International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization" = Conferinţa Internaţională Ştiinţifico-Practică „Creşterea economică în condiţiile globalizării”
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Item Risk rating from road traffic accident fatalities for the world insurance sector(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Çankaya, Mehmet Niyazi; Özen, ErcanTraffic insurance is a system that compensates the insured for various damages that may arise due to accidents. Insurance companies finance these damages with the premiums received from the insured. Suitable insurance premium tariff. It keeps the customer demand in optimum balance and at the same time affects the financial success of the insurance company. Therefore, there is a need for optimal pricing. In order for insurance companies to establish the optimal risk-pricing balance, they need to rate the risks. Rating the mortality risks due to traffic accidents also allows insurance companies to price appropriate premiums. For this reason, the aim of this study is to rate the global traffic accident related mortality risks by countries. This study examines the global distribution of road traffic mortality by analyzing data from 231 countries using the DBSCAN algorithm. By classifying the number of deaths per 100,000 population, we identify patterns of similarity and show that countries can be grouped into 27, 8 or even as few as 7 distinct classes, depending on the tuning parameters of the DBSCAN algorithm. These results suggest that, despite the large number of countries, road traffic fatalities show similar patterns that can be attributed primarily to human factors. The classification highlights the importance of focusing on vehicle and driver-related issues rather than infrastructure, which appears to be less of a differentiating factor between countries. This findings have important implications for policy makers and insurance companies aiming to reduce the number of road deaths through targeted interventions.Item The effects of stockpiling on businesses and consumers during the Covid-19 pandemic: advantages and disadvantages(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Ataser, Mesut; Ozen, ErcanThe Covid-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted businesses and consumers worldwide triggering significant changes in supply chains and marketing strategies. Particularly, the emergence of stockpiling at the onset of the pandemic has created both challenges and opportunities. This study aims to understand the effects of products stockpiling during the Covid-19 pandemic on businesses and consumers. Specifically, it investigates the reasons behind the increased stockpiling and examines its implications for business operations and consumer shopping behaviors. The research includes a literature review and various survey studies conducted to understand business and consumer behaviors during the Covid-19 period. The literature review synthesized findings from previous studies to analyze the effects of stockpiling on businesses and consumers. Survey studies aimed to gather real-world data by directly engaging with business Owners and consumers. Findings indicate that product stockpiling provides short term Advantages for does but leads to long term challenges in supply chain management and cost increases. For consumers stockpiling creates a sense of security during uncertain times but contributes to supply shortages and price fluctuations. These results contributed significantly to strategic management and consumer behavior studies during Crisis periods.Item Dezvoltarea cooperației de consum din Republica Moldova din perspectiva integrării europene(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Savga, LarisaCooperatives play a vital role in contemporary society due to their significant impact on socioeconomic development. They are key actors in the social economy, contributing substantially to occupational and inclusion policies and the development of local communities. Despite their considerable potential, cooperatives currently occupy a relatively minor position in broader economic and social policies and practices. Republic of Moldova's status as a candidate country (2022) and the initiation of European Commission accession (2023) have placed the nation on a new developmental trajectory. This shift emphasizes aligning economic and social policies, including those related to cooperatives, with community priorities and objectives. Concurrently, cooperatives in Moldova face numerous challenges, including economic, financial, regulatory, environmental, and governmental cooperation issues. These challenges necessitate a new vision for cooperative development, based on a systemic, innovative, and holistic approach. This research aims to analyze the current situation and trends in the development of consumer cooperatives in the Republic of Moldova. It evaluates European policies and practices in the cooperative sector to assess their applicability in Moldova and identifies strategic priorities and actions for the cooperative system's development. The research employs a comprehensive methodology. The main result of this research is the elaboration of the "Strategy for the Development of Consumer Cooperatives in the Republic of Moldova, 2025- 2030." Implementing this strategy will enhance the cooperative sector's growth and increase its contribution to sustainable economic and social development.Item Study on the influence of climate change on agricultural crops(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Manolache, Alexandra MarinaClimate change is having a significant impact on agricultural production around the world, affecting crops, cultivated area and yield. These climate changes include changes in temperature and precipitation, extreme weather events, and changes in regional weather patterns. Climate change brings major challenges for agriculture, with a significant negative impact on farmland, productivity and food security. In this regard, it is necessary to adapt through sustainable agricultural practices, the use of advanced technologies and the implementation of climate risk management strategies, to support and improve agricultural production in a changing climate. Climate change is one of the most pressing global issues of our time. They are manifested by significant and long-lasting changes in weather patterns, global temperatures and the distribution of climatic phenomena. The virtual certainty that climate and CO2 will continue to develop in the future raises many questions about food security, one of which is whether the aggregate productivity of global agriculture will be affected. Climate change is not only affecting crop yields, but also the areas where they are grown. Extreme weather events such as storms, heat waves, and floods can damage crops and make certain areas unsuitable for farming. In addition, changes in rainfall and temperature regimes can lead to changes in the geographical distribution of crops, forcing farmers to adapt to new climatic conditions.Item Sporirea competitivității în sectorul agricol prin tehnologie: de la tradiții spre Agricultura 4.0(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Cojocaru, AdrianThe growth of the population on Earth, increasing demand for affordable food, rising costs of production factors, labour shortage in farming; all these lead to huge transformations in the agricultural sector. Artificial intelligence is increasingly applied in precision agriculture and the robotization of farming process. Similarly, block-chain technologies contribute towards increasing the efficiency of agribusiness management and ensuring the products traceability. The purpose of this research is to identify the main trends at the global level in the field of technologies that have a decisive impact on increasing agricultural productivity and competitiveness, as well as to understand how much the Republic of Moldova is integrated in these trends. The research methodology was focused on the analysis of the works regarding the impact of technologies on agricultural competitiveness, indepth interviews with agricultural producers and technology suppliers from the Republic of Moldova, as well as the study of online sources showing how the respective technologies are implemented. Although the Republic of Moldova is not among the pioneers in terms of the development of intelligent solutions for agriculture, there are solid premises in the country for an accelerated transition to Agriculture 4.0.Item The development of peri-urban areas in Romania: a case study of Suceava Municipality(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Matei, DanielaIn the rural areas located in the vicinity of cities, rapid physical, social, and economic transformations are occurring, gradually leading to changes in the structure of the rural economy. Although each city and its associated periurban areas present different expansion models, from an economic point of view, they are all marked by changes in local economic structures, employment, spatial development patterns, and rising land costs. These dynamics are driving the reconfiguration of Suceava Municipality's peri-urban entrepreneurship, shifting from the predominance of agricultural activities towards goods production and services, in line with the development needs of the polarizing city. Using structural indicators of the peri-urban active population, levels of capital expenditure, and the operational budgets of rural communities, changes in their economy were identified, closely correlated with accessibility to the urban labour market and capital investments from the functional urban areas of cities in the North-East Development Region of Romania. The results show an increase in the average number of employees in peri-urban communes, as well as a diversification in economic activities.Item Impedimentele întâmpinate de fermierii din agricultura organică în accesarea subvențiilor în Republica Moldova(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Cosalic, DianaThe Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union regulates the field of "organic farming" as a strategic priority for the 2022-2027 development period. Additionally, the member countries of the European Union have set a priority objective to increase the agricultural areas of organic farming up to 25% of the total cultivated agricultural land, by the year 2030. To date, the Republic of Moldova has not approved a similar objective, but identified a mechanism to stimulate the maintenance of agricultural land in the ecological circuit and increase of those areas. Starting with the year 2005, when the Government of the Republic of Moldova approved the policy for the development and stimulation of organic farming, initiated the process of identifying and monitoring farmers practicing organic farming. During the same period, the process of subsidizing agricultural land under organic farming and refunding of 20% of ecologically certified and marketed products also initiated. As the Government of the Republic of Moldova strives to identify financial resources to stimulate farmers in organic farming, producers and/or processors make considerable efforts to apply modern soil management technologies, increase productivity, generate income, and achieve profitability.Item European funds for rural development: a sustainable vision for Romania(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Prigoreanu, Ioan; Sargu, Lilia; Ignat, GabrielaThe future of rural areas requires a change of perception and a new vision, whereby these areas are seen as spaces with potential for various economic activities beyond agriculture. This new approach should also be reflected in the way the European Union funds rural areas through local and regional administrations. EU funds are particularly effective in tackling specific problems such as pollution, unsustainable agriculture, lack of essential services (such as health and education), poverty and unemployment. However, in the face of other challenges prioritized by the European Union as priorities for rural areas (e.g. ageing population, demographic decline, migration, the rise of populist movements or lack of public transport), European funding is perceived as relatively ineffective in providing solutions. Rural areas also face specific constraints in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and ecological footprint, as dispersed dwellings are often not retrofitted to make efficient use of natural resources and reduce pollution. The main objectives of the study include: identifying the research topic and funding policies in rural areas, defining the area of analysis and the capacity to identify EU policies in these areas, carrying out assessments and establishing frameworks for the analysis of EU rural policies.Item Dynamics of agro-environmental indicators at the level of Romania in the period 2014-2023(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Giuca, Andreea DanielaThe agricultural sector is the main user of natural resources, with agricultural production generating negative environmental impact and problems, both inside and outside the agricultural holdings. This situation increases the sensitivity of agriculture to risks that can cause serious economic losses. Considering the environmental problems facing the agricultural sector today, it is necessary to study the impact of agricultural activities on the environment, through an analysis of agro-environmental indicators. Over the past 20 years, numerous agri-environmental indicators have been developed by agronomist engineers, ecologists and economists to assess the impact of agricultural practices on the environment and to monitor the effects of agri-environment policies. This paper aims to present the dynamics of agromedium indicators at the level of Romania in the period 2014-2023, based on the data provided by the National Institute of Statistics (INS). Eight series of indicators were taken into account in this work: the area equipped with irrigation works and the irrigated agricultural area, the area equipped with drainage works, the area equipped with improvement works and combating soil erosion, the area on which fertilizers were applied chemical and natural, the amount of chemical fertilizers by category of fertilizers used in agriculture, the amount of natural fertilizers used in agriculture, the surface on which pesticides were applied, the amount of pesticides applied in agriculture.Item Transition to sustainable agricultural production systems(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Ursu, AnaThe transition to sustainable agricultural production systems is supported by programmes, strategies and action plans. Funding mechanisms are provided by the Common Agricultural Policy, both through Pillar I and Pillar II. In agriculture, the transition from conventional to organic farming generates costs. These costs vary according to the type of crop, the size of the farm, the existing infrastructure, the level of knowledge and skills of the farmer. The study aims to determine the costs of transitioning from conventional wheat cultivation to organic farming. The study involves a quantitative analysis of secondary data to assess the current situation of organic farming at European level, identification of the types of transition costs, budgeting of wheat activity, comparative analysis of production costs, profitability, etc. The results contribute to understanding the transition costs associated with organic farming and to informing decisions to ensure an efficient, sustainable and durable transition.