Economie agro-alimentară și dezvoltare rurală

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Author: search.filters.author.Lucasenco, EugeniaSubject: search.filters.subject.Republic of Moldova

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    The interconnection model between the Republic of Moldova's food security and its agricultural products export
    (USAMV, 2023) Stratan, Alexandru; Lopotenco, Viorica; Lucasenco, Eugenia
    The main objective of this study is to analyze the food security resilience of the Republic of Moldova. For this reason, it is essential to establish the interconnections between food security and foreign trade of the Republic of Moldova in the actual circumstances on the external market. On the one hand, agricultural economic agents faced the loss of traditional export markets. The most vulnerable category in this regard is 08. Edible fruits and nuts; peels of citrus fruits or melons, which in 2021 constituted 7.40% of the total exports. About 52.15% of the export of this category was directed in 2021 in Russian Federation. On the other hand, the increase in the prices of agri-food products has intensified the risks of excessive growth of exports and their potential insufficiency for consumption on the domestic market. In conclusion, it is highlighted that the situation in the region of our country generates vulnerabilities with a substantial impact on food security.
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    Greening policies for the agricultural sector of the Republic of Moldova: current situation and future perspectives
    (USAMV, 2023) Stratan, Alexandru; Ceban, Alexandru; Lucasenco, Eugenia
    Agricultural sector of the Republic of Moldova is currently facing a series of challenges, an important part of them being related to the greening of the sector. The existing public support schemes for greening agriculture are more related to mitigation of the climate change effects, with less focus on preserving the environment, and their share in the total public support is relatively low. The paper aims to analyze the existing public support schemes related to climate change adaptation and greening of sector and provide a series of recommendations for their improvement. In order to achieve the main aim of the paper, the following scientific methods have been used: generalization of empirical and applied material, induction and deduction methods for making the paper conclusions, comparison method and analytical one. In order to be in line with current greening EU policies, Republic of Moldova must adapt some of its public support schemes for the agricultural sector and pay more attention to development of a coordinative mechanism and advice services.
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    Public support to agricultural producers in the Republic of Moldova – trends and recommendations
    (INCE, 2022) Lucasenco, Eugenia
    Agricultural sector of the Republic of Moldova represents an important generator of working places, having an about 10% share in GDP, while the exports of agri-food products have a share of over 40% of the total exported goods of the country. Therefore, the public support to agricultural producers engaged in the production and marketing of agri-food products is of particular importance for the development and enhancement of competitiveness of the sector. The paper aims to provide an analysis of the main post-investment measures subsidized during the period 2010 –2019. The research methods used for this purpose is the analytical, comparative and descriptive, being focused on study and compilation of reports of the Agency of Intervention and Payments in Agriculture. The use of these methods allowed to develop an analysis on the recent trends in public support in relation to post-investment subsidies and provide a series of recommendations.
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    Analysis of competitiveness of the external trade with agri-food products of the Republic of Moldova
    (Artifex, 2021) Lucasenco, Eugenia
    The paper aims to analyse the current status of competitiveness of agri-food products of Moldovan origin in terms of foreign trade. Republic of Moldova has had a positive trade balance for agri-food products in the last 10 years, the main economic partners being countries from EU, CIS and some from the other states. Nevertheless, it is becoming increasingly important to assess which Moldovan agri-food products have a potential competitive degree on external markets, thus making the necessary sectoral recommendations. For the analysis of competitiveness of external trade with agri-food products, the following methodological indexes have been used: Revealed Comparative Advantage, Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage, Open Trade Index, Trade Specialization Index and Grubel-Lloyd index. Based on the analysis, agri-food commodities with a significant competitive advantage have been identified, like oil seeds, edible fruits and nuts, beverages and spirits, cereals and preparations of vegetables and fruits, thus indicating on the competitive potential in foreign trade.
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    Development of the food sector in the Republic of Moldova
    (Transilvania University Press, 2015) Stratan, Alexandru; Moroz, Victor; Ignat, Anatolie; Lucasenco, Eugenia
    The food sector of the Republic of Moldova has undergone significant changesin the past decades. Food processing companies and large scale collective and state farmshave been privatized, markets were liberalized, and economies have been integrated intothe global food systems. As a result of liberalization and privatization processes, the state-controlled vertical integration in the agri-food industry had collapse.Latter on, private vertical coordination systems have emerged and started to grow rapidlyas a response to consumer demand for food quality and safety on the one hand and thefarms’ production constraints caused by factor market imperfection on the other. The maindrivers of the integration processes are private business operators and traders. However,the efficiency of the newly emerged food value chains is still low. This investigation wasbased on analysis of the official statistical data, qualitative and quantitative studies andother relevant publications. A significant part of analysis was done in the framework of theFP7 project “AGRICISTRADE”. In this paper the importance and the most recent changesof the food industry in the Republic of Moldova were demonstrated, the main impedimentswere analyzed and proposals to foster the food sector development were provided.
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    Evolution of the Dairy Sector of the Republic of Moldova: Latest Trends and Developments
    (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, 2019) Ignat, Anatolie; Lucasenco, Eugenia
    The paper aims to analyze the evolution of the dairy sector of the Republic of Moldova, by presenting the latest trends in the sector and a wide analysis of the sector since 1990. Research has been carried out based on statistical data provided by the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova and data accessed from UN Comtrade database. The main analyzed indicators refer to number of dairy cows, milk production, imports and exports of dairy products. Therefore, the number of milking cows has diminished by about 3.6 times between 1990 and 2017, milk production declined by 3.4 times from 1,503 to 443 thousand tons in the same period, while the productivity, after a period of decline in 1990-1995, has stabilized between 1996 and 2004 and has started to rise since 2005. At the same time, the balance of foreign trade in dairy products is deeply negative for all categories of dairy products. Conclusions of the paper present a difficult situation in the dairy sector, with potential prospects of recovery as a result of paying a special attention to this sector by the governmental institutions.
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    Diagnosis of the agri-food value chains in the Republic of Moldova
    (ICEADR, 2012) Stratan, Alexandru; Moroz, Victor; Lucasenco, Eugenia
    The main aim of the paper is to present the state of the agro-food value chain in the Republic of Moldova in conditions of incomplete information and uncertainty. In order to accomplish this general scope, the methodological approaches were adjusted to the available scarce data and existing research resources. Three important outputs are foreseen as a result of the investigation: description of the current situation of the components of agri-food value chains and interaction among them; the rapid analysis of the main dimensions of the chain; identification of constraints and development opportunities. Performance of the agro-food value chains in the Republic of Moldova is affected by high energy costs, unstable sources of inputs supply, restricted access to end-markets. It is also necessary to improve the investment climate in order to modernize the agri-food chains.
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    Evaluation of agricultural support in the Republic of Moldova
    (2016) Shik, Olga; Stratan, Alexandru; Ignat, Anatolie; Lucasenco, Eugenia
    This paper presents the outcome of the study conducted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in collaboration with the National Institute for Economic Research in the Republic of Moldova. The paper assesses the level and structure of government support to agriculture in Moldova by using a combination of formal quantitative, informal quantitative and qualitative analysis. Application of the PSE methodology by OECD provides a standardized quantitative method of measurement of support to agricultural sector. The methodology is based on comparing output producers’ prices (farm gate prices) with prices expected without policy interventions, e.g. market equilibrium or reference prices. Reference price must be selected in a way that best represents the opportunity costs of producing the commodity domestically. The effect of the public policy is measured by the difference between market and reference prices. If the difference between market and reference output prices is positive, policy causes benefits to producers, and if negative – policy leads to implicit taxation of the farmers. The paper suggests strategies and policy actions in order to increase efficiency of public support to agriculture with the focus on export growth.
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    Modernization of the Agricultural Sector in the Context of Sustainable Development in the Republic of Moldova.
    (University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest - Faculty of Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development, 2013) Stratan, Alexandru; Moroz, Victor; Lucasenco, Eugenia
    This paper focuses on the links between agricultural modernization and sustainable development, looking in particular at the impact of the structural changes over the rural livelihoods. In order to achieve this, there were used the following research methods such as: analysis of the economic indicators, methods of comparative analysis, assessment of the public policies’ impact on the rural development. The agricultural sector in the Republic of Moldova is based on extensive farming and is insufficiently adapted to market economy conditions. There is a growing understanding in the country that the rural economy is not confined to the agricultural sector, but embraces the broad spectrum of needs of all rural people including living standards, economic activities and natural resources. The situation is associated with the major risks related to the structural changes that may affect the countryside and the economy as a whole such as: a) migration and uncontrolled urbanization, b) lack of professional qualifications and adaptability of the population in the rural areas, c) inadequate use of the natural resources. Rural economy, employment issues, natural resource management and also goals and circumstances of the agricultural production have changed considerably. At the same time, academia and civil society are aware that the new paradigm of modernization must begin both with the agricultural technologies and the people. Its novelty is that in the combination of financial, economic and technological policies for agriculture, new components to be introduced, like policies aimed at improving human capital in agriculture and environmental protection. The paper contains conclusions and proposals on modernization of agriculture and diversification of non farm activities in rural areas.
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    Transformările structurale din spațiul rural în Republica Moldova
    (INCE, 2013) Moroz, Victor; Lucasenco, Eugenia
    Lucrarea scoate în evidenţă legăturile dintre transformările rurale şi mijloacele de existentă durabile, evidenţiind, în particular, impactul transformărilor structurale în economia naţională. Pentru a atinge acest scop, au fost utilizate un şir de metode de cercetare, cum ar fi: analiza indicatorilor economici, metode de analiza comparativa, evaluarea impactului politicilor publice asupra dezvoltării rurale. Sectorul agroalimentar din Republica Moldova se bazează pe agricultura extensiva şi nu este adaptat suficient la condiţiile economiei de piaţa. Se observă o conştientizare continuă în ţară precum că economia rurala nu se refera doar la sectorul agrar, dar cuprinde un spectru intreg al necesitatilor populatiei inclusive standardele de viata, activitatile economice si resursele naturale. Lucrarea contine concluzii si propuneri cu privire la diversificarea agriculturii si activitatilor non-agrare în zonele rurale.