Theoretical foundations of investment strategies for the modernization of the wine sector in the Republic of Moldova

Abstract

The wine sector represents a strategic pillar of Moldova’s national economy and a defining element of its international image, contributing significantly to rural incomes. However, it faces structural challenges related to climate change, market volatility, geopolitical instability, and insufficient sustainable investment. Modernization is therefore a strategic imperative, requiring coherent policies, efficient investments, and stronger public–private cooperation. Increasing productivity, meeting contemporary standards of quality and sustainability, and diversifying external markets demand investments in production reorganization, intensive and digitalized practices, and sustainable infrastructure. Based on a solid theoretical framework, this study analyzes investment strategies in the Moldovan wine sector and proposes a classification of modernization investments according to sustainability and economic efficiency, emphasizing those essential for long-term, intelligent development.