Importnța diversificării agriculturii Republicii Moldova în condițiile geopolitce actuale

Abstract

Economic, political and social crises, as well as frequent natural disasters, have a significant impact on agricultural entrepreneurial activity. The chronic lack of financial and labour resources, the modernization and slow implementation of innovative production technologies, as well as the low level of professional training of specialists in the respective field have significantly limited the range of agricultural crops grown in our country. As a result, cereal crops of the first and second groups are grown on two-thirds of the total arable area, technical crops - about a third, and vegetables and other oil crops occupy tiny areas. The given structure guarantees annually the obtaining of quantities of grain that exceed two to three times what is needed to provide for the population of our country. Therefore, this grain surplus is exported to foreign markets as a raw material, the realization price being very low. At the same time, in the context of the war in Ukraine, the international market is oversaturated with grain production of Ukrainian origin, transited through the territory of our country and sold at low prices. Consequently, domestic farmers found themselves unable to produce even at the respective prices. The given situation perfectly reflects the vulnerability of the narrow specialization of the domestic agricultural sector, the lack of a genuine value chain, the inability to maintain a high level of production, emphasizing, at the same time, the need to diversify the national agricultural sector.