele economice și nivelul de profitabilitate. Pe baza cercetărilor și analizelor efectuate au fost formulate concluzii strategice pentru dezvoltarea durabilă a ramurii porumbului, care necesită a fi implementate de către producătorii agricoli și alți operatori pentru a spori eficiența economică pe tot lanțul valoric. Кукуруза входит в группу сельскохозяйственных культур, техническая культура и является одним из основных секторов в Республике Молдова. В статье приводится комплексный анализ состояния развития отрасли выращивания кукурузы, использования кукурузного производства и торговли. Особое внимание в статье уделено анализу экономической эффективности возделывания кукурузы с применением различных схем гербицидов по возделыванию культуры. Авторы разработали бюджеты для каждой схемы применения гербицидов и сравнили экономические результаты и уровень рентабельности. На основе исследований и анализа были сделаны стратегические выводы для устойчивого развития кукурузной отрасли, которые должны быть реализованы сельхозпроизводителями и другими операторами ценовой цепочки для повышения экономической эффективности. Maize is part of the group of crops, technical crops and is one of the basic sectors in the Republic of Moldova. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of development of the maize cultivation branch, the use of maize production and trade. Particular attention is paid in the article to the analysis of the economic efficiency of maize cultivation with the application of different crop herbicide schemes. The authors developed budgets for each herbicide scheme and compared the economic results and the level of profitability. Based on research and analysis, strategic conclusions have been drawn for the sustainable development of the maize branch, which need to be implemented by agricultural producers and other operators in order to increase economic efficiency throughout the value chain.Item Milk and meat market between 2015-2020 - a swot analysis(INCE, 2022) Chetroiu, Rodica; Marin, AncutaMarket information is an important tool to respond to changes in the economic environment and to identify potential domestic and export market opportunities, helping producers, traders and processors to know market requirements and consumer preferences. The SWOT analysis used in the paper as a research method is based on the results of a series of technical-economic analysis, statistics and market information, which led to highlighting the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and risks of the cow's milk market and of beef, sheep, pork and poultry market from Romania. Thus, the Romanian agri-food sector was characterized by a low integration of participants in the agri-food supply chains. The Romanian animal products market is dominated by imported products, at lower sales prices, which makes that the products of Romanian farmers do no longer find their place in the stores, as higher domestic costs lead to higher prices, discouraging autochthonous producer. But the recovery of trust in Romanian products has already taken place by consumer. There is now a need to regain trust between producers, to create production, distribution and marketing chains, to create markets that will also receive quality products from Romanian farmers.Item Consecinţele socio-economice privind exportul masiv al forţei de muncă(IEFS, 2012) Pantea, LarisaWorkforce migration has a major impact both on the economy of the country of origin and the economy of the country of destination. The massive export of labour force has economic, financial, social, demographic and political effects. The socioeconomical consequences are both positive and negative, their size depending on the Premises existing in the society of the country of origin.Item Rolul culturii floarea-soarelui în contextual problemelor economice curente existente în regiune(INCE, 2023) Osoianu, AlexandruThe essential factor in enhancing the economic potential of a country lies in international trade and the exchange of goods with the global community. The magnitude of this potential is typically revealed through the export and import of goods, both of which exert economic and social impacts on the economy of the Republic of Moldova. This study aims to provide an analysis of a product with one of the most significant impacts on the volume of exports and imports in the Republic of Moldova and worldwide – sunflower. Currently, the sunflower seed market holds exceptional importance for farmers and intermediary traders, as a portion of their income is derived from the sale of sunflower seeds. Additionally, it is crucial for consumers who utilize sunflower oil and other products derived from this crop. This study presents a series of analyses related to the international and global trade of sunflower seeds, as well as the by-products obtained through seed processing.Item Aspectele potențialului de export al produselor agroalimentare din Republica Moldova(IEFS, 2012) Coser, CornelGiven the importance of the agricultural sector in the economy in terms of employment, population, and poverty alleviation, Moldova can’t improve its economy overall and achieve sustainable growth without reforming its agricultural sector. Moldova’s exporters have been losing ground in their traditional markets to the east, as market architectures evolve and competitors from the enlarged EU and Asia are moving in. The performance of selected activities in competitive agricultural export markets attests to the resilience of the country’s entrepreneurs and managers. Export of agricultural products or processed products from them is without considerable income for producers, since the value added per tonne of product is modest. In this situation, corporate enterprises can exploit their export potential only by increasing cultivated areas, receiving significant amounts of one or several of products in which they are specialized. On the other hand, farms can increase their export potential by creating producers associations representing one or a few related agricultural products, maintaining the individual form of agricultural land use, but using the same standards of production and technology storage, processing and trading.Item Eficiența funcționării complexului vitivinicol: recomandări(IEFS, 2012) Fistic, MariaMoldova has specialized in the export of raw materials producers. Over 50% of wines are produced in the CIS inventory of wine from Moldova. Efficient operation is inconceivable complex wine export situation by Moldova jobs, the new value created by exporting grapes, wines in tanks. Important is the complex geography of wine exports final products. About 80% of all CIS countries export returns is a risk situation for manufacturers producing wine grapes. Complex wine can streamline operation at all stages, by creating productive infrastructure, training specialists, reducing losses, etc.