Economie agro-alimentară și dezvoltare rurală
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Item Determining agriculture production efficiency based on the new assesment tools(INCE, 2019) Parmacli, Dmitrii; Stratan, AlexandruProfitability indicators describe the result of the management process more comprehensively than profit, characterize the effectiveness and efficiency of management, because their value shows the ratio of the effect with cash or input resources. They are used to evaluate the performance of the enterprise, as well as an instrument of investment policy and pricing. Most often, in practice, agricultural enterprises calculate indicators that characterize the profitability of production costs, investment projects and profitability of sales. It is very important to calculate the profitability levels of each type of sold products and give them an estimate, which allows identifying the most profitable ones. Methodological approaches are proposed in order to determine the four levels of profitability of the sold products, which are clearly presented in tables and graphs. It is important to grade the levels of profitability for each type of sold product, and therefore, it is becoming possible to assess their degree of effectiveness or level of profitability. The purpose of the article is to provide teachers from higher educational institutions, as well as agricultural specialists with modern tools for assessing the effectiveness of sold products, in particular through application of an unconventional method. The presented study allows specialists of agricultural enterprises to determine on the basis of two coefficients (return on fixed and specific variable costs) the moderate, rational, optimal and high profitability of sold grain, sunflower, grapes and other products and based on them to justify the amount of expected profit.Item Прямой и сопутствующий эффекта роста объемов товарной продукции: какой больше?(Complexul Editorial al INCE, 2019) Parmacli, Dmitrii; Todorici, Liudmila; Dudoglo, Tatiana; Ianioglo, AlinaЦель исследования – обосновать и показать на конкретных примерах методику расчетов прямого и сопутствующего эффекта прироста объемов реализованной продукции. Проведенные исследования показали, что эффективность внедрения инновационных разработок на предприятиях, направленных на повышение объемов товарной продукции, зависят не только от размеров прироста объемов реализации, снижения их себестоимости и росте цен, но и от исходного состояния производства, выраженного в соотношении постоянных и переменных затрат и сложившегося уровня рентабельности продукции. Превышение эффекта вызванного снижением себестоимости продукции над эффектом роста объемов реализованного товара, обеспечивает та инновационная разработка, которая при прочих условиях внедряется на предприятиях, имеющих более высокие показатели доли постоянных затрат, а рентабельность продукции ниже.Item Sunt oare eficient utilizate ciornoziomurile Moldovei?(IEFS, 2011) Parmacli, Dmitrii; Stratan, AlexandruÎn această lucrare a fost realizată evaluarea stării actuale a eficienţei utilizării terenurilor, precum şi fundamentată relaţiei matematice dintre cost şi productivitate. La fel, este propusă o formulă care permite determinarea veniturilor la un hectar de teren prin exemple concrete şi sunt prezentate rezervele privind creşterea producţiei finite şi eficienţei economice a acestora. De asemenea, articolul prezintă, metodele de calcul profit marginal, precum şi recoltacare asigură nivelul dorit de profitabilitate.Item Methodical approach of substantiation of potential indicators of land use efficiency in agriculture(INCE, 2018) Parmacli, Dmitrii; Ianioglo, AlinaThe article reveals that along with the traditional indicators of the efficiency of productive land use (the ratio between the resultsof the sale of in value or in kind products and the unit of land resources use), it is advisable to apply the indicator of the level of realization of their potential that will comprehensively reflect the achieved level of land use efficiency and possible reserves of increasing the agricultural production. Studies regarding the problems of the economic efficiency of agricultural production, including innovative developments aimed at increasing the productivity of land in the production of crop products, were carried out by many scientists, however, both in training and in real production conditions, as a rule, potential values of land use efficiency in industry are not taken into account. In this regard, studies of the methodological aspects of substantiation of the potential indicators of land productivity and the identification on this basis of the reserves for increasing the efficiency of land use become relevant. The purpose of the article is to present modern methodological tools for the economic evaluation of the efficiency of land use in agriculture. The proposed methodology for calculating potential yield indicators of the main cultivated crops was tested on the basis of the “Pobeda” collective farm in the Ceadir-Lunga district making a comparison between the actual and normative indicators of the profit per unit area. On this basis, land use efficiency reserves have been identified. The results of the research allows specialists of agricultural enterprises, as well as professors and students of higher education institutions to determine the normative indicators of land productivity and the profit volumes for each cultivated crop on the basis of simple calculations, and thus to identify reserves for improving land use efficiency.Item Concepţia calculelor indicatorilor eficienţei utilizării mijloacelor fixe(2011) Parmacli, Dmitrii; Stratan, AlexandruThe last decade has been marked by a series of events which ought to facilitate the foreign trade of the Republic of Moldova. The most important are considered to be the R. Moldova’s accession to WTO and the preferential trade regimes that Moldova are benefiting from the main trading partners. But, despite this, the external trade growth trend in this period was determined rather by an accelerated growth in imports than that in exports. In this context a question appears “why in condition of free access in the main export markets for the majority of products, our exports remain so small?”