Browsing by Author "Aculai, Elena"

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Analysis and barriers to the SMEs development in the Republic of Moldova
(2016) Aculai, Elena
The sector of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has a significant impact on major economic and social processes in the Republic of Moldova. The main elements of the contribution made by SMEs in the economic development of the country, in particular: their impact on the structure of the economy, employment, value creation, investment attraction are calculated and analyzed in this article, based on statistical data. In addition, the main barriers faced by Moldovan enterprises in recent years were identified based on the results of interviews conducted with the participation of the author. Analysis of the main elements of contribution, along with the identification of the main barriers faced by businesses allows more rationale to develop and implement the policy of entrepreneurship development in the country.
Assessment of the business environment in the Republic of Moldova: key trends and determining factors
(2015) Stratan, Alexandru; Aculai, Elena; Vinogradova, Natalia
Assessment of trends in the business environment is a matter of interest to entrepreneurs, investors and representatives of the public administration, as it allows well-grounded planning of business development, making reasoned decisions about investing and improving purposefully public policies. In the Republic of Moldova, despite the adoption of the necessary legislation, implementation of government programs and the creation of institutions to support business, trends in the business environment are treated contradictorily by businessmen and public servants. International ratings also provide a mixed assessment of changes in the business climate in the country. The purpose of this article is to highlight the trends of the business environment in the Republic of Moldova, taking into account the specific conditions of the country, based on results of a entrepreneurs survey, using quantitative indicators that allow an unambiguously interpretation of the changes. The methodology designed and implemented by the authors regarding the approach to the evaluation of the business environment is briefly presented. Emphasis is placed on the results of evaluation of the business environment: the main trends and its determining factors. It was revealed the opinion of entrepreneurs regarding the changing in business environment during the period 2011-2013 and the forecast for 2013-2015. The main conclusions, including the possibilities of using the obtained results are also presented.
Caracteristicile de bază și specificul IMM-urilor în țările cu piața emergentă
(2013) Aculai, Elena
In articol sunt generalizate și analizate cele mai importante trasaturi calitative și cantitative ale micilor afaceri. Este prezentata tipologia IMM-urilor in funcție de diferite clasificari. O atenție deosebita este acordata cercetarii procesului de constituire a sectorului IMM și a antreprenorilor in țarile cu piața emergenta, care au inceput in anii ’90 tranziția de la sistemul economiei planificate la cel al economiei de piața. Este dezvoltata și concretizata ideea privind existența in aceste țari a categoriei antreprenorilor ”constranși”, care, de la bun inceput nu au competențele antreprenoriale necesare și, respectiv, nu poseda un comportament antreprenorial. In baza studiilor empirice s-a demonstrat existența acestei categorii de antreprenori și in Republica Moldova. In baza rezultatelor sondajelor, a fost elaborat ”portretul” model al antreprenorului moldav, care deține și administreaza o afacere mica. Specificul IMM-urilor, identificat in condițiile Republicii Moldova, permite de a elabora politici de stat argumentate de dezvoltare a IMM-urilor. Lucrarea prezinta interes pentru cercetatorii sectorului IMM, profesorii și studenții facultaților cu profil economic, reprezentanții comunitații de afaceri și functionarii organelor administrației publice, care participa la reglementarea businessului, in special, in țarile cu economia in tranziție.
Constituirea şi dezvoltarea instituţiilor publice de susţinere a IMM în Republica Moldova
(IEFS, 2012) Aculai, Elena
Lucrarea analizează procesul de constituire şi dezvoltare a instituţiilor publice cheie de sustinere a IMM-urilor, create şi care activează pe teritoriul Republicii Moldova începand cu anii ’90 ai secolului trecut. Atenţia se axează pe două grupe de instituţii publice: care elaborează şi realizează politica de dezvoltare a mediului de afaceri, precum şi care furnizează servicii întreprinderilor. Sunt analizate funcţiile de bază ale organizaţiilor publice de sustinere, reliefate problemele întreprinderilor, care definesc necesitatea lor de susţinere. Sunt identificate barierele în activitatea acestor instituţii.
Dezvoltarea educaţiei antreprenoriale a tinerilor în cadrul instituţiilor de învăţământ profesional tehnic secundar din Republica Moldova
(INCE, 2018) Aculai, Elena; Novac, Alexandra; Deliu, Natalia
Еducaţiа antreprenorială este una din direcţiile moderne şi promiţătoare de dezvoltare a sistemului educaţional în ţările europene, inclusiv şi în Republica Moldova. Formarea aptitudinilor antreprenoriale extinde oportunităţile pentru studenţi, în special pentru tineri, în desfăşurarea unei activităţi independente sau crearea propriei micro-afaceri, astfel îmbunătăţind bunăstarea lor, autorealizarea şi calitatea vieţii lor. În cadrul materialului prezentat se analizează procesul de formare antreprenorială în cadrul sistemului de învăţământ profesional tehnic secundar, care se dezvoltă activ în Republica Moldova începând cu anul 2012. În special, sunt evaluate principalele documente de reglementare, juridice şi metodologice, care au stat la baza introducerii cursului de educaţie antreprenorială; este prezentată contribuţia instituţiilor care au asigurat acest proces; a fost analizată prima experienţă de constituire a afacerii şi asigurarea unei activităţi independente pentru absolvenţii instituțiilor de învățământ profesional tehnic secundar. Ca bază a rezultatelor şi concluziilor a servit sondajul absolvenţilor instituţiilor de învăţământ profesional tehnic secundar, care au studiat cursul de educare antreprenorială. Studiul a fost implementat în anii 2016-2017 cu participarea activă a autorilor.
Dezvoltarea întreprinderilor mici şi mijlocii: contribuţie, provocări şi direcţii de perspectivă
(2012) Aculai, Elena; Vinogradova, Natalia; Percinschi, Natalia; Novac, Alexandra; Clipa, Victoria
Monografia este dedicata сегсеtării sectorului intreprinderilor mici și mijlocii (IММ) - rolului lui in economie, problemelor si perspectivelor sale de dezvoltare. А fost analizată соntribuțiа intreprinderilor mici și mijlocii la dezvoltarea есоnomică а tărilor еuгорепе, reunite in uniuni regionale de state (Uniunea Еuropeană și Organizatia Соореrării Economice а Мării Negre), inclusiv а Republicii Moldova; а fost ргеzentată evaluarea calitativa și cantitativa а acestei contribuții. Аu fost descrise principalele bariere in activitatea intreprinderilor mici și mijlocii; in baza сhestionărilor au fost identificate principalele bariere pentru intreprinderile moldovenești, legate de accesul limitat la resurse. Au fost studiate direrectiile de регspectivă ale dezvoltarii intreprinderilor mici și mijlocii, inclusiv elaborarea și implementarea inovatiilor, orientarea сătre pietele exteme de desfacere, crearea și utilizarea obiectelor de proprietate intelectuala.
Dialogul dintre ÎMM şi organele administraţiei publice în opinia antreprenorilor din Republica Moldova
(2011) Aculai, Elena; Clipa, Victoria
Dialogul dintre ÎMM şi organele administraţiei publice în opinia antreprenorilor din Republica Moldova
(IEFS, 2011) Aculai, Elena; Clipa, Victoria
The dialog between public authorities and the business plays an importantrole in promoting an enabling environment for SME’s development. The Governments that listen to the privatesector are more susceptible to promoteeconomic reforms. On the other part, entrepreneurs that understand the measures that the Government tray to realize thorough the policies they are implementing are more perceptible to support them. Therefore, thedialogue represents for the public and private sector the best way to establish the right priorities and to promote their common interests.In this paper was analyzed the problems of the dialogue between SMEs and public authorities in the Republic of Moldova. There was argued the importance of the dialogue for both parties and the premisefor its development. Also there was identified the SMEs interest in the dialogue. This article is based on the results of the research carried out at the Institute of Economy, Finance and Statistics, with the active participation of the authors.The study is based on the questionnaireand interviews with entrepreneurs, conducted in 2011.
Features of the Entrepreneurial Mindset of SMEs’ Owners in the Moldavian Unfriendly Environment
(Springer, Cham, 2020-02) Aculai, Elena; Stratan, Alexandru; Vinogradova, Natalia
This chapter examines the specifics of entrepreneurial mindset of owners of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), who operate their business in an unfavorable environment, under an emerging market economy based on the examples of the Republic of Moldova. Taking into account specific examples, it is demonstrated that in Moldavian economy, business strategies based on entrepreneurial mindset (i.e., those aimed at increasing competitiveness, using innovative approaches focused on development of the human capital, organizational change, and cooperation) represent an important factor in the preservation and development of SMEs. At the same time, the hypothesis is presented according to which the implementation of some original business strategies, also oriented toward the development of the enterprise and which take into account the specific features of a particular business and the general situation in the country, can contribute to the growth of enterprises only in an unfriendly environment. Accordingly, in long term in conditions of improvement of the business ecosystem and increase of the standards of living of the population, such business strategies will not motivate, but on the contrary, limit business development, especially in the long run. The presented ideas and conclusions are based predominantly on the results of interviews with Moldavian entrepreneurs carried out in recent years with the participation of authors.
Involvement in business of young graduates of vocational education and training institutions: the case of the Republic of Moldova
(INCE, 2019) Aculai, Elena; Deliu, Natalia
Young people from the Republic of Moldova, who intend to initiate or to develop their business are one of the targeted support groups within the framework of the state policy. This article analyzes various aspects of engaging young people in entrepreneurial activity: a brief assessment of statistical indicators is given; support measures for young entrepreneurs, implemented by the Moldovan government and proposed by international/foreign organizations are outlined; features of young entrepreneurs and self-employed are revealed. The emphasis is placed on young graduates of Vocational Education and Training (VET) institutions. The main results and conclusions are largely based on a survey applied on graduates of vocational education and training institutions who have already set up their own business or are self-employed. The survey has been implemented during 2016-2017 with the active participation of the authors. The results of the study showed that young people are interested in entrepreneurship and that learning the basics of entrepreneurship has a significant motivating influence on the initiation of their business and self-employment. Often, the businesses of the young people are unregistered and they are combined with employment. Only one third of the respondents know about organizations that can provide them various forms of support. One of the conclusions of the study presents that positive changes can be achieved much faster by combining the efforts of different stakeholders, in this case –the government, educational institutions, non-profit organizations and external donors.
Legislaţia privind susţinerea întreprinderilor mici şi mijlocii în Republica Moldova : retrospectivă şi prezent
(IEFS, 2012) Aculai, Elena; Veverita, Valentina
Articolul prezintă o viziune a principalelor legi, menite să susţină întreprinderile mici şi mijlocii din Republica Moldova; evidenţiază principalele etape în dezvoltarea legislaţiei, cu accentul pe inovaţiile din documentele analizate; indică asupra schimbării de abordare în susţinerea de stat a acestui sector; prezintă o evaluare a dezvoltării legislaţiei în decursul perioadei reformelor economice.
Main directions of research of small and medium-sized enterprises in european countries
(UCCM, 2015) Aculai, Elena
The effective policy of development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is based on research findings that identify specific problems and needs of the business in a certain territory. In the Republic of Moldova, the small and medium-sized enterprises’ research comprises the limited scope of problems and often has an abstract and theoretical character, because the applicative research –surveys and interviews with entrepreneurs –are difficult, time-consuming and expensive to realize. In this situation, given the pro-European vector of development of our country, it is important to study the main areas of research of SMEs which are implemented in the modern Europe. The most important areas of research of SMEs, which are now held in European countries were summarized and systematized on the basis of analysis of the subject and the results of scientific publications of European scientists, materials of international conferences and journals, legislation and policy documents of the European countries. This allows specifying the topics of research of SMEs in Moldova and making them more focused and in demand for policy. The article may be of interest to civil servants involved in the regulation of business and may also be used in scientific and didactic purposes.
Moldovan Economic Trends, no 1 (Q I, 2011)
(Complexul Editorial al IEFS, 2011) Stratan, Alexandru; Chistruga, Marcel; Rojco, Anatolii; Aculai, Elena; Fala, Alexandru; Moroz, Victor; Ignat, Anatolie; Colesnicova, Tatiana; Clipa, Victoria; Septelici, Viorica; Vragaleva, Veronica; Novac, Alexandra; Lucasenco, Eugenia; Olarescu, Zaharia; Mihoubi-Astor, Isabelle; Mincu, Georgeta; Moody, Richard
The Moldovan Economic Trends is a quarterly publication, produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Institute of Economy, Finance and Statistics and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. Year of establishment 2011.
Moldovan Economic Trends, no 2 (Q II, 2011)
(Complexul Editorial al IEFS, 2011) Stratan, Alexandru; Chistruga, Marcel; Rojco, Anatolii; Aculai, Elena; Fala, Alexandru; Colesnicova, Tatiana; Clipa, Victoria; Septelici, Viorica; Vragaleva, Veronica; Novac, Alexandra; Lucasenco, Eugenia; Toaca, Zinovia; Olarescu, Zaharia; Lorenzo Capussela, Andrea
The Moldovan Economic Trends is a quarterly publication, producedwith the assistance of the European Union. The contents of thispublication are the sole responsibility of Institute of Economy, Financeand Statistics andcan in no way be taken to reflect the views of theEuropean Union.
Obstacles and Opportunities for Development of Family Businesses: Experiences from Moldova
(SPRINGER International Publishing, 2015) Aculai, Elena; Vinogradova, Natalia; Veverita, Valentina
The chapter examines the processes of formation and development of small family enterprises, as in Moldova, the family business is created and developed mainly as micro and small enterprises. Since the activity of family businesses is not legally regulated and is not considered by the statistics in the Republic of Moldova, primarily the results of surveys and interviews with entrepreneurs, conducted by the authors during the realization of international projects and studies carried out in the National Institute for Economic Research of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova in the period 2001–2013 served the basis for writing this material. The chapter describes the barriers for family businesses, conditioned by their access to certain types of resources and other limiting factors from the external environment. Simultaneously, additional opportunities of the family SMEs are observed, arising through cooperation of the efforts and resources of family members, which allows increasing the assets of family businesses and partly compensating the shortcomings of the activity of business support institutes.
Principalii factori determinanţi ai mediului de afaceri în Republica Moldova
(Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM, 2014) Aculai, Elena; Veverita, Valentina; Vinogradova, Natalia
În articol sunt examinate principiile de bază ale abordării, elaborate de autori, faţă de evaluarea mediului de afaceri, cu accent pe principalii factori care determină schimbarea acestuia. Succint sunt examinate rezultatele evaluării mediului de afaceri în Republica Moldova, obţinute în baza chestionării antreprenorilor. Sunt identificate tendinţele schimbării principalilor factori în perioada anilor 2011-2013.
Programele de stat de susţinere a IMM-urilor în Republica Moldova : 20 de ani de dezvoltare
(IEFS, 2012) Aculai, Elena; Vinogradova, Natalia; Maier, Lidia
Articolul prezintă o scurtă analiză a dezvoltării programelor de stat de susţinere a întreprinderilor mici şi mijlocii, adoptate şi realizate în Republica Moldova de la începutul anilor ’90; identifică principalele tendinţe, avantajele şi restricţiile în utilizarea metodei de susţinere prin programe a întreprinderilor mici şi mijlocii în ţară.
A second chance for entrepreneurs in the Republic of Moldova: challenges and solutions
(Complexul Editorial al INCE, 2021) Novac, Alexandra; Aculai, Elena; Maier, Lidia
The relevance of offering a second chance is determined not only by the need to mitigate the consequences of business failure and motivate the entrepreneur to continue his entrepreneurial activity, but also by the impact on the country's economy, as business closure leads to job losses, a worsening of the financial possibilities of the national and local budgets, reduction of competition and other negative trends in the internal market. The importance of these issues has increased significantly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to significant deterioration of the Moldovan business environment. The aim of the paper is to identify the barriers and needs of entrepreneurs, who face financial or other difficulties, are in a state of insolvency, have gone through restructuring/bankruptcy proceedings and would like to benefit from a second chance in Moldova. The research methodology is based on the analysis of legislative acts in the field; statistical data analysis; the results of 16 semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs on elucidating the factors that favor and hinder the entrepreneurial activity, related to obtaining a second chance in business. The interviews were conducted between April and August 2018. The research results showed that both internal factors (insufficient financial resources, knowledge of crisis management, mismanagement, insufficient staff qualification, including the entrepreneurial skills / experience of the owners, the lack of people with certain professions) and external (related to insolvency legislation, limited information on the possibilities that can be used in case of failure) are determining for taking a second chance.
SME support policy in the Republic of Moldova and assessment of its impact on business development
(INCE, 2018) Aculai, Elena; Stratan, Alexandru; Novac, Alexandra
Establishment and legal development of small private businesses in the Republic of Moldova became possible only since the 90s at the initial stage of market reforms. Despite the absence of a regulatory framework for business development in this period, the rapid growth in the number of small enterprises has been noted. Although the owners of newly established, privatized and reorganized small enterprises (SE) were lacking in business knowledge, and public administration employees did not have a clear understanding of the role of small and medium enterprises (SMEs)in the economy, however, already in 1992-1994 the basics of entrepreneurship development policy have been laid. Over the last years, state policy aimed at supporting SMEs has been developed considerably in the Republic of Moldova, but the business environment is not favorable enough. The paper presents the multifaceted analysis of the state support policy of SMEs in the Republic of Moldova and the assessment of its impact on the business from different perspectives – government, international ratings and entrepreneurs. The results of the research revealed that, quite a large number of entrepreneurs over the years pointed to deterioration in the business environment conditions; however, the opinions of certain groups of entrepreneurs vary significantly. This means that the government's economic policy does not consider enough the entrepreneurs’ opinion regarding the general business climate changes, as well as the specific problems faced by different groups of entrepreneurs. The research methodology is based on an analysis of statistical data; the legal framework and policy documents; the main international rankings, as well as the results of surveys of different groups of Moldovan entrepreneurs – women, young people, people with disabilities, which were implemented with the participation of the authors in the period 2016-2017.
SMEs’ contribution to employment in the Republic of Moldova: quantitative and qualitative assessment.
(2013) Stratan, Alexandru; Aculai, Elena
The problem of employment has been the issue of concern to European governments in recent years. An important role in job creation belongs to SMEs. The purpose of this article is the analysis and evaluation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of employment in SMEs in the Republic of Moldova. In particular, the dynamics of the number of employees in Moldovan SMEs in the pre-and post-crisis periods was revealed. The estimation of the contribution of certain groups of enterprises (micro, small and medium) to job creation is given. Aspects of employment related to female entrepreneurship are considered. Business issues related to personnel are identified.