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Item Sporirea competitivității în sectorul agricol prin tehnologie: de la tradiții spre Agricultura 4.0(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Cojocaru, AdrianThe growth of the population on Earth, increasing demand for affordable food, rising costs of production factors, labour shortage in farming; all these lead to huge transformations in the agricultural sector. Artificial intelligence is increasingly applied in precision agriculture and the robotization of farming process. Similarly, block-chain technologies contribute towards increasing the efficiency of agribusiness management and ensuring the products traceability. The purpose of this research is to identify the main trends at the global level in the field of technologies that have a decisive impact on increasing agricultural productivity and competitiveness, as well as to understand how much the Republic of Moldova is integrated in these trends. The research methodology was focused on the analysis of the works regarding the impact of technologies on agricultural competitiveness, indepth interviews with agricultural producers and technology suppliers from the Republic of Moldova, as well as the study of online sources showing how the respective technologies are implemented. Although the Republic of Moldova is not among the pioneers in terms of the development of intelligent solutions for agriculture, there are solid premises in the country for an accelerated transition to Agriculture 4.0.Item Exportul produselor agroalimentare a Republicii Moldova la etapa actuală: provocări și oportunități(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Chistruga, BorisThis article examines the external influences that affect the export of agri-food products of the Republic of Moldova in a constantly changing global economic context. In recent decades, the Republic of Moldova has made significant progress in diversifying its economy, and exports are an essential engine of this development. With a rich agricultural sector and varied natural resources, the country has a solid base for expanding foreign markets. In this context, the article analyzes the main groups of agri-food products with export potential, products of the vegetable kingdom and the food industry, highlighting how each of them contributes to economic growth. The proposed article emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach to the export of agri-food products, involving both the regulations of state authorities and the political and economic approaches of international organizations, providing a comprehensive assessment of the factors that influence this economic activity. Opportunities are identified that can be exploited to improve export performance, diversify markets and adopt advanced processing and preservation technologies. In the same context, the intentions of the Republic of Moldova to participate in supply chains and the global and regional commercial landscape are seen, highlighting the adaptability of the agri-food sector to these unexpected challenges. Through an analysis of recent export statistics, the products with the greatest growth potential are identified and strategies are proposed for a more competitive position on the international agri-food market, transforming current challenges into sustainable opportunities for the country's economic development.Item Competitivitatea comerțului agroalimentar a Republicii Moldova: perspective globale și regionale(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Cimpoies, Liliana; Lucasenco, Eugenia; Cojocaru, AdrianThe paper analyzes the competitiveness of the agri-food trade of the Republic of Moldova, considering global and regional perspectives, with a particular focus on trade relations with the European Union and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The study evaluates the performance of Moldova's agrifood sector using indicators such as the trade coverage ratio and the Lafay index to determine Moldova's comparative advantages in this sector. The research results show that the Republic of Moldova has recorded significant growth in agri-food exports, especially to the European market, while exports to the CIS have declined. Moldova demonstrates considerable competitive advantages in the cereals, oilseeds, alcoholic beverages, and vinegar sectors, but faces disadvantages in the animal products, dairy, and fish sectors. These findings highlight the need for strategic interventions to strengthen the competitiveness of these sectors and to support the sustainable development of Moldova's agri-food sector.Item Trade with agri-food products on international markets: opportunities and risks for Moldova(INCE, 2022) Cimpoies, Liliana; Sarbu, Olga;The aim of this paper is to analyze the trade advantages and/or disadvantages of Moldova’s agricultural and food products on international markets. The paper is based on statistical data analysis regarding agri-food foreign trade by using the aggregations HS 01-24 according to the Combined Nomenclature of Goods. The examined time series refer to 2010-2019. In order to assess the competitiveness of agri-food products on international markets, trade indicators as Trade Balance Index (TBI), Lafay index and Relative Trade Advantages (RTA) were calculated. According to the obtained results, Moldova has trade advantages for some commodities as oil seeds and oleaginous plants, cereals, beverages, edible fruits and nuts, animal or vegetable fats and oils, preparations of vegetables. Scopul lucrării este analiza avantajelor și/sau dezavantajelor comerțului cu produse agroalimentare al Republicii Moldova pe piețele internaționale. Studiul se bazează pe analiza datelor statistice aferente comerțului internaționale pe secțiuni armonizate 01-24 în perioada anilor 2010-2019. Pentru estimarea competitivității produselor agroalimentare au fost utilizați mai mulți indicatori ca Indicele balanței comerciale (IBT), indicele Lafay, indicele avantajelor comerciale relative (RTA) etc. Conform rezultatelor obținute, Republica Moldova are poziții comerciale avantajoase pe piețele globale pentru comerțul cu semințe și fructe oleaginoase, cereale, băuturi, fructe comestibile și nuci, grăsimi și uleiuri de origine vegetală, preparate din legume și fructe etc.Item Contribuția inovațiilor la creșterea economică și la îmbunătățirea competitivității naționale(INCE, 2022) Baran, TatianaActualmente, activitatea de inovare a devenit un imperativ extrem de important al politicilor tuturor ţărilor înrolate în edificarea societăţii bazate pe cunoaştere. Fiind catalizatorul creșterii economice, cercetarea și inovarea, se identifică ca generator de soluții pentru depășirea provocărilor de orice gen. În esență, inovarea este încercarea de a crea produse și procese noi sau îmbunătățite. Scopul acestui studiu este de a arăta dovezi empirice privind legătura dintre inovare și transformarea şi dezvoltarea economică. În acest sens, considerăm inovarea ca fiind cea mai importantă componentă a motorului creșterii economice pe termen lung. Studiul nostru ia în considerare o serie de proxy-uri pentru a măsura inovarea, cum ar fi cheltuielile cu C&D, brevetele de invenție sau numărul cercetătorilor, precum și a titlurilor de protecție. Rezultatele cercetării noastre vin să confirme literatura de specialitate existentă potrivit căreia inovarea are o contribuție semnificativă la îmbunătățirea competitivității naționale și creșterea economică iar decalajul dintre economiile țărilor dezvoltate poate fi redus prin investiții în inovare. At present, innovation activity has become an imperative of extreme importance for the policy of all countries involved in edification of the knowledge-based society. Being considered as catalyst for economic growth, research and innovation, it is also recognized to be a generator of solutions to overcome any kind of challenges. In essence, innovation is the attempt to create new or improved products and processes. The aim of this study is to provide empirical evidence regarding the connection between innovation and economic transformation and development. In this regard, we consider innovation to be the most important component of the engine of long-term growth. Our study considers a range of proxies in order to measure innovation, such as R&D spending, patents or number of researchers, as well as titles of protection. The results of our research come to confirm the existing literature according to which innovation has a significant contribution to the improvement of the national competitiveness and economic growth and the gap between the economies of developed countries may be decreased by investing in innovation.Item Implementation of the principles of a green economy in the regions of Belarus: theoretical basis and methodological approaches(INCE, 2022) Lytvynchuk, AnnaArticolul prezintă abordări metodologice pentru implementarea principiilor economiei «verzi». Subiectul cercetării este economia «verde», instrument important pentru asigurarea dezvoltării durabile a securității țării, având ca scop creșterea bunăstării populației și a justiției sociale. Scopul – fundamentarea științifică și abordările metodologice privind tranziția economiei Republicii Belarus la principiile unei economii «verzi». Metode de cercetare – abordare dialectică, metoda de analiză sistemică, comparativă. S-au luat în considerare abordările metodologice ale implementării principiilor economiei «verzi» pentru a asigura o dezvoltare durabilă, inclusiv esența și specificul conceptului de economie «verde», principiile și condițiile pentru tranziția la o economie «verde», amploarea sectorului «verde» al economiei mondiale. Separat, se evidențiază tranziția Republicii Belarus către calea dezvoltării «verzi», luând în considerare factorii constrângători și contribuabili, documentele oficiale adoptate de organele de stat (programe, strategii și «Planul național de acțiune pentru dezvoltarea Economiei verde în Republica Belarus până în 2020»). Sunt propuse abordări metodologice de evaluare a competitivității regiunilor Republicii Belarus, luând în considerare principiile economiei «verzi», se notează avantajele și direcțiile lor pentru cercetări suplimentare. В статье представлены методические подходы к реализации принципов «зеленой» экономики. Предмет исследования – «зеленая» экономика как важный инструмент обеспечения устойчивого развития безопасности страны, направленный на рост благосостояния населения и социальную справедливость. Цель – научное обоснование формирования методических подходов к переходу экономики Республики Беларусь на принципы «зеленой» экономики. Методы исследования – диалектический подход, системный, метод сравнительного анализа. Рассмотрены методические подходы реализации принципов «зеленой» экономики для обеспечения устойчивого развития, включающие сущность и специфику понятия «зеленая» экономика, принципы и условия перехода на «зеленую» экономику, масштабы «зеленого» сектора мировой экономики. Отдельно выделен переход Республики Беларусь на путь «зеленого» развития с учетом сдерживающих и способствующих факторов, принятые государственными органами официальные документы (программы, стратегии и «Национальный план действий по развитию «зеленой» экономики в Республике Беларусь до 2020 г.»). Предложены методические подходы к оценке конкурентоспособности регионов Республики Беларусь с учетом принципов «зеленой» экономики, отмечены их преимущества и направления дальнейших исследований. The article presents methodological approaches to the implementation of the principles of of the «green» economy. The subject of the research is the «green» economy as an important tool for ensuring sustainable development of the country's security, aimed at increasing the well-being of the population and social justice. Purpose – scientific substantiation of the formation of methodological approaches to the transition of the economy of the Republic of Belarus to the principles of a «green» economy. Research methods – dialectical approach, systemic, comparative analysis method. Considered are methodological approaches to the implementation of the principles of «green» economy to ensure sustainable development, including the essence and specifics of the concept of «green» economy, principles and conditions for the transition to a «green» economy, the scale of the «green» sector of the world economy. Separately, the transition of the Republic of Belarus to the path of «green» development is highlighted, taking into account the constraining and contributing factors, official documents adopted by state bodies (programs, strategies and the «National Action Plan for the Development of a Green Economy in the Republic of Belarus until 2020»). Methodological approaches to assessing the competitiveness of the regions of the Republic of Belarus, taking into account the principles of the «green» economy, are proposed, their advantages and directions for further research are noted.Item Managementul performant - factor primar în dezvoltarea durabilă a intreprnderilor(INCE, 2022) Golovaci, Florin-AnastasieThe management process is complex and involves the exercise of interdependent functions of planning, organization, motivation and control. The human factor and aspects related to its activity within the team were included, such as organizational culture, conflict, power, authority, management style and teamwork. In the new knowledge society, efficient management, vision and strategic planning, sustainable competitiveness, efficient management are the vectors of success that ensure the viability of the economy and society in general. The development of the competitiveness of an enterprise, branches, countries, nations, becomes impossible without the accelerated development of the economy, of the investments in the human factor and the improvement of the management strategies / aspects. In this sense, we found that the aspects related to the development of post-industrial society, but also of economic competitiveness, have not been sufficiently studied. To date, there is no complex approach to the formation, development and accumulation of human capital in the conditions of the competitive economy with major impact and long-term effects. The research methods used in this paper are: analysis, description, comparative analysis and synthesis. Performance management is a strategic and integrated process that "delivers" the desired success, it is a new concept in business management, even if most of its major elements exist, are known or have been practiced for a long time. Performance management reminds management and employees that all training courses produce results. The major contribution of successful management is the focus on achieving results.Item Factors and criteria for assessing the competitiveness of industrial clusters in the context of the main components of the organizational and economic mechanism(INCE, 2022) Lytvynchuk, Anna; Bliznyuk, OlgaIn modern economic conditions, the possibility of ensuring industrial safety is a priority task of state policy, since the issues of competitiveness of the national economy, and sometimes its survival under the influence of external factors, originate directly from it. The ongoing processes and structural changes in industry affect all economic agents, starting from ordinary consumers and small producers of products, ending with big business and the state itself as the central link of industrial policy. The article substantiates the relevance of promising direction of sustainable development of the national economy – clustering – an effective tool for increasing the competitive positions of regional industrial policy in foreign markets based on improving social, economic, investment, innovation, infrastructure, technological and environmental development directions and their components. In this regard, the issues of integration in industrial policy occupy the main place both in business structures and in public authorities, civil institutions. The goal is to develop criteria for assessing the competitiveness management of agro–industrial clusters. The object of research is cooperative–integration (cluster) structures. The subject of the study is the components of the organizational and economic mechanism for managing the competitiveness of cooperative integration (cluster) structures. The main result of the authors’ research are groups of factors contributing to and hindering the competitiveness management of regional cooperative productions are identified, contributing to the identification of regional advantages of creating priority industrial cooperative-integration industries.Item Dezvoltarea antreprenoriatului în Republica Moldova: oportunități și bariere(2023) Gutium, TatianaThe efficiency of entrepreneurship development depends on many factors, external and internal. External include natural and climatic factors, the external sector, and trade policies promoted by commercial partners. Factors generated by state-promoted policies are also external. Internal factors are related to available resources and the efficiency of their use. These factors can have a positive or negative impact. They can be barriers to entrepreneurship or create opportunities. The entrepreneurship development of entrepreneurship needs capital investments for its technical re-equipment, procuring modern equipment, and the implementation of high-performance technologies. Also, it directly depends on the development of foreign trade relations and the competitiveness of domestic goods. The research object is an impediment and opportunity for the development of the entrepreneurship sector. These challenges and opportunities are systematized and analyzed by the researcher. The following research methods were applied in this study: scientific abstraction, positive and normative analysis, comparative analysis, and others. The overarching goal is to identify the barriers to entrepreneurship development in the Republic of Moldova and to find mitigation solutions.Item Цикличность экономического развития экономики: аспекты обеспечения конкурентоспособности предприятия торговли(INCE, 2015) Черная, Марина; Зубков, СергеиThe current development of the domestic economy is characterized by volatility and uncertainty of the market environment under increasing of globalization and integration processes, significant exacerbation of the crisis and the permanent transformation of the economic conditions. In such circumstances, the priority problem entrepreneurs are faced with in the process of formation and development of the business is highly dynamic and unpredictable environment. For leading and development on the market it is necessary forecast and develop such solutions which will be most effective in specific circumstances the impact of adverse factors, as well as to ensure the competitiveness of the business, sustainable competitive position in the market, the acquirement and retention of competitive advantages for a long time. One of the ensuring conditions is taking into account of development processes cycle. Therefore, the study of the development processes cycle under ensuring of the enterprise competitiveness stipulates the topicality of these researches. The purpose of this research is determining of the influence characteristics of the phases of economic cycles on the formation of competitive advantages of the enterprise. Methods of the research are structural and logical and semantic analysis (for clarifying of the terminology of the competitiveness theory and development cycle), systematic and comprehensive analysis (under analysis of competitiveness and competitive advantages of enterprises); analytical methods are comparative and economic analysis (during the analysis of the features of cyclical development, competition in the trade), and others. Results of the research are identification and systematization of the phases of the individual cycles (short, medium, long) of the national economy development, substantiation of competitive advantages of trade enterprises, which are the most topical precisely in these conditions.