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Item Managementul globalizării – proces impredictibil(INCE, 2022) Udrescu, Mircea; Coderie, ConstantinGlobalizarea a fost și este, în același timp, un proces şi o stare de fapt. A fost și este un proces, deoarece a cunoscut și cunoaște adânci prefaceri cantitative şi calitative de natură politică și economică în timp, şi a fost și este o stare de fapt, deoarece a permis și permite acţiuni de comparare a elementelor constitutive pe momente evolutive. Dincolo de rațiunile sale politice, globalizarea se putea justifica prin două componente majore: evoluția tehnologică şi evoluția piețelor de schimb. Astfel, este de înțeles de ce globalizarea nu produce aceleaşi niveluri de satisfacţie, deoarece nici cunoaşterea tehnică şi ştiinţifică nu este uniformă. Ca urmare, venitul pe cap de locuitor al ţărilor cuprinse de valurile globalizării nu are neapărat tendința de a converge spre un echilibru, deoarece ţările nu au dobândit cunoștințe tehnice în aceeași măsură, dar se poate stabili o legătură între progresele productivității endogene şi influenţele externe. Dacă un bun se produce de către o ţară mai bine situată economic, produsul respectiv devine mai bun pentru piaţa globală atât din punctul de vedere al calităţii, cât şi al costurilor. Se dau drept exemple în acest sens microprocesoarele, automobilele, avioanele, telefoanele mobile etc., bunuri a căror calitate a crescut mereu, dar ale căror preţuri au scăzut pe măsură ce a crescut experienţa. În mod implacabil, marea provocare pentru secolul în care am intrat, din punctul de vedere al globalizării, era crearea instituţiilor care să pună în valoare promisiunile globalizării şi să evite crizele mondiale de proporţii. Dar politica de excepționalitate a SUA, prin boicotarea înțelegerilor care au adus globalizarea la rang de ideologie politică și economică, a făcut ca navigația globalizării să eșueze lamentabil. Globalizarea democratică a eșuat, fiind răpusă de pretențiile de excepționalitate hegemonică cerute de către SUA. Globalization was and is, at the same time, a process and a State of affairs. It was and is a process, because he knew and knows deep qualitative and quantitative prefaceri, political and economic time, and it was and is a State of affairs, since it enabled and allows for comparison of the actions on the constituent moments evolutionary. Beyond his political reasons, globalization could be justified by the two major components: the evolution of technology and developments in the exchange markets. Thus, it is understandable why globalization doesn't produce the same levels of satisfaction, because neither the technical and scientific knowledge is not uniform. As a result, the income per capita of the countries covered by the waves of globalization does not necessarily tend to converge towards a balance, because countries have not acquired technical knowledge in the same manner, but it is possible to establish a link between progress endogenous productivity and external influences. If a good is produced by a country better situated economically, the product gets better for both the overall market in terms of quality and cost. They give as examples in this regard, automobiles, aircraft microprocessors, mobile phones, etc., goods whose quality has increased, but whose prices have declined as increased experience. Relentlessly, the great challenge for the century in which we entered, from the point of view of globalization was creating institutions that highlight the promises of globalization and avoid crises of world proportions. But the US policy of excepționalitate, by boycotting the understandings that brought globalization to political and economic ideology, has made passage of globalization to fail miserably. Democratic globalization failed, being răpusă by the hegemonic pretensions of excepționalitate required by US.Item Impactul pandemiei Covid-19 asupra calității vieții populației din Republica Moldova(INCE, 2022) Timofti, Elena; Sarban, CristinaEconomia anului 2020 a fost puternic marcată de pandemia de COVID-19, care în martie a ajuns și în Republica Moldova. Pentru a stopa răspândirea infecției, guvernul de la Chișinău, la fel ca și guvernele din celelalte state ale lumii, a venit cu o serie de restricții de circulație și activități antreprenoriale, fapt care a avut efecte destul de negative pentru întreaga populație. Scopul cercetărilor este de a analiza impactul acestei pandemii asupra populației, punând în evidență necesitățile vitale, dar și felul în care aceasta a răspuns noilor provocări și schimbări în sfera socială și economică. Cercetările au fost realizate în baza datelor furnizate de Biroul Național de Statistică prin metode de analiză, sinteză, tabelară și grafică. În baza rezultatelor obținute s-a constatat că impactul crizei cauzate de acest virus reprezintă o amenințare pentru economia națională și pentru nivelul de trai al cetățenilor. În timpul acestei crize sanitare și acestor situații precare, este necesar să se protejeze nu numai sectoarele critice ale economiei, dar și locurile de muncă și angajații. The economy of 2020 was strongly marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, which in March also reached the Republic of Moldova. In order to stop the spread of the infection, the government of Chisinau, as well as the governments in other countries of the world, came up with a series of traffic restrictions and entrepreneurial activities, which had quite negative effects for the entire population. The purpose of the research is to analyze the impact of this pandemic on the population, highlighting the vital needs, but also how it responded to new challenges and changes in the social and economic sphere. The research was based on data provided by the National Bureau of Statistics through methods of analysis, synthesis, tabulation and graphics. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the effects of the crisis caused by this virus pose a threat to the national economy and to the standard of living of the citizens. During this health crisis and these precarious situations, it is necessary to protect not only the critical sectors of the economy, but also jobs and workers.Item Alternative methods to measuring the Romanian economy’s business cycle(INCE, 2022) Radu, Stefan-ConstantinIn the following paper we will present a series of mathematical models that have the scope of approximating the business cycle of the Romanian economy for the period between 1995 and 2022 by using quarterly data of the Gross Domestic Product. The main findings of the paper suggest the use of three different methods for approximating the business cycle, with very interesting and varied results. The accuracy of the approximation of the proposed methods is compared to the traditional method of using the Hodrick-Prescott filter. The originality of the paper lays in applying different methods of calculating the business cycle and comparing their effectiveness for the case of the Romanian economy. In this case we observe that when comparing the methods for the Romanian economy, the alternatives to the Hodrick-Prescott filter are viable and useful.Item Reflecţii cu privire la dezvoltarea economiei naţionale(INCE, 2015) Certan, Simion; Certan, IonDupă aprobarea Declaraţiei de independenţă (27 august 1991), se depun eforturi considerabile pentru a-şi consolida locul printre naţiunile democratice şi a-şi dezvolta economia astfel încât să se mişte energic spre faimosul „mai bine”. În procesul dezvoltării economiei naţionale, bazate pe relaţiile de piaţă şi deschise faţă de lume s-au produs, fără îndoială, mutaţii importante nu numai de formă, ci mai ales de fond. Situaţia respectivă obligă să se intensifice preocupările ce ţin de procesele din economia naţională, ceea ce determină actualitatea prezentului studiu. In articol autorii meditează asupra evoluţiei economiei ţării noastre şi vin cu unele propuneri care ar contribui la dezvoltarea durabilă a economiei naţionale.Item Rolul economiei sociale în crearea noilor locuri de muncă în Republica Moldova(IEFS, 2012) Bradu, MargaretaLa stabilite economique, politique et sociale reprezente une condition initiale du developpement economique et de l’evolution d’une nation. L’occupation entiere de la main-d’oeuvre – c’est l’objectif fondamental de toutes les societes actuelles. La crise economique globale et les disponibilites massives dans la plupart des pays du monde ont oblige a evaluer l’efficacite des mesures intenses de stimulation de l’insertion professionnelle.Item Aspecte ale politicilor cu privire la IMM-urile din Moldova și eficiența economică reală(IEFS, 2012) Roscovanu, EugenIn recent years a trend is observed regression in the development of SMEs, although state strategies and programs for small business. Simultaneously official statistics elucidates facts and figures, indicating the emergence of economic phenomena within time, which could have a completely different nature and origin. Addressing the theme is even more important as the official statistical figures show that the opposite needs are jobs in the country and to broaden the tax base. Issues of funding and training are positive and are indicative for the younger generation. The results are, however, opimiste only in terms of a very distant perspective or no. Influence European policy in supporting and developing SMEs is high, but accession to the European Charter for SMEs has not saved the situation. Footprint under globalization on national economy and strong competition between EU businesses and of the EU in Moldova and the agonizing. Important is a lesson to be this good news and not a natural bottleneck that product competition and the need for internationalization of both parties. European paradigm of the need toItem Oficiul național de audit al Republicii Populare Chineze(IEFS, 2012) Dobre, CorneliaThe financial crisis which debuted in July 2007 has affected most economies of the world, being cancelled even the most positive growth predictions. In this carousel of economic decrease and austerity measures is observed that the Republic of China’ s economy has been less affected, occupying from 2010 the second place after the United States in the world economy. Thus, the Republic of China is a factor of interregional economic stability and even international. The typology of economic growth must be based on a dynamic structure and independent of verification such as the China National Audit Office (CNAO) which is part of the executive branch, having the mission to supervise through audit missions the execution of the public budget. The theme researched is distinguished by originality, because a field as important as it is the external public audit is little known through the specialized works. Methodology of the research is to evaluate the resources in this field, using the national and foreign specialized literature. Also were accessed web pages of Supreme Audit Institutions in order to deepen the knowledge spectrum. The work is focused on institutional development, the role, experience and traditions exercised in public external audit field, as well as on the relationship with Parliament, including measures taken pursuant to the recovery audit reports.Item Determinants of the economy of Kazakhstan(IEFS, 2012) Jumadilova, Shynara; Laszlo, VasaThe Republic of Kazakhstan belongs to the States with strategic reserves of hydrocarbons and influences the formation of the global energy market. The country has more than 200 hydrocarbon fields. Among countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Kazakhstan is the second largest oil producer – after the Russian Federation. Despite the fact that the republic has a high enough own oil and gas potential, geographical distance between the places of production, processing and consumption creates a big problem in the formation of energy independence. Oil and gas sector of Kazakhstan is the basis of economic potential. One of the major scientific and practical problems of obtaining political and economic independence is the effective use of its mineral resources. This article defines the status of the oil and gas industry in the economy of Kazakhstan and discusses current problems in the industry.Item Particularitățile dezvoltării sectorului tehnologiilor informaționale și de comunicații în Republica Moldova(IEFS, 2012) Stratan, Alexandru; Gaburici, Chiril; Duca, DanielaIn the present competitive global economy, the performance of an enterprise is contingent and depends on the quality of decisions made by management. Making the best decisions involves acceding to a lot of information and a complex process of analysis and synthesis thereof. Capacity for collecting, processing and analyzing information that enterprise management (human factor) should have is far beyond human limits. To overcome these limitations in decision-making are used means of communication and information technology. The purpose of the paper below is to identify the role of information and communication technologies in the creation of information and knowledge society and determining the impact of investments in electronic communications market development in Moldova.Item Reforme și politici în economia Republicii Moldova(IEFS, 2012) Certan, Simion; Certan, IonRepublic of Moldova, since independence, decided to consolidate its plase among the democratic nations and open to reform economy in order to integrate it in european and international circuit as well as in the process of globalization. Reform of national economy was orientated towards substitution of an old, outdated and almost collapsed socioeconomic system by one capable to ensure the continued progress in society. Thus this reform could be done through revercing the ratio between state-owned and private property, reduction or even excusion of state intervention in economy, establishment and development of market economy tools and instruments. Unfortunatelly the concept adopted for implementation was designd as is form scratch that does not consider ongoing changes, local particularities and specifics. Therefor it caused loses in time and money in almost all branches of national economy and led to growth of discrepancy among them and related to neighborhood ones. The proposed essay consider a sintez of reforms evolution and economic policies efects, free trade and concurence, fiscal and investment policies applied in national economy, as well as their ajustment to best practicies and market economy requirements.