Browsing by Author "Novac, Alexandra"

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Abordări teoretice privind conţinutul economic al categoriei „proprietate intelectuală”
(Complexul Editorial, INCE, 2013) Novac, Alexandra
The phenomenon of the intellectual property is becoming more known, exceeding the dimensions of law and legal rules governing the protection of intellectual activity’s results. The approach to the category of intellectual property from the economic point of view is less studied, in comparison with its juridical aspects. In this article, the author examines the essence of the cathegory of intellectual property, especially within the framework of the economical science.
Capitalul uman – factor esențial pentru dezvoltarea inovațională în ÎMM-urile din Republica Moldova
(2024) Novac, Alexandra
Innovation is a crucial element for competitive and sustainable business development. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of human capital in innovation activity and to identify the challenges faced by small and medium-sized enterprises in the Republic of Moldova in this area. The methods and techniques used in the research include desk research, critical analysis, literature synthesis, and comparative analysis. The results of the research show that the main barriers related to human capital for innovation development in Moldovan enterprises are mainly related to the mismatch between the skills of human capital and the needs of employers, the availability of highly qualified human capital, the lack of personnel with specific specialisations, the massive emigration of the population, especially young people, and the decreasing number of students in science and technology.
Capitalul uman ı̂n Republica Moldova prin prisma antreprenoriatului
(ASEM, INCE, 2024) Novac, Alexandra
Studiul investighează rolul capitalului uman în contextul antreprenoriatului din Republica Moldova, evidențiindu-l ca un factor semnificativ în dezvoltarea social-economică a țării. Metodologia de cercetare adoptată în acest studiu îmbină analiza datelor primare și cele secundare, pentru a obține o imagine cuprinzătoare asupra capitalului uman din Republica Moldova. Sunt abordate aspectele teoretice ale capitalului uman în cadrul cercetărilor în antreprenoriat, pentru a demonstra contribuțiile anterioare privind impactul capitalului uman asupra întreprinderilor nou-create, experiența antreprenorială, performanța firmelor, relația dintre capitalul uman și înclinația spre antreprenoriat. Este prezentat cadrul de reglementare privind capitalul uman în Republica Moldova, cu accent pe cele mai importante acte legislative și documente de politici, care vizează aspectele legate de educația antreprenorială. Totodată, se evidențiează aspectele care necesită o reactualizare și o îmbunătățire continuă a cadrului de reglementare existent în acest domeniu. În același timp, este evaluat nivelul de dezvoltare a capitalului uman din Republica Moldova, bazat pe clasamentele internaționale și datele statistice relevante. De asemenea, este elaborată analiza SWOT a capitalului uman, pentru a identifica punctele forte, elementele slabe, oportunitățile și amenințările în acest domeniu. La realizarea acestui studiu, s-a aplicat un chestionar, care a permis analiza provocărilor cu care se confruntă antreprenorii în gestionarea capitalului uman, concentrându-ne pe variațiile întâlnite între mediile de reședință, regiunile de dezvoltare și activitățile economice. Analiza efectuată a permis de a argumenta și elabora propuneri pentru abordarea provocărilor în dezvoltarea capitalului uman, astfel încât să se răspundă nevoilor contemporane ale activității antreprenoriale din țară. The study examines the significance of human capital in the context of entrepreneurship in the Republic of Moldova, highlighting it as a crucial factor in socio-economic development. The research methodology employed in this study combines primary and secondary data analysis to provide a comprehensive understanding of human capital in the Republic of Moldova. The theoretical aspects of human capital in entrepreneurship research are addressed, highlighting previous contributions on the impact of human capital on start-ups, entrepreneurial experience, firm performance, the relationship between human capital and entrepreneurial propensity. The regulatory framework on human capital in the Republic of Moldova is presented, focusing on the most important legislative acts and policy documents related to entrepreneurship education. It emphasises aspects that require continuous updating and improvement of the existing regulatory framework. At the same time, the level of development of human capital in the Republic of Moldova is assessed based on international rankings and relevant statistical data. A SWOT analysis of human capital is also elaborated to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in this area. The challenges faced by entrepreneurs in terms of human capital are identified through a survey, with a focus on residential environments, development regions, and economic activities. The analysis conducted allowed for the formulation and substantiation of proposals to address the challenges in human capital development, ensuring that the contemporary needs of entrepreneurial activity in the country are met.
Condiţii pentru antreprenoriatul mic şi mijlociu în Republica Moldova: obstacole şi oportunităţi de îmbunătăţire
(IEFS, 2011) Novac, Alexandra; Vinogradova, Natalia
New technologies and better access to global markets provide the opportunities’growth for the business. At the same time, the competitiveness’ growth, emphasis on a quality, pressing demand for less costs and other factors represent major challenges for the entrepreneurship. For small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) these challenges are of larger importance, as SME face a lack of resources to a greater degree and are of lower capacities to solve sharp problems of a running business. The importance of the sector and existing restrictions of SME were recognized by the governments of most of the countries, so an important goal for policies is to ensure conditions for better SME’s development.
Considerations regarding the innovation infrastructure in the Republic of Moldova
(2020) Novac, Alexandra
The main core of the innovation infrastructure - the most efficient mechanism for implementing the innovations, according to the experience of the economically developed countries is represented by the infrastructure of innovative centers, such as science and technology parks, innovation incubators, innovation clusters, which provide enterprises a complete cycle of innovation: from studying the market conditions, making equipment available, providing staff and other services. The paper aims to highlight the main barriers affecting the activity of some innovation infrastructure entities in the Republic of Moldova. The author also analyzes the new amendments to the legislative framework with regard to innovation, which have imposed a new approach regarding the establishment and functioning of science and technology parks and innovation incubators.
Cooperation for Innovation: Opportunities and Challenges for SMEs (The Case of the Republic of Moldova)
(LUMEN Publishing, 2020) Stratan, Alexandru; Novac, Alexandra; Vinogradova, Natalia
In the contemporary economy, the sustainable growth of the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can be ensured provided that innovations are implemented in enterprises. The innovative potential of enterprises can be raised through various methods, including cooperation with other enterprises and researchers. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the innovation activity of SMEs in the Republic of Moldova and identify opportunities and barriers to cooperation of SMEs with other enterprises and research institutions in the Republic of Moldova in order to develop and/or implement innovations. The results of the research showed that in the Republic of Moldova, SMEs are quite reluctant and passive in cooperating with other companies and research institutions to implement innovations. Moreover, for the most part, Moldovan SMEs are not aware of the need to implement innovations based on research results, but researchers - of the need to market their results.
Dezvoltarea educaţiei antreprenoriale a tinerilor în cadrul instituţiilor de învăţământ profesional tehnic secundar din Republica Moldova
(INCE, 2018) Aculai, Elena; Novac, Alexandra; Deliu, Natalia
Еducaţiа antreprenorială este una din direcţiile moderne şi promiţătoare de dezvoltare a sistemului educaţional în ţările europene, inclusiv şi în Republica Moldova. Formarea aptitudinilor antreprenoriale extinde oportunităţile pentru studenţi, în special pentru tineri, în desfăşurarea unei activităţi independente sau crearea propriei micro-afaceri, astfel îmbunătăţind bunăstarea lor, autorealizarea şi calitatea vieţii lor. În cadrul materialului prezentat se analizează procesul de formare antreprenorială în cadrul sistemului de învăţământ profesional tehnic secundar, care se dezvoltă activ în Republica Moldova începând cu anul 2012. În special, sunt evaluate principalele documente de reglementare, juridice şi metodologice, care au stat la baza introducerii cursului de educaţie antreprenorială; este prezentată contribuţia instituţiilor care au asigurat acest proces; a fost analizată prima experienţă de constituire a afacerii şi asigurarea unei activităţi independente pentru absolvenţii instituțiilor de învățământ profesional tehnic secundar. Ca bază a rezultatelor şi concluziilor a servit sondajul absolvenţilor instituţiilor de învăţământ profesional tehnic secundar, care au studiat cursul de educare antreprenorială. Studiul a fost implementat în anii 2016-2017 cu participarea activă a autorilor.
Dezvoltarea întreprinderilor mici şi mijlocii: contribuţie, provocări şi direcţii de perspectivă
(2012) Aculai, Elena; Vinogradova, Natalia; Percinschi, Natalia; Novac, Alexandra; Clipa, Victoria
Monografia este dedicata сегсеtării sectorului intreprinderilor mici și mijlocii (IММ) - rolului lui in economie, problemelor si perspectivelor sale de dezvoltare. А fost analizată соntribuțiа intreprinderilor mici și mijlocii la dezvoltarea есоnomică а tărilor еuгорепе, reunite in uniuni regionale de state (Uniunea Еuropeană și Organizatia Соореrării Economice а Мării Negre), inclusiv а Republicii Moldova; а fost ргеzentată evaluarea calitativa și cantitativa а acestei contribuții. Аu fost descrise principalele bariere in activitatea intreprinderilor mici și mijlocii; in baza сhestionărilor au fost identificate principalele bariere pentru intreprinderile moldovenești, legate de accesul limitat la resurse. Au fost studiate direrectiile de регspectivă ale dezvoltarii intreprinderilor mici și mijlocii, inclusiv elaborarea și implementarea inovatiilor, orientarea сătre pietele exteme de desfacere, crearea și utilizarea obiectelor de proprietate intelectuala.
A doua șansă pentru antreprenori: experiența Uniunii Europene și lecții pentru Republica Moldova
(INCE, 2019) Novac, Alexandra
Actualmente, subiectul susținerii antreprenorilor care au dat faliment și pot beneficia de o a doua șansă se află tot mai mult pe agenda discuțiilor publice și în documentele de politici, mai ales la nivelul statelor Uniunii Europene. Obiectivul acestui articol este de a identifica bunele practici privind îmbunătăţirea posibilităţilor pentru antreprenorii, care se confruntă cu dificultăți financiare, se află în stare de insolvabilitate sau au dat faliment, de a beneficia în mod rapid de o a doua şansă întâlnite în statele europene și la nivelul UE și a distinge lecții utile privind posibilitățile de utilizare a experienței analizate în Republica Moldova. În procesul cercetării au fost utilizate următoarele metode și tehnici: cercetarea de birou, analiza critică şi generalizarea literaturii de specialitate, materialelor analitice; analiza comparativă. Rezultatele cercetării s-au concretizat în identificarea unor propuneri privind posibilităţile de utilizare a experienţei străine de susținere a antreprenorilor din categoria analizată în Republica Moldova1.
Evoluții recente privind fenomenul insolvabilitații în Republica Moldova
(2023) Novac, Alexandra; Calcatinge, Ludmila
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the recent evolutions regarding the insolvency phenomenon in the Republic of Moldova, based on a mixed research approach, using both primary and secondary data: data of the State Tax Service, the National Bureau of Statistics, international ranking, the results of a survey of 106 entrepreneurs from the small and medium-sized enterprises sector, carried out and implemented with the participation of the author. The results of the research revealed that the phenomenon of economic agents declared insolvent in the Republic of Moldova is considerably increasing in recent years. In particular, since 2017, there has been a significant increase in the number of economic agents declared insolvent, their number exceeding 4.6 times the cumulative number of agents declared insolvent in the period 2013-2016. This trend is due, first of all, to the simplification of the company liquidation procedure. However, the findings of the empirical study reveal that for most entrepreneurs the liquidation procedure still remains complex.
Identificarea aglomerărilor economice în Republica Moldova
(INCE, 2014) Novac, Alexandra; Vinogradova, Natalia
Etapa iniţială de identificare a clusterelor constă în cercetarea proceselor de concentrare a activităţilor economice, sau aşa-numitelor aglomerări economice. Există mai multe metode statistice care se utilizează pentru a identifica aglomerările economice. În articol, autorii au studiat câteva din ele: coeficientul localizării, indicele Herfindahl-Hirschmann, coeficientul Gini, indicele Ellison şi Glaeser. De asemenea, autorii au implementat una din aceste metode (şi anume, coeficientul de localizare) pentru a determina gradul de specializare a raioanelor din Republica Moldova. Ca urmare, au fost validate câteva industrii, la nivelul raioanelor din Republica Moldova, care au un grad mai înalt de specializare. La baza acestui articol stau rezultatele intermediare ale unui studiu realizat în cadrul proiectului pentru tinerii cercetători „Identificarea oportunităţilor şi obstacolelor pentru integrarea întreprinderilor în clustere în Republica Moldova” (cu cifrul 13.819.18.08A), finanţat de Academia de Ştiinţe a Moldovei.
Identification of hierarchy of agglomerations at regional level and in industrial sector in the Republic of Moldova
(2018) Novac, Alexandra
Clusters represent one of the most efficient economic incentive mechanisms and become an important tool for developing and increasing the enterprises competitiveness, thus improving also the business climate in the region. At the same time, it is one of the most discussed topics at national level, but still remains a topic of discussion. Currently, the cluster development policy in Moldova is still at the initial stage. Although the mechanisms for clusters creation are not clearly defined, and it has not been yet developed a cluster map, reflecting the regions and industrial sectors with cluster potential, about the need to create clusters was mentioned in several strategic documents. The paper aims to perform a hierarchy of agglomerations at the regional level, based on those industries with a high degree of specialization, identified via the „three stars” method. The main results achieved following the investigations consist in carrying out the agglomerations hierarchy at regional level, its description and graphic representation. The research methodology is based on: a critical analysis and generalization of literature, analytical materials; „three stars" method for the agglomerations identification; mapping method. The basis of this paper is constituted of final results of a study under the project for the young researchers „Analysis of the potential of clusterization in the Republic of Moldova in the industrial sector” (code 16.80012.08.15A).
Identification of clusterization potential at regional level and in industrial sector in the Republic of Moldova
(INCE, 2016) Novac, Alexandra
Despite the fact that in Moldova there are some premises that stimulate various forms of cooperation between enterprises (predominance of small and medium sized enterprises in the total number of enterprises, the relatively high geographic concentration of businesses location; the existence of quite effective business associations) the process of creating clusters in Moldova has not yet obtained a necessary development. The purpose of the article is to identify those industries with potential for creating clusters in the regions of Moldova aiming at developing the cluster state policy. The identification of “agglomerations” is based on the “three stars” methodology developed and utilized by the European Cluster Observatory for mapping and assessing clusters. The basis of this paper is constituted of interim results of a study under the project for the young researchers ”The analysis of the clusterization potential in the industrial sector in the Republic of Moldova” (code 16.80012.08.15A).
Indicators system for monitoring intellectual property management in companies
(INCE, 2017) Stratan, Alexandru; Novac, Alexandra
Organizations and companies with a high level of competitiveness had developed intellectual property management systems that aim at assuring information and indicators for decision-making. Furthermore, the systematization and monitoring of information on intellectual property management contributes to the improvement, reliability, quality and efficiency of managerial efficiency, offering, in the end, to the company an image of its competitive advantages, generated by the intellectual property. The purpose of this work is to identify a system of indicators (benchmarks) that can be used for monitoring through self-evaluation of the intellectual property management as part of a methodic approach on researching the intellectual property management system in companies. The main results achieved following the investigations were the development of a set of indicators (benchmarks) for monitoring the management of intellectual property in companies. Also, being based on this group of indicators, an integrated indicator for assessing the effectiveness of the management system of intellectual property in companies had been developed.
Innovation policy in the Republic of Moldova and its impact on business development
(2018) Stratan, Alexandru; Novac, Alexandra; Maier, Lidia
In the context of the increasing role of the SMEs sector in the national economy landscape, supporting innovation activity in SMEs is imperative. In this paper our goal is to review the main policy documents on innovation, with reference to the measures aimed at stimulating innovation in SMEs; summarize the characeristics of the innovative SMEs in the Republic of Moldova. Additionally, there has been outlined the constraints faced by the participants of the technology transfer process - enterprises, researchers and intermediary institutions, based on the interviews carried out with the participation of the authors. We also examine the Republic of Moldova position in the international rankings, referring to the innovational development. The article identifies that the innovation activity is still underestimated in the Republic of Moldova, the encouragement of the innovation activity is not systemic, having a fragmentary character, with a low impact on business comunity.
Moldovan Economic Trends no 6 (Q II, 2012)
(Complexul Editorial al IEFS, 2012) Stratan, Alexandru; Chistruga, Marcel; Rojco, Anatolii; Fala, Alexandru; Colesnicova, Tatiana; Clipa, Victoria; Septelici, Viorica; Vragaleva, Veronica; Novac, Alexandra; Lucasenco, Eugenia; Golea, Violeta; Gribincea, Corina; Toaca, Zinovia
The Moldovan Economic Trends is a quarterly publication, produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Institute of Economy, Finance and Statistics and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union.
Moldovan Economic Trends, no 12 (Q IV, 2013)
(INCE, 2013) Stratan, Alexandru; Lucasenco, Eugenia; Cara, Oleg; Timofei, Olga; Vragaleva, Veronica; Septelici, Viorica; Clipa, Victoria; Gribincea, Corina; Novac, Alexandra; Colesnicova, Tatiana; Toaca, Zinovia; Olarescu, Zaharia; Gagauz, Olga
Moldovan Economic Trends, no 13 (Q I, 2014)
(Complexul Editorial al INCE, 2014) Stratan, Alexandru; Lucasenco, Eugenia; Cara, Oleg; Timofei, Olga; Gribincea, Corina; Popa, Viorica; Novac, Alexandra; Vragaleva, Veronica; Colesnicova, Tatiana; Clipa, Victoria
The „Moldovan Economic Trend” is a quarterly publication produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union.
Moldovan Economic Trends, no 16 (Q IV, 2014)
(INCE, 2014) Stratan, Alexandru; Lucasenco, Eugenia; Cara, Oleg; Timofei, Olga; Vragaleva, Veronica; Popa, Viorica; Clipa, Victoria; Novac, Alexandra; Colesnicova, Tatiana; Ceban, Alina; Toaca, Zinovia; Olarescu, Zaharia
The „Moldovan Economic Trend” is a quarterly publication produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union.
Moldovan Economic Trends, no 20 (Q IV, 2015)
(Complexul Editorial al INCE, 2015) Stratan, Alexandru; Olarescu, Zaharia; Toaca, Zinovia; Ceban, Alexandru; Ceban, Alina; Timofei, Olga; Popa, Viorica; Fala, Victoria; Iatisin, Tatiana; Novac, Alexandra; Colesnicova, Tatiana