Theoretical approaches to social vulnerability of the population

Abstract

Social vulnerability, influenced by a myriad of factors such as physical, social, economic, and environmental conditions, is a critical aspect in understanding and mitigating the impacts of natural hazards. As challenges emerge, the concept of social vulnerability evolves, necessitating updated definitions and frameworks to enhance resilience and disaster management strategies. Paper aims to review and compare various definitions and models of social vulnerability, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. By analyzing different approaches, we seek to provide a comprehensive understanding of social vulnerability and offer insights into effective strategies for reducing vulnerability and enhancing resilience. Paper employs a comparative analysis of definitions and models of social vulnerability from multiple sources. It reviews the Pressure and Release (PAR) model, Hazards-of-Place model, and indexes like the SocioEconomic Vulnerability Index (SeVI) and Built Environmental Index (BEVI). Additionally, it examines main approaches to assessing social vulnerability: demographic, taxonomic, situational, and contextual-proactive. Findings highlight the complexity and multifaceted nature of social vulnerability. Models and approaches collectively emphasize the need for interdisciplinary and communitybased strategies to address social vulnerability effectively. Integrating local knowledge, empowering vulnerable populations, and addressing social inequalities are crucial for enhancing resilience and improving disaster management. The paper was elaborated within the framework of the "Young researchers 2024-2025" competition project 24.80012.0807.09TC "Strengthening scientific and methodological support for reducing social vulnerability by increasing the level of financial inclusion of low-income groups" (2024-2025).