Development of green energy in Ukraine

Abstract

Green energy is a strategic area of development in many countries around the world, aimed at preserving natural resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and combating climate change. Green energy helps to reduce dependence on energy imports, preserve the environment, and improve the quality of life.The purpose of the study is to characterise the peculiarities of green energy development in Ukraine. Research methods are monographic, statistical, graphical and tabular, comparative analysis.Renewable energy sources include: solar energy, which is emitted by the Sun and can be collected and converted into electricity using solar panels. The use of solar energy in agriculture will help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve air and water quality, and reduce agriculture's dependence on traditional energy sources; wind energy - the use of wind energy for energy production, realized through the construction of wind turbines; geothermal energy - production of electricity through the use of potential of underground sources, such as geysers, etc. This is energy that is accumulated in the form of thermal energy under the solid layer of the earth's surface; hydropower - using the potential of water flow to generate energy. It is the most widespread source of renewable energy – accounting for more than half of the world’s renewable energy capacity; hydrogen energy is based on the use of hydrogen, the main and most common source of which is the processing of natural gas and oil; biomass energy, which results from the processing of organic materials such as wood, straw, and other agricultural byproducts. Bioenergy is the largest sector among all renewable energy sources. The development of bioenergy does not involve deforestation, environmental degradation or loss of biodiversity. The production of bioenergy from biomass increases the country's energy security, saves energy costs and brings additional income to producers. At the same time, biomass mitigates the negative impact of agricultural production by reducing emissions from agriculture.