Peculiarities of demographic development in Tajikistan

Abstract

The importance of the topic: The current demographic situation in Tajikistan is to some extent a continuation of the demographic behavior that took place before the collapse of the Soviet Union, especially in matters of reproductive and matrimonial behavior of the population. Currently, the population of Tajikistan is about 10.3 million people in 2024, of which the share of the labor force is -57.5%, the population under the working age is 35.9%, and the population older than the working age is 6.6%. At the same time, the latest official statistical sources show that the population growth in 2023 was - 2.1% and the total fertility rate is 3.0 in 2023. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of demographic development in Tajikistan and develop practical measures to achieve a demographic optimum. The main objectives of the research include studying the relationships between demographic phenomena and processes such as fertility, mortality, marriage, migration; modeling and forecasting these processes; developing methods for studying demographic processes and forecasting. The results: We have found that demographic development has its own characteristics in Tajikistan. The lack of productive employment, especially for women and men, a large proportion of the rural population (71%) and the preserved traditions and customs in matters of fertility serve as features of demographic development.