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Item România la granița dintre echitate și inechitate socială a persoanelor cu dizabilități(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Sicrea, CosminDisability remains quite a controversial concept for modern society both through its dynamics and through the challenges of legislative, social, and economic nature. Although it has been present since ancient times in human communities, disability has undergone a series of transformations that currently require us to integrate it into a multidisciplinary context with multiple implications of both a medical and socio-economic nature. Although there is an attempt to create a universally valid approach to disability at the European level, we still witness its reduction to a purely medical indicator, ignoring elements such as: social integration, economic security for persons with disabilities or active participation in the life of the community. The current article highlights the actual challenges of disability in Romania. Methodologically, the phenomenon of disability will be approached using existing data at the national and European level in direct relation to the legislation in the field. It is known that at the European level there is a desire for progress regarding the social inclusion of persons with disabilities through specially created programs in this regard. Although, officially, Romania offer support to disabled people, according to Law 448 from 2006, social and professional inclusion is often achieved with difficulty and the only forms of support for disabled people are the social benefits and a series of tax exemptions according to the legislation in force. Currently, there are approximately 900,000 persons with disabilities in Romania, according to data from the National Authority for the Protection of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. On the long term, this will imply high costs for the Romanian state authorities.Item Politicile în domeniul salariilor și pensiilor și impactul lor asupra creșterii polarizării veniturilor și inechității sociale(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Preotesi, MihneaThe work I propose is part of a broader research approach, which aims to identify and describe the mechanisms and factors that generate and multiply social polarization in post-transition Romania (Mihnea Preotesi, individual project: ”From inequality, to social polarization in nowadays Romania – mechanisms, factors, public policies, social and institutional actors”- within a RIQL project, 2024, coord. Iulian Stănescu). I intend to analyze in depth the public policies with an impact on the unfair distribution and redistribution of wealthpolicies in the field of pensions and salaries, minimum wage, fiscal policies. Periods of high inflation, such as the one of the last years, accentuate these discrepancies - the inflation affects those with low incomes more strongly. Indexing with equal percentages of sharply (and unfairly) differentiated incomes widens the gap and excessively protects those with high incomes from inflation and insufficiently, those with low incomes.The method of analysis involves the triangulation of statistical data and a secondary analysis of data collected in projects in which we have participated in recent years, projects carried out mainly from the perspective of community development. Another important source of data is the legislation in the field of pensions, salaries of state employees and the minimum wage, as well as legislation in the field of taxation.Item Evoluția salariilor în Republica Moldova. Corespund oare acestea costului vieții?(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Vaculovschi, DorinAny state, in promoting economic policies or development strategies, sets as its main goal the "well-being growth" or "improvement of the quality of life of the population". In this context, the main objectives focused on well-being and quality of life of population can also be found in the National Development Strategy "Moldova 2030", such as: "increasing income from sustainable sources and mitigating economic inequalities; increasing people's access to physical infrastructure, public utilities, and housing conditions; improving working conditions and reducing informal employment" (National Development Strategy "Moldova 2030"). The central public authorities are making colossal efforts to achieve these objectives. One solution to these objectives would be aligning the minimum salary with the current well-being standards in the Republic of Moldova through institutional methods. To achieve the objectives outlined in the Strategy, the state needs a "coherent income policy" that would lead to poverty reduction and ensure a sustainable increase in the population's wellbeing without affecting employment levels and economic development. More specifically, a "coherent salary policy", given that the salary constitutes the main form of "productive income" for the population, which, in a way, reflects the functionality of the economy and the labor market.Item Sistemul protecției sociale a persoanelor cu dizabilități în Republica Moldova: evaluare și recomandări(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Balan, Aliona; Gutium, TatianaThe social protection system for people with disabilities in the Republic of Moldova plays an essential role in ensuring a dignified life and facilitating the social integration of this vulnerable category. Although reforms have been implemented and continuous efforts are being made, economic and social challenges remain a reality, profoundly affecting the living standards of people with disabilities. At the beginning of 2023, 162.3 thousand people with disabilities were registered in the country, of which 10.9 thousand were children. This study aims to analyze the statistical data and available information to assess the impact of social protection on this population category, highlighting the significant discrepancies between disability pension levels and the established minimum subsistence level. The results show that the majority of people with disabilities live in rural areas, where access to basic services such as healthcare and education is limited, and living conditions are often precarious. Furthermore, recommendations are proposed to improve social protection, including adjusting pensions to meet the minimum subsistence level, facilitating access to services in rural areas, providing support to families caring for individuals with severe disabilities, and developing vocational training programs adapted for people with disabilities.Item Impactul crizelor asupra sărăciei în muncă(INCE, 2023) Timus, Angela; Gutium, Tatiana; Timus, AndreiPoverty continues to be one of the characteristics of any society. The income gap between the poorest and wealthiest people and countries has widened. This gap is so large that international reports no longer compare the income of the richest 10% of the global population with the revenue of the poorest 10% to hide the veritable situation. An international report published in 2022 compares the income of the wealthiest 10% of the global population with that of the poorest 50%, so every second inhabitant of the planet is classified as one of the poorest people, and comparing the income level of 10% of the population to 50% of the global inhabitants does not give a real-world situation about poverty. Naturally, 50% of the population is not unemployed, so employment does not guarantee an individual escape from poverty. In the Republic of Moldova, in 2022, the level of wage earnings increased, it did not ensure the achievement of a decent wage level and reduce the number of employees receiving low wages because inflation was much higher than wage growth, and as a result, the real wages decreased almost by 10%, and the risk of in-work poverty increased. Therefore, the subject of the study is the workers' risk of poverty. The purpose of the study is to assess poverty among working people in the Republic of Moldova.Item Global poverty problem and its elimination as a contribution to sustainable development(INCE, 2023) Dadashova, Jala BayramAs we know, the main goal facing countries in the world today is to achieve sustainable development. It was adopted by the UN as one of the main goals of Sustainable Development by 2030, and we can even say that it is the first goal of “Ending poverty and all its forms in every part of the world”. Of course, the reduction of poverty is fully related to the improvement of the standard of living of the country. It is in the article that the main directions of the standard of living in the world, the problem of poverty are investigated and directions for its elimination are indicated. Also, the article shows the strategic measures implemented to reduce poverty and improve living standards in the Republic of Azerbaijan.