RSES - INCE
Institutional Repository of National Institute for Economic Research
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The repository is a digital archive and offers users open access to publications with full text for scientific, educational and methodological purposes. The materials placed in the collections are allowed to be used exclusively non -profit, with the compulsory indication of the author of the work and hyperlinks at this archive.
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Recent Submissions
Inequalities regarding the oral health system in Europe and Romania
(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Forna, Norina Consuela; Murariu, Alice; Agop Forna, Doriana; Donea, Lorenza; Forna, Norin
The health status of the population is a complex phenomenon that expresses the health characteristics of the members of a community viewed as a whole, taking into account a series of biological, social and economic determinants. Among the socio-economic determinants that act at the individual level are financial income and the level of education. At the population level an important determining factor is represented by the national health policy. This refers to providing the population with medical personnel, financing and access to specialized medical services. In Romania, in contrast to the industrialized countries in Europe, the health policy is characterized by a chronic underfunding, with unfavorable effects on the state of oral health. Vulnerable populations, such as rural residents, as well as those with low incomes or the uninsured, have reduced access to specialized treatments due to the lack of dental offices in the respective areas, health insurance, and high costs. The improvement of public policies regarding the oral health of the population requires that the political decision-maker correctly identify the problems and find methods for an adequate budget allocation.
Identification of the potential to reduce greenhouse gases in the Romania economy
(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Piciu, Gabriela
This paper aims to analyze the economic sectors and the ways in which circular models can be introduced, for decarbonization and increasing economic competitiveness in Romania. The purpose of this study is to identify the strategies, the effective circular measures that can be implemented and to evaluate the potential of their implementation, given that the Romanian economy is still going through a structural transformation. These strategies aim at more efficient productions and uses, extending the lifetime of the product and component parts, and optimal use of materials. The decarbonization of the country to achieve the "Net Zero" objective, which means achieving a balance between the amount of emissions produced and those removed from the atmosphere, can be achieved through the transition to a circular economy and will result in global economic benefits, through the circular interventions implemented, through the application of a regenerative production, the elimination of waste and the valorization of waste. The long-term sustainability of the economy, and the ability to provide products and services, can be achieved through drastic changes in the way we produce and consume to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement.
Sisteme de garanție-returnare al ambalajului reciclabil
(2024) Perciun Rodica; Iordachi Victoria; Timofei Olga
Ghidul a fost elaborat și tipărit în cadrul Proiectului Stimularea excelenței în cercetare 20.80012.7007.10SE “Analiza impactului social pentru sistemul de garanție de returnare a ambalajului reciclabil în Republica Moldova”.
General considerations regarding the circular economy
(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Marin, Ancuta; Voicila, Daniela Nicoleta; Rodino, Steliana
The European Union promotes the knowledge of the circular economy agenda. The implementation of the circular bioeconomy concept within in each country, requires support policies that support the use and recycling of secondary streams. Effective policy measures are critical in achieving circular economy goals by encouraging innovation and facilitating network synergies among stakeholders. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of recent environmental policies in Europe and the circular economy framework aimed at creating a cleaner and more competitive Europe. In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of the specialized literature was carried out, with an emphasis on the strategies of the circular economy. The analysis exposes a variety of scenarios and opportunities for effective planning, strategy, coordination, implementation and evaluation of circular economy. The historical progression of European policy reveals a series of initiatives and instruments involving significant financial investments, with objectives targeting innovation and climate change mitigation. Additionally, member states, regional governments, and private and public entities have contributed with customized actions and technological advancements in the circular economy field.
Rolul băncilor în finanțarea economiei circulare
(INCE, ASEM, 2024) Luchian, Ivan; Filip, Angela
The circular economy represents an organizational model of production and consumption that involves sharing, renting, reusing, repairing, reconditioning, and recycling existing materials and products as far as possible, thus extending the life cycle of products. The purpose of the research was to highlight the particularities of the activity of commercial banks to support the circular economy. In order to complete this work, official statistical data, policy documents from different countries, as well as the views of experts in the addressed field, were examined. The study of these sources allowed the formation of a complex image of the opportunities for the development of banking services intended for the circular economy. Today, banks are interested in financing the circular economy because they want to present themselves as socially responsible financial institutions to gain the trust of community members and authorities. Circular economy financing also helps banks avoid financing companies' activities that harm the environment and society. Also, the financing of the circular economy is part of the activity of green banks, which are institutions based on the promotion of innovative financing to accelerate the transition to clean energy and fight against climate change. Supporting the circular economy is also interesting for institutions, which promote themselves as sustainable banks and deal with the strategic planning and execution of banking operations and business activities, taking into account environmental, social, and governance impacts.