Analize și prognoze economice
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Item Rolul creditării bancare în finanțarea întreprinderilor din Republica Moldova(2023) Ianioglo, AlinaThe article reveals the problem of SMEs access to finance and the role played by banks in financing entrepreneurial activity. The purpose of the research is to analyse the role of bank lending in financing enterprises in the Republic of Moldova. Research methods used: literature review, analysis of statistical data, comparison and synthesis. It was determined that banks are the main providers of external financing for businesses. At the same time, enterprises encounter difficulties in accessing bank loans due to high interest rates, collateral requirements. Thus, in the current economic conditions, a number of SMEs encountered difficulties in paying loans. It was stated that in addition to improving the accessibility of traditional sources of financing, it is important to diversify and promote alternative sources of financing.Item Alternative de finanțare a afacerii în Republica Moldova(INCE, 2022) Ianioglo, AlinaFinancing business activities represent one of the pressing issues. In current conditions of digital transformation and difficulties in accessing traditional financing, alternative sources of finance acquire a special importance. At the same time, the knowledge regarding alternative finance market in the Republic of Moldova is yet in its infancy. Therefore, the article aims at exploring modern trends, issues and opportunities of alternative finance in the Republic of Moldova. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a mixed research approach, based on both primary and secondary data, was used: analysis of statistical data, international rankings, comparison, synthesis, deduction. There was determined the impact of different sources of finance on entrepreneurship development. The alternative finance market in the Republic of Moldova was analysed, showing that despite a rise in recent years, alternative sources of financing are still poorly developed.Item Tendințe actuale în dezvoltarea producției de cireșe în Republica Moldova(INCE, 2022) Ceban, Alexandru; Lucasenco, EugeniaIn recent years, the production of cherries in the Republic of Moldova has been constantly increasing, reaching a significant share in the horticultural field in terms of area and share of value in the total value of agricultural production. The development of this sector has impacted the focus of many investors and experts from the agrarian sector, proved by the fact that during the period 2016-2021 it has contributed to the increase of both, the average yield per hectare by approximately more than 3 times in agricultural enterprises and peasant farms and the actual cherry production by more than 30% in all categories of agricultural entities. Foreign trade in cherries is represented by a positive trade balance, but there are also some specific risks related to this product that will be further investigated in this paper. The purpose of the work is to carry out an analysis of the situation related to the production of cherries in the Republic of Moldova, as well as the presentation of some trends in the development of the sector. Analytical, descriptive and comparative research methods allowed the formulation of conclusions regarding the current state of the sector. Although the average yield per hectare in the analyzed period increased significantly, the occuring fluctuations of this coefficient lead us to the conclusion that there are still increased risks specific for production of cherries that deserve to be removed in order to obtain a profitable business.Item Situational analysis of social inclusion policies for people with disabilities in the Republic of Moldova(ASEM, 2021) Gutium, TatianaThe quality of life of people with disabilities is one of the problems facing modern society. The object of research is the situation of people with disabilities. The study investigated the following issues: the structure and dynamics of people with disabilities in the Republic of Moldova, medical and social aspects of disability, the legal basis for the interaction between society and people with disabilities, relation between people with disabilities and civil society. The main purpose of the study is an analysis of social inclusion policies of people with disabilities promoted in the Republic of Moldova. The study has been carried out within the project of the State Program 20.80009.0807.29 “Improving the application mechanisms of the innovative instruments oriented towards the sustainable growth of the well-being of population of the Republic of Moldova”.Item Analiza comerțului exterior cu fructe al Republicii Moldova(INCE, 2022) Ceban, AlexandruExportul de fructe deține o cota semnificativa din totalul exporturilor de produse agroalimentare, care, la randul lor, dețin o cota impunatoare in totalul comerțului extern. Acest segment al agriculturii, printr-un șir de beneficii, determina o tendința de perspective pozitive pentru domeniul dat și din an in an atrage tot mai mulți specialiști și persoane de afaceri din domeniul agrar gata pentru a investi și a dezvolta direcția data. Balanța comerciala pozitiva ce o deține Republica Moldova in segmentul respectiv demonstreaza faptul ca țara este capabila de a face fața concurenței, insa acest fapt nu semnifica ca potențialul este realizat pe deplin. Pe de alta parte, exista și riscuri care trebuie luate in considerație ce sunt specifice sectorului creșterii și comercializarii fructelor. Lucrarea urmarește scopul de a efectua o analiza a situației ce ține de comerțul extern cu fructe. Metodele de cercetare folosite pentru articolul dat sunt: analitica, descriptiva, comparativa, precum și prin prisma indicatorului Avantajul Comparativ Relevat. Aceste metode au permis de a efectua o analiza a sectorului, de a identifica punctele forte și cele slabe și de a formula unele concluzii cu privire la situația comerțului cu fructe la etapa actuala.Item Analysis of the legislation of the Republic of Moldova in the customs field: strengths, weaknesses(Performantica, 2020) Gutium, MirceaIn the article we systematize the legislation of the Republic of Moldova in the custom field and also analyse the impact of electronic declaration on import and export of the Republic of Moldova. Customhouses taxes has become an indispensable factor for the development of the national economy, as well as electronic tools for accelerating taxes collection. According to estimates, most part of gross domestic product is collecting from customhouse taxes of import. The customs policy aims at ensuring the efficiency of customs operations, regulating the exchange of goods on the customs territory of the Republic of Moldova, contributing to solving political and trade problems regarding the protection of the internal market and stimulating the development of the national economy. At the end of the article, we identified the strengths and weaknesses of customs legislation and were elaborated the recommendations.Item Implementation of the foreign trade policy of the Republic of Moldova(Performantica, 2020) Gutium, TatianaInternational trade relationships are taking place in complicate conditions, like: geopolitical problems, military outbreaks, sanctions, huge flows of emigrants, the negative impact of the Covid-19 pandemic situation on national economies. In the competition for sales markets, countries use various economic policy instruments. The main objective of the study is the elaboration of recommendations that will increase efficiency of the foreign trade policy of the Republic of Moldova and the increase of the domestic goods’ competitiveness. In order to achieve the objective, the following research methods were used: analysis and synthesis, quantitative and qualitative analysis, comparative analysis, systemic method. According to the results of the analysis of the implementation of the National Strategy for Attracting Investments and Promoting Exports for the years 2016 - 2020, was developed a set of measures and recommendations in order to increase the efficiency of trade policy of the Republic of Moldova and goods’ competitiveness.Item Взаимосвязь между конкурентоспособностью и благосостоянием(2020) Gutium, Tatiana; Colesnicova, TatianaIn the context of globalization, the openness of most economies, the challenge is to increase the competitiveness of the national economy. At the same time, the quality of life of the population is an essential component of competitiveness. Therefore, the authors set themselves the task of assessing the relationship between competitiveness and welfare. In the research process, the method of correlation-regression analysis was used. The authors concluded that there is a close direct relationship between competitiveness, sustainable development and welfare.Item Влияние COVID-19 на экономическую деятельность Республики Молдова(2021) Gutium, TatianaПандемия повлияла на экономику Республики Молдова. Во-первых, были парализованы продажи в непосредственно торговых точках, что привело к ускоренному переходу на онлайн-торговлю. В этой конкурентной гонке онлайн-магазины, которые были ориентированы на торговлю через сеть изначально, получили преимущество. В то же время,та же онлайн-торговля не была в состоянии покрыть спрос в связи с приостановкой поставок из-за границы. Туризм пострадал больше всех, так как специфика данной отрасли не предполагает возможности оказания услуг на расстоянии. Рынок труда так же подвергся изменениям. Такие отрасли как туризм и общественное питание больше не нуждались в том же количестве персонала, как и до пандемии, что привело к росту безработицы и негативно сказалось на общем спросе на товары и услуги. Часть компаний смогла перейти в онлайнрежим, что в свою очередь повлияло на рынок аренды недвижимости и спрос на средства для дистанционной коммуникации.Item Aspecte privind discrepanța dintre cererea și oferta pe piața muncii în Republica Moldova(Artifex, 2020) Ianioglo, AlinaHuman capital represents a key resource for the development of the national economy. At the same time, the discrepancy between supply and demand in the labor market is one of the stringent constraints. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problem of the discrepancy between the qualifications of workers and the needs of the labor market, as well as to identify trends in the labor market for determining main skills of the future. The analysis of the quality of human capital and the discrepancy between the supply and demand of the labor force showed a weak level of the quality of the professional training, not being registered a significant improvement of the situation in the field. The results of the study may be useful for decision makers and may serve as a basis for further research.