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    Perspective and development challenges of ecological agriculture in the Republic of Moldova
    (2023) Popa, Viorica; Tirigan, Sergiu; Filimon, Oleg
    The sustainability of the agricultural system has become a concern in the Republic of Moldova, a country with one of the highest rates in Europe of the share of agricultural land in total and of the role of the sector in the economy and external trade balance. Although the agricultural sector of the country registered important growth and potential based on the application of green revolution technology, the adverse impact on the environment, erosion of natural resources, and vulnerability to climate represent a challenge that is affecting the country's social and economic development perspectives. Organic agriculture plays an important role in the extension of the application and promotion of sustainable production practices, and the extension of this production scheme is a determinant for the achievement of the sustainable development objectives of the agricultural sector of the country. The study explores factors that are limiting and factors that are facilitating the development of the organic food sector in the Republic of Moldova. Comparative qualitative analyses covering EU and Moldova are summarized into analyses of co-variation between policies, regulations, institutional setup and organic sector development trends, focusing on the determination of the key milestones and driven factors. The authors also used a qualitative approach based on focus group interviews with agriculture producers, mostly focused on organic producers or producers who are evaluating the opportunities to initiate conversion to organic agriculture, to evaluate the factors influencing farmers' willingness and limiting factors from their perspective. This study was developed within the framework of Subprogram 030101 „Strengthening the resilience, competitiveness, and sustainability of the economy of the Republic of Moldova in the context of the accession process to the European Union”, institutional funding.
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    Tranziția energetică: provocări, tendințe și soluții
    (INCE, 2022) Popa, Viorica; Popa, Nicolae
    At the global level, humanity is faced with the problem of excessive consumption of energy resources. The challenges of the energy sector are complex: capitalizing on renewable energy sources, reducing energy consumption from fossil sources, increasing energy efficiency measures to reduce energy consumption, as well as reducing CO2 emissions. In recent years, energy efficiency is one way we have to contribute to maintaining the sustainability of the planet. Energy is an input like any other used in the production process, no doubt for this reason, what is sought with its efficient use is to produce more while spending less energy. Energy efficiency is generally based on the optimization of consumption, which involves the search for the lowest energy intensity, a "rational use of energy", through more efficient processes and means. The objective of the study is to analyze the opportunities offered by energy efficiency as well as intelligent solutions adapted to the conditions of the national economy. The hypothesis is formulated starting from the results presented in the literature analysis section and consists in the fact that one of the basic rules of the energy efficiency transition is the exploitation of renewable energy sources in new resources for other industries. This study was developed within the State Program 20.80009.0807.22 "Development of the mechanism for formation of the circular economy in the Republic of Moldova” funded from the state budget through the National Agency for Research and Development of the Republic of Moldova.
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    The access to finance in Moldova - banking compared to microfinance organizations
    (“Victor Slăvescu” Centre for Financial and Monetary Research, 2013) Popa, Viorica
    The objective of this article is the comparative analysis of the banking sector with the non-bank sector of the Republic of Moldova, by the elucidation of the main trends of development of microfinance and banking institution in the last five years, as being reflected by the improvement of all indicators. In this article, the author analyses the microfinance institutions in Moldova through the financial soundness indicators (the degree of financial intermediation). In the first part of the article, the author analyses the main trends in the microfinance sector compared to the banking sector in recent years, requiring the implementation of an effective and coherent strategic management for banking and non- performing strategies and to maintain the financially stability through appropriate policies administration and risk management. A very suggestive remark about the author is the difficult access to finance in Moldova, representing a particular importance to any economy. In this context, the shocks arising from the financial and economic crisis have affected both credit supply and demand as well. Thus, the existence of appropriate strategic policy to minimize risk in a bank and microfinance institution, condition a management with a high level of professionalism and quality.
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    Operation of the microfinance sector from the Republic of Moldova in terms of strategic management
    ("Victor Slăvescu" Centre for Financial and Monetary Research, 2018) Popa, Viorica
    The microfinance sector plays an important role in the socio-economic development of a country, and occupies a special place within the financial system. However, the microfinance instrument can even be a strategic engine for growth and a key source of job creation for any country in the world. And in other European Union (EU) countries and in the Republic of Moldova, microfinance can be seen as a mechanism for developing a new era of non-banking financial institutions. The specialized literature reflects a multitude of definitions of the concept of microfinance. However, the roots of the notion of microfinance is recommended to be put into the historical context in order to understand as clearly as possible the meaning and origin. Thus, the purpose of the research is to analyse historically the microfinance models from Bessarabia till the nowadays well-structured microfinance organizations under the strategic management aspect. To achieve the objectives proposed in the study, the author has used the following research methods and tools: the method of synthesis, comparison and analogy.
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    The trends and characteristics of development of associations of loan and savings in Moldova
    (2014) Popa, Viorica; Munteanu, Ludmila
    The objective of this article is to analyze the microfinance sector in Moldova, through elucidation of the main trends of development of savings and loan associations in the past five years. The financial market in Moldova consists of banking and non banking financial institutions by providing credit and loans for meeting the financial demand. The non-banking financial institutions include: central association, microfinance organization and savings and loan associations. Therefore in the paper the author intends to analyze and evaluate the work of savings and loan associations, as reflected through the improvement of all indicators. The emergence of these institutions is caused by the need of rural microfinance sector activity, as well as the financial support for small and medium businesses namely entrepreneurship in the sphere of production, trade and services.
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    Gestionarea deșeurilor din Republica Moldova în contextul pandemiei COVID-19
    (INCE, 2020) Popa, Viorica; Popa, Nicolae
    Odata cu declanșarea epidemiei coronavirusul (Covid-19) intr-o perioada scurta, toate sectoarele economiei globale la nivel mondial, au fost afectate indeosebi sanatatea publica și mediul. Pentru a limita impactul epidemiei de Covid-19 asupra sanatații și economiei țarile din intreaga lume, se iau masuri sau acțiuni de reducerea crizei. Totuși, criza cauzata de Covid-19 atenueaza o parte din impactul activitaților economice asupra mediului și a climei.
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    Impactul pandemiei COVID-19 asupra sectorului bancar și nebancar din Republica Moldova
    (INCE, 2020) Popa, Viorica
    Republica Moldova este una din țarile puternic afectate de criza provocata de pandemia COVID-19 in anul 2020. La aceasta s-a adaugat și dificultațile din sectorul agricol cauzate de seceta severa din anul curent. Anul 2020 este un an cu provocari dure, atat pe plan social cat și economic. Respectiv, și activitatea sistemului bancar și nebancar a fost perturbata lasand amprenta asupra indicatorii macro prudențiali in perioada aprilie – august 2020. In aceasta cercetare, autorul vine cu o analiza a sectorului bancar și nebancar in perioada pandemica din Republica Moldova.
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    Microfinance - global development strategies and practices
    (INCE, 2019) Popa, Viorica; Popa, Nicolae
    The theoretical approaches to the models of development of global microfinance oriented strategic policies are less defined in the specialized scientific literature. Studies in this field show that the typology of microfinance models differs depending on the local conditions of the economy and society. Thus, we can say that the main microfinance schemes currently used in the world, according to the way microfinance operates and implemented, exist in different regions of the world such as Africa, Asia, North America, of course Europe.In this article, the authors, elucidates the process of developing global policy-oriented microfinance mechanisms. The aim of the research is to elucidate the conceptual framework on microfinance, strategic microfinance tools at EU level and the main trends of the sector at global level. To achieve the objectives proposed in the study, the authors used the following research methods and tools: the method of synthesis, comparison, analogy and comparative analysis. Research, analyzing EU policies, strategic tools and practices in the field of microfinance, which are of major interest to the Republic of Moldova, aim at assimilating and applying strategic models by improving the microfinance sector in the Republic of Moldova.
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    Dimensiunea conceptuală a microfinanțării – modele strategice de dezvoltare
    (INCE, 2018) Popa, Viorica
    În ultimii anii, microfinanțarea pe plan mondial a devenit o industrie de servicii diversificate cu strategii de creștere şi dezvoltare. Astfel, în unele ţări din Africa de Sud şi Asia microfinanţarea este considerată un instrument cheie în implementarea strategiilor eficiente şi durabile în lupta împotriva sărăciei. Iar în alte țări din Uniunea Europeană (EU) microfinanţarea poate fi privită ca un mecanism de dezvoltare a unei noi epoci a instituțiilor financiare nebancare. Literatura de specialitate reflectă o multitudine de definiții a conceptului privind microfinanțarea. Totuși, rădăcinile noțiuni cuvântului microfinanțarea se recomandă punerea în contextul istoric pentru a înțelege cît mai clar sensul și originea. Astfel, scopul cercetării este de a analiza istoric formarea conceptului de microfinanțare în timp, de la individ sau grup de locuitori – la organizații de microcreditare, bănci de credite sau cooperative de credite - la organizații de microfinanțare bine structurate sub aspectul managementului strategic. Autorul, analizează în articolul dat, evoluția microfinanțări din evul mediul până în prezent. Pentru atingerea obiectivelor propuse în cadrul studiului, autorul a utilizat următoarele metode și instrumente de cercetare: metoda sintezei, comparației și analogiei.
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    Impactul sectorului de microfinanţare asupra mediului economic din Republica Moldova
    (Complexul Editorial al INCE, 2016) Popa, Viorica
    Acest articolul are ca scop central cercetarea sectorului de microfinanţare din Republica Moldova din ultimii ani sub aspectul reglementării. Prin urmare, actualitatea prezentului articol se analizează impactul sectorului de microfinanţare asupra mediului economic din Republica Moldova. Autorul combină mai multe idei despre importanţa sectorului de microfinanţare in dezvoltarea socio-economică a ţării ocupand un loc important in cadrul sistemului financiar autohton. Principalele rezultate ştiinţifice obţinute in articol, in urma cercetării, este identificarea influenţei mediului economic asupra activităţii instituţiilor de microfinanţare autohton şi propunerea setului de recomandări aduse organului CNPF, pentru includerea unor acţiuni importante privind sectorul de microfinanţare in noua Strategie de dezvoltare a pieţei financiare nebancare pe anii 2016-2020. Metodele principale de cercetare au fost: analiza sistemică, sinteza, logică,etc.