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    Analysis of the Estimation and Impact Methodology of Tax Evasion for Industrial Entities
    (Springer, 2023) Sargu, Nicu; Valeeva, Yulia; Timus, Angela; Yelesin, Evgeny
    The paper is focused on the phenomenon of tax evasion, its effects and ways of sizing it. The objective includes a fundamental theoretical analysis study of the methodological part focused on the indicator of fiscal pressure. In the work, the authors presented the causal links between taxation, fiscal pressure and fiscal evasion, how these phenomena are measured at the macro and micro economic level. Studying the causes and effects of tax evasion manifested at the country and organization/entity level, the researchers mentioned the financial position, financial performance and cash flows as elements to reduce tax fraud. For this, different formulas for calculating tax pressure and tax evasion have been established, presented and systematized to reduce tax pressure through the financial performance of the entity.
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    Evolution of research and development expenditure at global, regional and national levels
    (Center for Studies in European Integration (CSEI), Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova (ASEM), 2020) Railean, Veronica; Timus, Angela
    Currently, the funding system of the research sector around the world has undergone impressive structural changes. The purpose of this study is to present the evolution of research and development expenditures: total, regionally, by leading countries and in the Republic of Moldova. The analysis of global expenditures for research and development, over a period of 15 years, highlighted their doubling.
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    Estimarea costurilor producţiei știinţifice rezultate din proiecte din cadrul Programului de Stat (2020-2023) din Republica Moldova
    (2023) Railean, Veronica; Timus, Angela
    The purpose of the study is to describe a method for estimating the investment and capitalization costs related to the scientifi c products obtained in the organizations belonging to the research sector of the Republic of Moldova. The general research methods are: offi ce research, deduction and induction, mathematical-analytical. The paper presents an analysis of the estimation of costs for scientifi c products based on strategic priorities, as well as a case study on the estimation of the capitalization costs of the scientifi c results of a project from the State Program for the years 2020-2022. The result of the research shows that depending on the strategic priority, the average cost per scientifi c result varies, and the total cost of the State Program is 39.9 thousand MDL per scientifi c result. Scopul studiului constă în descrierea metodei de estimare a costurilor de investiţii și de capitalizare aferente producţiei știinţifi ce obţinute la organizaţiile care fac parte din sectorul de cercetare din Republica Moldova. Metodele generale de cercetare sunt: cea a cercetării de birou, cea a deducţiei și inducţiei, precum și cea matematico-analitică. În lucrare sunt prezentate o analiză a estimării costurilor producţiei știinţifi ce pe priorităţi strategice, precum și un studiu de caz privind estimarea costurilor de capitalizare ale rezultatelor știinţifi ce ale unui proiect din Programul de Stat pentru anii 2020-2022. În urma cercetării se constată că, în funcţie de prioritatea strategică, costul mediu per rezultat știinţifi c variază, iar costul total pe Programul de Stat constituie 39,9 mii lei per rezultat știinţific.
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    Practical considerations regarding the treasury budget of the enterprise
    (2017) Tirlea, Mariana Rodica; Timus, Angela
    The treasury budget belongs to the category of the company's synthesis budgets and it represents a tool for financial planning in the financial management system of cash and the financial control that illustrates the inflows and outflows. According to the legal regulations, the treasury budget of the enterprise is a compulsory budget that must be periodically drawn, respectively at financial year level, quarters, decades, semi decade, days, which reflects the accumulation and decrease of cash. Treasury budget is a management tool for forecasting. Cash management efficiency entails increasing of the receivables speed, performing payments at maturity date, in consequence the synchronization of cash flows.
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    The estimation of insurance potential: methodological analysis
    (2017) Timus, Angela; Ungur, Cristina
    The development of the insurance sector is a priority for economies around the world, especially for the emerging economies due to their capacity to engage in investment activities. Insurance markets are recognized worldwide as important financial market actors and as factors of economic growth generation. Investment possibilities are determined by impressive financial resources managed by insurance companies. In this article we would like to analyze the factors that determine insurance investment sources and present instruments for analyzing insurance companies' investment potential.
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    The digitization of money - challenges and opportunities for the global economy
    (2017) Timofei, Olga
    In modern society the majority of existing problems and solutions are related to money. Sustainable economic development depends to a major extent on the functionality of monetary financial laws, principles, methods and monetary instruments. Given the role of money held in economy, the problem of controlling the volume of money supply and management of its circulation has been widely studied by economists and researchers all times, each time facing new economic and social realities. The recent development of digital technologies is really a major new challenge not only for society and the whole economy, but also for monetary authorities, and policy promoted by them and economic thought in general. The new digital payment systems, currencies generated by their appearance, which essentially represent something completely different from traditional coin, are innovations that could create new problems for the authorities, problems that need to be identified and resolved in a timely manner. Regardless of whether the crypto-currency is still at an early stage, its occurrence and development cannot be neglected or bounded. The paper aims at presenting digital currency, considering its advantages and disadvantages, as well as its place in the global economy.
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    Role of informational technology in increasing voluntary compliance by taxpayers
    (”Independenţa Economică”, 2017) Iordachi, Victoria; Timus, Angela
    The primary objective of fiscal administration is to encourage, facilitate and maintain a high degree of voluntary compliance by taxpayers which will allow concentrating resources on identifying and dealing with those taxpayers who fail to fully comply with their tax obligations. At the same time, for fiscal authorities tax systems based on turnover imply a high risk of evasion because taxpayers can easily submit false data. Particularly, in case of cash transactions, the problem of detecting cases of under- declaring becomes a real challenge. In foreign practice, promotion of measures to combat tax evasion is part of a wider program to support the business environment through reduction of tax burden and encouragement of payment compliance, as well as to ensure a competitive business environment, which will be undistorted by unfair competition. To accomplish this purpose, in developed countries, tax administrations have for years been appealing for technological advances implemented in private sector. At the same time, in developing countries, the opportunities that technology offers are more elusive. This article relates some of practices used by fiscal authorities to encourage tax declaring, especially by small business and self-employed, as well as measures that are based on civic consciousness.
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    The role of the inflation expectations in the monetary policy promoting
    ("Victor Slăvescu" Centre for Financial and Monetary Research, 2017) Cociug, Victoria; Hinev, Olga
    This article reviewed the defining aspects of the inflation expectations with their repercussions on the monetary policy efficiency, being considered in the current economy a decisive channel of the monetary policy transmission mechanism to the real economy. The accents were put on the typology and the determinants of inflation expectations in the context of their estimation methods. The practical research focused on the study of inflation expectations in the light of the international experience, as well as it has been formulated some reflections on the anchoring of inflation expectations in the Republic of Moldova on the nature of their compatibility with the domestic monetary policy. The analyses conducted confirm that the inflation expectations in the Republic of Moldova are considerably dependent on the transparency of the monetary policy promoted by the National Bank of Moldova, along with the National Bank of Moldova's commitment to ensuring the inflation target goal.
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    The bank value estimation problem
    ("Victor Slăvescu" Centre for Financial and Monetary Research, 2017) Cociug, Victoria; Postolache, Victoria
    This article reports to the main issues in evaluating bank costs and identifying factors have influence on. The necessity of bank evaluating may occur at various times, such during its merger or purchase, but also during reorganization or insolence sanitation of a financial institution. In such a case, the correct assessment of the bank value could lead to positive synergy effects; assessment errors might have disastrous social effects through its depositors ‗debt undervaluing. The article contains analysis of the main models of bank costs, correlated with the needs of this evaluation, and also their reporting during the evaluation of Moldova‘s bank costs in the process of selling its shares.
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    New trends in fiscal stimulation evaluation
    (,,Victor Slăvescu” Centre For Financial And Monetary Research, 2017) Timus, Angela; Cociug, Victoria; Afteni, Laura
    Fiscal and budgetary policy reflects the state's choice for necessary actions to be taken in order to ensure the population welfare and sustainable economic growth, naturally involving revenue mobilization and public spending. The insurance of a long-term macroeconomic growth is driven by several specific mechanisms and instruments, one representing the reduction of fiscal pressure by applying a system of tax incentives.Practically, all countries stipulate in their fiscal policies a robust set of instruments of special regimes, incentives and fiscal facilities to encourage the taxpayer to launch or consolidate his business to generate higher tax levy in the future. Such policies support sustainable economic growth, facilitate R & D-innovation, especially SMEs involved, eco-energy industries and high-value commodities, start-ups in IT, support scientific and technical progress. Applying tax incentives through their incentive function involves transferring public revenue over the next period, as a result of reducing budget funding capacity, while many researchers and experts qualify postponement of revenue with a "budget expense". In this context, we intend to study in this paper the good practices of applying tax incentives in stable economies and in those aspiring to a higher level of development to identify models for assessing their impact on the budget, and implicitly on sustainable growth. The result of these researches will also be the identification of an optimal model for assessing tax incentives in the context of the specificity of the economy of the Republic of Moldova and the formulation of recommendations on the way of its implementation in order to regulate business stimulation policies by diminishing the fiscal pressure.