Browsing by Author "Maier, Lidia"

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Antreprenoriatul – o opțiune de carieră târzie pentru vârstnici: experiența străină și situația în Republica Moldova
(INCE, 2018) Maier, Lidia
The actuality of the this research is defined by the necessity to approach the phenomenon of entrepreneurship among older people, because it is insufficiently researched and is not developed and supported by the state policies in the field in the Republic of Moldova. The novelty of the research consists in the fact, that the subject of entrepreneurship and self-employed workers – older people has not been the subject of study so far, and this research is one of the first steps in approach this issue. The aim of the research was to study and analyze the foreign experience regarding the approaches of the issues of the older people and on the policies for supporting entrepreneurship among the older people, and also to present a brief retrospective of the situation in the Republic of Moldova. The main research methods used: logic, systemic, analysis and synthesis, generalization, statistical data analysis, etc. Main outcomes: there was identified the situation regarding the involvement of the older people in self-employed and entrepreneurial activities in European Union and member states and in the Republic of Moldova, elaborated the main conclusions and proposed measures for promoting entrepreneurship among the older people in the country.
Antreprenoriatul inovativ în Republica Moldova: documente de politici, factori determinanți
(INCE, 2022) Maier, Lidia
In recent years, the Government of the Republic of Moldova has made considerable efforts to boost the development of the SME sector and has increasingly recognized the role of innovation as a key driver of a competitive and sustainable economy. And although strategic policy documents, programs, and other normativelegal acts, aimed at stimulating the elaboration and implementation of innovations have been developed and adopted at the national and regional levels, the political commitment to the implementation of innovation policy has remained limited and the innovation ecosystem remains at an incipient phase. In this context, for innovative entrepreneurship to develop effectivelyand be able to fully contribute to economic growth and development, it is suggested that its importance be further recognized. The paper aims to present an overview of the legislative frameworkand policy documents to support innovation at the national and regional levels-derived from other policy areas, highlighting the fact that the integration of the innovation policy for entrepreneurship in existing policy areas is problematic. In the article, the author also identifies and analyzes the determinants of innovative entrepreneurship, available for the Republic of Moldova and comes with some recommendations on boosting the development of innovative entrepreneurship in the country, the main suggestion being the emergence of an innovation strategy with the participation of all stakeholders in innovation and entrepreneurship. Methods such as analysis and generalization (of the legislative acts and policy documents, economic and statistical indicators and other analytical materials) were used in the elaboration of the article.
Aspecte ale cooperării interstatale a Republicii Moldova cu statele-membre ale CSI în domeniul inovării
(IEFS, 2013) Percinschi, Natalia; Maier, Lidia
The article examines some aspects of interstate cooperation between Moldova and the CIS countries in science and innovation field. The main objective of this cooperation is to accelerate the socio-economic development of the member states of the CIS by creating interstate innovation space that would allow the implementation of an efficient mechanism for identifying interaction, expertise and mutually beneficial projects and programs in science and innovation. Progress and performances in this context will allow member states of the CIS to fit better in the process of creating a sustainable economy based on knowledge, innovation and technology transfer. The paper identified strategic directions, problems in the development of these relations and there are also proposed solutions.
Caracteristica procesului de instituire a responsabilităţii sociale a mediului de afaceri în Republica Moldova
(Complexul Editorial, IEFS, 2013) Vinogradova, Natalia; Maier, Lidia
Lucrarea descrie principalele caracteristici ale procesului de instituire a responsabilităţii sociale a mediului de afaceri în Republica Moldova: scoate în evidenţa premisele pentru dezvoltarea responsabilităţii sociale la întreprinderi; defineşte factorii cheie, care influenţează asupra împlementării pe larg a conceptului de responsabilitate socială în cadrul întreprinderilor; propune clasificarea întreprinderilor în funcţie de cauzele principale, care au contribuit la desfasurarea acţiunilor de responsabilitate socială; examinează măsurile de susţinere de stat a responsabilităţii sociale a întreprinderilor.
Contributia intreprinderilor mici si mijlocii din Republica Moldova pe clase de marime la realizarea principalilor indicatori economici si financiari in perioada 2015-2020
(Artifex, 2022) Maier, Lidia
In the context of the negative effects of the Coronavirus pandemic on the economy, SMEs are one of the main vectors of economic recovery. The analysis of the main economic and financial indicators is important because it helps to make estimates for the next period and to implement effective policies both for the development of the sector in general, but also to support SMEs to adapt and go through the created economic crisis. This article presents the analysis of the main economic and financial indicators of SMEs by size classes, including innovative SMEs. The analysis was performed based on data from the National Bureau of Statistics and includes the period 2015-2020. As a result of the analysis, it was found, that in 2020 the economic and financial indicators of SMEs, as expected in the crisis situation, decreased significantly and only SMEs, which have carried out innovation activities have tried to stays afloat, recording a higher turnover than in the previous period 2017-2018.
Contribuţia IMM-urlor din Republica Moldova, inclusiv pe clase de mărime, la crearea locurilor de muncă în perioada 2015-2021
(2023) Maier, Lidia
SMEs hold a significant share in the total number of enterprises in the Republic of Moldova, they are, therefore, the main provider of jobs for the population and the main source of income, including for socially vulnerable categories. The government, through its policies, supports the creation and development of SMEs, as well as the creation of new jobs. The comprehensive analysis of the entrepreneurial ecosystem and the factors that could stimulate it, the monitoring of the indicators of the development of the SME sector allows to argue for the design of more effective policies for the development of national entrepreneurship in general, but also to support SMEs to adapt and go through the created economic crisis. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the contribution of the SME sector to the creation and maintenance of jobs. The analysis was carried out based on the data of the National Bureau of Statistics and includes the period 2015-2021 (for the year 2015, the data were used, recalculated according to the new methodology, developed by the NBS in 2016). Following the analysis, it was found that in 2021 the number of employees in SMEs was slightly lower than in 2020, despite the fact that the number of enterprises increased. This decrease is a continuation of the evolution from 2020, when, against the background of the pandemic, the largest decrease in the number of employees was recorded.
Implementarea inovaţiilor în afaceri în Republica Moldova
(INCE, 2014) Maier, Lidia
Calea inovaţională de dezvoltare pentru Republica Moldova în prezent este unica cale posibilă pentru creşterea competitivităţii afacerilor şi implicit a economiei. Însă, pentru ca această cale să fie eficientă şi de succes este necesară crearea condiţiilor favorabile pentru dezvoltarea activităţii inovaţionale. În articol au fost descrise principalele tipuri de inovaţii, reflectate percepţiile antreprenorilor din Republica Moldova faţă de implementarea inovaţiilor în afacerile lor, identificate în baza chestionarilor, s-au analizat unii indicatori, care ne permit măsurarea unor dimensiuni ale inovaţiei din ţară şi unele bariere, care actualmente stau în calea elaborării şi implementării inovaţiilor.
Incubatoarele de inovare - entităţi de susţinere a competitivităţii întreprinderilor mici şi mijlocii în economia modernă
(IEFS, 2013) Maier, Lidia
Incubatoarele de inovare sunt entitati din reteaua de infrastructuri de sustinere a intreprinderilor mici si mijlocii, care, la etapa de maxima vulnerabilitate a acestora, prin gama de servicii si facilitati acordata, asigura cresterea ratei de supravietuire a afacerilor inovative. Acestea au rolul de a atenua impactul problemelor cu care se confrunta IMM-urile, care elaboreaza si implementeaza inovatii, asigurand sustenabilitate si competitivitate. De rand cu promovarea spiritului antreprenorial, incubatoarele de inovare joaca un rol esential in promovarea transferului de cunostinte, a inovatiilor, introducerea in circuitul economic a rezultatelor cercetarii, creeaza legaturi intre mediul de afaceri, universitati, institutii de cercetare, etc., legaturi intre persoane, talente si resurse. In prezentul articol ne vom concentra atentia asupra incubatoarelor de inovare, asupra rolului acestora in dezvoltarea IMM-urilor in general in lume, precum si in RM, punand accentul in special pe crearea si dezvoltarea primului Incubator de Inovare din tara „Inovatorul”.
Infrastructura de susţinere a inovării şi transferului tehnologic şi rolul ei în dezvoltarea IMM-urilor inovative în Republica Moldova
(Complexul Editorial, INCE, 2014) Maier, Lidia; Birca, Iulita
The innovation and technology transfer process, especially in transition economies face different obstacles due to: a) insufficient financial means, as it is known that innovation always involves higher costs; b) lack of relevant state policies in this area; c) lack / insufficiency of qualified personnel in innovation, especially in innovation management experience; d) lack / insufficiency of information on innovations and existing technologies; e) lack of information on market needs in innovative products; f) the difficulty of finding partners for cooperation in the innovation and technology transfer; etc. In this context, this paper aims to highlight how these obstacles can be overcome, namely – by creating innovation and technology transfer support infrastructure.
Innovation policy in the Republic of Moldova and its impact on business development
(2018) Stratan, Alexandru; Novac, Alexandra; Maier, Lidia
In the context of the increasing role of the SMEs sector in the national economy landscape, supporting innovation activity in SMEs is imperative. In this paper our goal is to review the main policy documents on innovation, with reference to the measures aimed at stimulating innovation in SMEs; summarize the characeristics of the innovative SMEs in the Republic of Moldova. Additionally, there has been outlined the constraints faced by the participants of the technology transfer process - enterprises, researchers and intermediary institutions, based on the interviews carried out with the participation of the authors. We also examine the Republic of Moldova position in the international rankings, referring to the innovational development. The article identifies that the innovation activity is still underestimated in the Republic of Moldova, the encouragement of the innovation activity is not systemic, having a fragmentary character, with a low impact on business comunity.
Inovarea – cea mai mare provocare pentru IMM-urile din Republica Moldova
(Artifex, 2020) Maier, Lidia
In order to remain competitive and continue to grow, small and medium-sized enterprises must learn to adapt more quickly to change, to intensify their innovation activity, innovation being the biggest challenge for them. In this paper, the author analyzed the innovation activity of SMEs based on existing statistical data for the years 2017-2018, as well compared to the period 2015-2016. As a result, it was found that the innovation activity of SMEs in the Republic of Moldova remains more than modest. Compared to the previous period 2015-2016, the number of innovative SMEs has decreased significantly. In this context, it is necessary to adopt a more strategic approach of innovation, in all its aspects, to remove obstacles, to set incentives for SMEs innovation activities, which would ultimately help to create an innovation-friendly environment and would contribute to the significant improvement of the results generated by innovation.
Inovarea şi sofisticarea afacerilor în Republica Moldova
(USEM, 2015) Maier, Lidia
Articolul se bazează pe analiza factorilor și indicatorilor, care contribuie la creșterea capacității de inovare și a gradului de sofisticare a afacerilor în Republica Moldova în baza clasamentelor internaționale. Pentru a înțelege cât mai bine relația existentă între factorii stimulatori pentru creşterea competitivității economice, a locurilor de muncă şi bunăstării pe termen lung a națiunilor Forumul Economic Mondial prezintă anual tabloul competitivității globale, captând situația comparativă la momentul respectiv pentru indicatorii cheie ai dezvoltării economice – competitivitate, inovare şi antreprenoriat. Institutul European de Administrare a Afacerilor (INSEAD) si Organizația Mondiala a Proprietății Intelectuale-( WIPO, JOHNSON Cornell University vin să întregească acest tablou cu indicatorii relevanți privind inovația. Analiza acestor factori și indicatori permit înțelegerea punctelor forte și a celor slabe, identificarea oportunităților și provocărilor, riscurilor și amenințărilor în demersul inovațional al țării, ajutând la formularea de politici publice adecvate contextului dat.
Inovațiile deschise în contextul dezvoltării ecosistemului antreprenorial
(Artifex, 2021) Maier, Lidia
The crisis, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, has created major problems for the economy and society, its impact being felt very deeply at the level of small and medium enterprises. In order to overcome these problems, survive and remain competitive, SMEs need to develop innovative thinking, to combine efforts and resources to ensure the continuous financing of innovation, to create partnerships and to interact with various actors in the ecosystem in which they operate. So the crisis, being unprecedented and unintentionally, has created a challenging environment for businesses to invest in innovation as a response to the crisis. In the current situation, companies agree to work with anyone, including their competitors, to explore immediate and practical solutions to the problems caused by COVID-19. This paper provides an overview of what open innovation is and in what consists the rationale and effectiveness of open innovation, including in overcoming the crisis. Attempts have also been made to analyze some statistics and the country's position in the international rankings in order to understand the extent to which Moldovan companies adopt possible open innovation principles and use external sources in the innovation process to improve their innovation performance.
Modelarea ciclului de creare a inovaţiilor deschise şi evaluarea acestora
(INCE, 2015) Percinschi, Natalia; Maier, Lidia; Turetchi, Tatiana
În articol sunt examinate problemele privind modelarea ciclului inovaţiilor deschise. Actualitatea temei respective este condiţionată de necesitatea de a schimba modelul actual de elaborare, implementare şi comercializare a inovaţiilor în Republica Moldova pentru dezvoltarea inovaţională cu succes a economiei ţării. Scopul articolului este de a analiza experienţa străină de aplicare a modelului inovaţiilor deschise şi de a propune recomandări pentru implementarea acestuia în R. Moldova. Metodele folosite la elaborarea articolului au fost: analiza şi generalizarea literaturii de specialitate, a materialelor analitice, a altor materiale şi publicaţii la tema inovaţiilor deschise. În rezultat, au fost arătate posibilităţile de evaluare calitativă şi cantitativă a gradului de deschidere a întreprinderii către implementarea conceptului de inovaţie deschisă. S-au propus recomandări pentru funcţionarea eficientă a modelului de inovaţie deschisă în Republica Moldova.
Politica de dezvoltare a IMM-urilor: susținerea educației antreprenoriale a tinerilor din Republica Moldova
(Artifex, 2020) Novac, Alexandra; Maier, Lidia
Entrepreneurship education of young people is one of the priorities of policies around the world, being an engine of progress, and the European Commission recognizes entrepreneurship education and skills acquisition as a tool that can help young people become more entrepreneurial, develop their spirit of initiative, to acquire skills and entrepreneurial behavior. At the same time, entrepreneurship education supports young people to gain the ability to better identify and exploit the opportunities, to put ideas into practice, to plan and manage projects in order to achieve clearly set goals. In this paper, the authors review the efforts of the Republic of Moldova regarding entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial skills acquisition, taking into account the state policies, in which entrepreneurship education for young people is carried out, the programs to support the involvement of young people in entrepreneurship. Also the paper presents the results of the evaluation of the entrepreneurial education level of youngpeople in the educational institutions, obtained by the method of questioning with the participation of the authors. The results and conclusions of theevaluation can be useful for employees of public administration bodies andagencies, which regulate or are involved in the process of entrepreneurshipeducation and entrepreneurship skills acquisition.
Probleme în activitatea incubatoarelor de inovare în Republica Moldova
(INCE, 2015) Maier, Lidia
În economia modernă, cea bazată pe cunoaștere, i se acordă o atenție deosebită procesului de inovare și transfer tehnologic. Instrumentul cel mai adecvat la momentul actual pentru stimularea activității de inovare și transfer tehnologic a întreprinderilor mici și mijlocii și pentru susținerea creșterii competitivității lor în întreaga lume se consideră a fi incubarea afacerilor inovative. În Republica Moldova, de asemenea, există premise pentru dezvoltarea procesului de inovare și incubare a afacerilor inovative: a fost creat un cadru legislativ privind activitatea de inovare şi transfer tehnologic; inovarea şi transferul tehnologic, crearea şi dezvoltarea infrastructurii de inovare se află printre priorităţile politicilor şi strategiilor principale de stat, inclusiv cele ce se referă la susţinerea IMM-urilor; în ţară există unele iniţiative de introducere a culturii inovaţionale în viaţa economică, de dezvoltare a infrastructurii de susţinere a afacerilor bazate pe inovaţii, dar şi încercări stinghere de dezvoltare a cooperării dintre întreprinderi, mediul academic/universitar şi stat în cadrul incubatoarelor de inovare. Cu toate acestea, procesul decurge anevoios, iar eficienţa tuturor acestor eforturi este redusă, necorespunzând aşteptărilor principalilor actori implicaţi în activitatea de inovare, deoarece au un impact minim asupra dezvoltării sectorului IMM-urilor. În acest mod se explică actualitatea temei abordate. Scopul cercetării este de a analiza premisele și situația actuală în dezvoltarea procesului de incubare a afacerilor inovative în Republica Moldova, principalele probleme cu care se confruntă incubatoarele de inovare create în activitatea lor și de a propune măsuri de depășire a situației dificile în acest domeniu. Metodele folosite la elaborarea articolului au fost: analiza şi generalizarea literaturii de specialitate, a materialelor analitice, a actelor legislative și normativ-juridice de dezvoltare a inovării și de înființare a afacerilor inovative în Republica Moldova.
Profesiile liberale: noțiuni generale și experiența străină
(AGEPI, 2016) Percinschi, Natalia; Maier, Lidia
Profesiile liberale:noțiuni generale și experiența străină. În acest articol autorii prezintă caracteristicile, principiile fundamentale, valorile comune, definițiile profesiilor liberale, utilizate în unele țări și la nivelul Uniunii Europene, cadrul normativ pentru profesiile liberale. În condițiile Uniunii Europene, profesiile liberale sunt tratate în mod deosebit, deoarece acestea reprezintă o categorie deosebită de salariați și un pilon de bază al funcționarii oricărei economii, care nu poate fi dezvoltat decât dacă este stimulat printr-un tratament diferențiat, adecvat dublului rol economic și social, pe care profesiile liberale îl joacă, respectiv prin politici publice, administrative, fiscale sau de alta natură, clare, nediscriminatorii și menite să încurajeze, pe termen lung, această formă de antreprenoriat. Examinarea problemei în cauză s-a bazat pe un sistem simplu de abordare, folosind metodele tipice de cercetare, în principal, analiza și generalizarea experienței statelor europene, a literaturii de specialitate relevante pentru acest subiect, precum și a unor acte legislative și normativ-juridice de dezvoltare a activității persoanelor cu profesii liberale.
Programele de stat de susţinere a IMM-urilor în Republica Moldova : 20 de ani de dezvoltare
(IEFS, 2012) Aculai, Elena; Vinogradova, Natalia; Maier, Lidia
Articolul prezintă o scurtă analiză a dezvoltării programelor de stat de susţinere a întreprinderilor mici şi mijlocii, adoptate şi realizate în Republica Moldova de la începutul anilor ’90; identifică principalele tendinţe, avantajele şi restricţiile în utilizarea metodei de susţinere prin programe a întreprinderilor mici şi mijlocii în ţară.
Provocări și noi oportunități pentru creșterea competitivității Republicii Moldova în contextul celei de-a patra revoluții industriale
(Artifex, 2019) Maier, Lidia
In the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution the World Economic Forum (WEF) introduced a new index on competitiveness – The Global Competitiveness Index 4.0, which at the moment looks to be the main instrument for measuring competitiveness at the worldwide level, being at the same time one of the most important tools for argumentation and monitoring of public policies. It can be used to evaluate the policy at the national level and to argue the future actions of the decision makers, meant to determine the increase of the competitiveness and adjustment the current regulatory frameworks according to the existing problems and resources that can be exploited. In this article, it was tried to analyze the indicators, included in this index and to identify the main challenges and possibilities for increasing competitiveness of the Republic of Moldova in the context of a Fourth Industrial Revolution. However, a comparative analysis of the competitiveness of the Republic of Moldova and the competitiveness of some selected countries has been made according to the principles: these should be neighboring countries with a relative close culture, similar economic structure with some reference countries at the beginning of the transition, relative small economies with low endowment in natural resources, which have achieved high growth performance.
A second chance for entrepreneurs in the Republic of Moldova: challenges and solutions
(Complexul Editorial al INCE, 2021) Novac, Alexandra; Aculai, Elena; Maier, Lidia
The relevance of offering a second chance is determined not only by the need to mitigate the consequences of business failure and motivate the entrepreneur to continue his entrepreneurial activity, but also by the impact on the country's economy, as business closure leads to job losses, a worsening of the financial possibilities of the national and local budgets, reduction of competition and other negative trends in the internal market. The importance of these issues has increased significantly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to significant deterioration of the Moldovan business environment. The aim of the paper is to identify the barriers and needs of entrepreneurs, who face financial or other difficulties, are in a state of insolvency, have gone through restructuring/bankruptcy proceedings and would like to benefit from a second chance in Moldova. The research methodology is based on the analysis of legislative acts in the field; statistical data analysis; the results of 16 semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs on elucidating the factors that favor and hinder the entrepreneurial activity, related to obtaining a second chance in business. The interviews were conducted between April and August 2018. The research results showed that both internal factors (insufficient financial resources, knowledge of crisis management, mismanagement, insufficient staff qualification, including the entrepreneurial skills / experience of the owners, the lack of people with certain professions) and external (related to insolvency legislation, limited information on the possibilities that can be used in case of failure) are determining for taking a second chance.