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Item A second chance for entrepreneurs in the Republic of Moldova: challenges and solutions(Complexul Editorial al INCE, 2021) Novac, Alexandra; Aculai, Elena; Maier, LidiaThe relevance of offering a second chance is determined not only by the need to mitigate the consequences of business failure and motivate the entrepreneur to continue his entrepreneurial activity, but also by the impact on the country's economy, as business closure leads to job losses, a worsening of the financial possibilities of the national and local budgets, reduction of competition and other negative trends in the internal market. The importance of these issues has increased significantly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to significant deterioration of the Moldovan business environment. The aim of the paper is to identify the barriers and needs of entrepreneurs, who face financial or other difficulties, are in a state of insolvency, have gone through restructuring/bankruptcy proceedings and would like to benefit from a second chance in Moldova. The research methodology is based on the analysis of legislative acts in the field; statistical data analysis; the results of 16 semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs on elucidating the factors that favor and hinder the entrepreneurial activity, related to obtaining a second chance in business. The interviews were conducted between April and August 2018. The research results showed that both internal factors (insufficient financial resources, knowledge of crisis management, mismanagement, insufficient staff qualification, including the entrepreneurial skills / experience of the owners, the lack of people with certain professions) and external (related to insolvency legislation, limited information on the possibilities that can be used in case of failure) are determining for taking a second chance.Item Principalii factori determinanţi ai mediului de afaceri în Republica Moldova(Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM, 2014) Aculai, Elena; Veverita, Valentina; Vinogradova, NataliaÎn articol sunt examinate principiile de bază ale abordării, elaborate de autori, faţă de evaluarea mediului de afaceri, cu accent pe principalii factori care determină schimbarea acestuia. Succint sunt examinate rezultatele evaluării mediului de afaceri în Republica Moldova, obţinute în baza chestionării antreprenorilor. Sunt identificate tendinţele schimbării principalilor factori în perioada anilor 2011-2013.Item SME support policy in the Republic of Moldova and assessment of its impact on business development(INCE, 2018) Aculai, Elena; Stratan, Alexandru; Novac, AlexandraEstablishment and legal development of small private businesses in the Republic of Moldova became possible only since the 90s at the initial stage of market reforms. Despite the absence of a regulatory framework for business development in this period, the rapid growth in the number of small enterprises has been noted. Although the owners of newly established, privatized and reorganized small enterprises (SE) were lacking in business knowledge, and public administration employees did not have a clear understanding of the role of small and medium enterprises (SMEs)in the economy, however, already in 1992-1994 the basics of entrepreneurship development policy have been laid. Over the last years, state policy aimed at supporting SMEs has been developed considerably in the Republic of Moldova, but the business environment is not favorable enough. The paper presents the multifaceted analysis of the state support policy of SMEs in the Republic of Moldova and the assessment of its impact on the business from different perspectives – government, international ratings and entrepreneurs. The results of the research revealed that, quite a large number of entrepreneurs over the years pointed to deterioration in the business environment conditions; however, the opinions of certain groups of entrepreneurs vary significantly. This means that the government's economic policy does not consider enough the entrepreneurs’ opinion regarding the general business climate changes, as well as the specific problems faced by different groups of entrepreneurs. The research methodology is based on an analysis of statistical data; the legal framework and policy documents; the main international rankings, as well as the results of surveys of different groups of Moldovan entrepreneurs – women, young people, people with disabilities, which were implemented with the participation of the authors in the period 2016-2017.Item Dezvoltarea educaţiei antreprenoriale a tinerilor în cadrul instituţiilor de învăţământ profesional tehnic secundar din Republica Moldova(INCE, 2018) Aculai, Elena; Novac, Alexandra; Deliu, NataliaЕducaţiа antreprenorială este una din direcţiile moderne şi promiţătoare de dezvoltare a sistemului educaţional în ţările europene, inclusiv şi în Republica Moldova. Formarea aptitudinilor antreprenoriale extinde oportunităţile pentru studenţi, în special pentru tineri, în desfăşurarea unei activităţi independente sau crearea propriei micro-afaceri, astfel îmbunătăţind bunăstarea lor, autorealizarea şi calitatea vieţii lor. În cadrul materialului prezentat se analizează procesul de formare antreprenorială în cadrul sistemului de învăţământ profesional tehnic secundar, care se dezvoltă activ în Republica Moldova începând cu anul 2012. În special, sunt evaluate principalele documente de reglementare, juridice şi metodologice, care au stat la baza introducerii cursului de educaţie antreprenorială; este prezentată contribuţia instituţiilor care au asigurat acest proces; a fost analizată prima experienţă de constituire a afacerii şi asigurarea unei activităţi independente pentru absolvenţii instituțiilor de învățământ profesional tehnic secundar. Ca bază a rezultatelor şi concluziilor a servit sondajul absolvenţilor instituţiilor de învăţământ profesional tehnic secundar, care au studiat cursul de educare antreprenorială. Studiul a fost implementat în anii 2016-2017 cu participarea activă a autorilor.Item Влияние иностранной собственности на показатели деятельности предприятий(INCE, 2014) Aculai, Elena; Isakova, NinaPolitica de stat de dezvoltare a afacerilor poate fi de succes, în cazul, în care aceasta ține cont de specificul anumitor grupe de întreprinderi. În articol este expus rezultatul cercetării, care a permis de a identifica, care grupe de întreprinderi într-o măsură relativ mai mare asigură creșterea principalilor indicatori economici. Abordarea este realizată în baza rezultatelor chestionării antreprenorilor, realizată în cadrul Institutului Național de Cercetări Economice al Academiei de Științe a Moldovei (INCE). Corelațiile cantitative identificate au arătat, că întreprinderile, în capitalul cărora este prezentă proprietatea străina, semnificativ mai frecvent sunt orientate spre creșterea principalilor indicatori rezultativi ai afacerilor.