Impactul ajutoarelor de stat la compensarea pagubelor situațiilor excepționale pentru fermierii din Republica Moldova

Abstract

State aid is increasingly being approached by farmers in the country when it comes to recovering damages from natural calamities. The government tries to recover part of the farmers' losses at the request of the farmers' associations or even through organized protests. We have a dual situation. the political commitments of the executive respond promptly to the farmers' requests. However, the economic rationale of aid of any kind to economic agents from the state deserves to be measured and compared for efficiency in relation to macroeconomic results in the country. The year 2024 from the point of view of meteorological conditions is an atypical year with several natural calamities, in the form of hail, drought, dust storms, late spring frosts, which directly affected the condition of crops in the Republic of Moldova. In the agricultural context, it is crucial to address the difference between "disasters by area" to effectively manage crises and ensure the sustainability of the sector. Post-surface disasters in agriculture, such as floods, droughts or devastating storms, manifest themselves in visible and immediate damage to crops and agricultural infrastructure, requiring emergency interventions. On the other hand, "compromised value" reflects the long-term impact on the integrity and viability of agricultural systems, including soil degradation, loss of biodiversity and decreased productivity. Addressing these challenges requires not only short-term remedial measures, but also sustainable strategies and structural reforms to restore and strengthen the long-term health and efficiency of the agricultural system.