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Importul de fructe și nuci al Republicii Moldova
(INCE, 2022) Scerbacov, Elena
The aim of the paper is to analyze the import of edible fruits and nuts; citrus or melon peels. From methodological point of view, the following methods are used: analysis, synthesis and comparison. The recent works in the field, as well as the statistical data of the NBS, served as an information base. The results show that the production of peaches obtained shows an increase in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 years, the reason being the increase of the yield of fruit per hectare during this period, and compared to 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 years the size of this indicator decreased, the reason being the reduction of the yield per hectare due to the unfavorable weather conditions in 2020. A positive trend is registered at the production of berry during the analyzed period, increasing in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 years, the reason being the increase of the area and the yield per hectare during this period, and compared to 2016, 2017 and 2018 years it increased due to the rise of the area. The production of walnuts increased in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 years, the reason being the increase of the area, and compared to years 2017, 2018 and 2019 years the trend of decreasing, the reason being the reduction of the yield per hectare of walnuts due to the severe climatic conditions during the 2020 year. The import of edible fruits and nuts; citrus or melon peels recorded an increasing trend in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019.
Impactul războiului din Ucraina asupra securității alimentare și influența acestuia asupra calității vieții populației Republicii Moldova
(INCE, 2022) Sarban, Cristina
The beginning of 2022 has been shaken by the beginning of the war in Ukraine, which will affect Moldova in the long term. As a neighbouring country dependent on access routes with other states, namely through the territory of this country, it is feeling the negative impact of this war enormously and is strongly facing impediments to trade. This scourge will also generate profound changes in the design of security relations in the region and even globally, which may generate a food crisis due to the disruption of food exports, but will also create major humanitarian and social crises. The aim of the research is to analyse the impact of this war on the country's population and food security, highlighting vital needs and how to respond to new challenges and changes in the social and economic sphere. The research was carried out based on data provided by the National Bureau of Statistics using analytical, synthetic, tabular and graphical methods. Based on the research it was found that the impact of the crisis caused by this war is a threat to the national economy and the standard of living of citizens. However, these obstacles, force the development of the agro-industrial sector and its increased adaptation to the situation created and provides primarily for the development of infrastructure for production, post-harvesting and processing, which is in the early stages of development and has been influenced by the presence of cheaper raw materials from Ukraine.
Analiza actorilor cheie din sectorul producției agricole ecologice din Republica Moldova
(INCE, 2022) Ignat, Galina
The general purpose of this article is the analysis of the stakeholders involved in organic agriculture sector in the Republic of Moldova, determining their role in this sector. Agriculture is one of the key economic sectors in the Republic of Moldova and is the main source of raw material for the agri-food industry, assure a big part of exports and income of the rural population. Orienting ourselves towards the European and other Western markets, it is necessary to mention the increasing trends in the demand for ecological products. The consumption of organic products per capita in the European Union increased from 40.8 EUR per capita in 2016 – to 63.2 in 2020, Austria has the highest consumption respectively – 177 EUR in 2016 and 254 EUR in 2020. In the world, Switzerland holds the first place in per capita consumption - 418 EUR/capita. The EU action plan mentions the need to increase organic surfaces up to 25% of the total arable land. In this context, the key actors acquire a special importance in the development of the value chain of organic agricultural production. In process of developing the article, the following research methods were applied: analysis of existing information, comparative analysis, synthesis of existing information, deduction method. Following the use of research methods, quantitative and qualitative parameters were established and the role of the key stakeholders of organic agriculture in the Republic of Moldova defined.
Importul de preparate din legume, fructe și nuci al Republicii Moldova
(INCE, 2022) Scerbacov, Elena
The paper aims to analyze the import of preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts of plants. The methods used in this paper is: analysis, synthesis and comparison, and the information base was the recent works in the field, as well as the statistical data of the NBS. The results show that the area of plums shows a decreasing trend in 2020 compared to years 2011, 2012, 2013, 2017, 2018 and 2019 years. It also decreased the area of peaches in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 years. The production of seeds orchards shows an increase in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 years, the reason being the increase of the yield per hectare during this period, and compared to 2017, 2018 and 2019 years it decreased, the reason being the reduction of the area and the yield per hectare influenced by the unfavorable climatic conditions. The production of apples increased in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 years, the reason being the increase of the yield of fruit per hectare, and compared to 2017, 2018 and 2019 years it decreased, the reason being the reduction of both the area, as well as the yield per hectare of apples. As a result, the apples were of a small caliber and inferior quality. So the import of preparations of vegetables, fruits, nuts or other parts of plants in increased in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, and compared to 2019 it decreased insignificantly.
State regulation on the management of natural resources inthe field of agriculture in Azerbaijan
(INCE, 2022) Aliyev, Parviz
The article provides information on the directions of state regulation in the field of food and agriculture, and presents the FAPDA classification developed by FAO. The main focus of the article is on the direction of natural resources management of food and agricultural policy. The issues related to the ineffective use of land and water resources in Azerbaijan were analyzed, and ways to eliminate existing problems related to soil salinization and irrigation water shortage were indicated in the article. The article also provides information on the importance of globally and nationally significant agricultural heritage systems (GIAHS və NIAHS) in terms of achieving the goals of state regulation of the agricultural sector, such as ensuring the sustainability of agriculture and the development of rural areas and increasing employment and profitability in the regions through the processing of agricultural products and the development of agrotourism. Then the article the possibility of identifying the north-western region of Azerbaijan as a NIAHS site was evaluated.