Browsing by Author "Kurylo, Iryna"

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    Child and family support policy in Ukraine: implementation and challenges during the war
    (INCE, ASEM, 2024) Kurylo, Iryna; Aksyonova, Svitlana; Krimer, Borys
    The ongoing war in Ukraine negatively impacts the lives of families with children and complicates the implementation of policies to support them. This study examines the state and challenges of family and child support policy during wartime. Despite difficulties, most state benefits, privileges, and services for families with children in Ukraine continue to be provided, largely thanks to international assistance. Key tools of children and family support include the childbirth grant, the "Baby Package" program, the municipal nanny service, payments to families with three or more children, single parents, and families caring for a child with a disability. However, the unchanged amount of benefits over a long period, and consequently their significant decrease in real terms, the reduction in the list of families eligible for benefits, and the cancellation of some benefits (due to the war) lead to the decreased effectiveness of the policy. The war has also caused organizational challenges related to large-scale displacement of families, destruction of service centres and infrastructure in general, a reduction in the number of employees in service institutions, and difficulties in providing services due to lack of electricity, shelling, etc. It necessitates accelerating the digitalization of child and family support services to make the system more flexible. During wartime, the role of public organizations in supporting families has increased. Their assistance is targeted and takes into account the specific needs of territories (particularly front-line areas). However, the lack of coordination between NGOs, 50 irregular assistance, and insufficient scale of coverage for needs reduces the effectiveness of such family support.
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    Generative strategies in times of shocks: Ukraine's experience
    (INCE, 2023) Kurylo, Iryna; Aksyonova, Svitlana
    Russian full-scale invasion caused serious threats to generative activity in Ukraine. The concept of generative activity encompasses a set of actions and relationships aimed at childbearing and care about child/children, fulfilling the obligations of adults to contribute to the well-being of the younger generations through upbringing, teaching, socialization and also taking care of their safe environment. There are various strategies concerning childbearing in unsafe conditions of war in Ukraine, among them: postponing the birth of a child for better times, having a child to continue the family line, having a child after a previous postponement (due to fear of no having better chance later), having a child as a replacement for a lost child or pregnancy etc. From the beginning of the full-scale war, there was an increase in women's responsibility for the safety and upbringing of children, and an increase in the prevalence of "intensive motherhood" as generative strategy because many women lost direct support in raising and caring for children from men. The full-scale war forced many mothers to move abroad with children, others – to move with children to safer areas within Ukraine, many husbands/ fathers are protecting their motherland on the frontline, some woman and their children have already lost their husband/father during this war. From the start of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation until now, more than 1.6 thousand children in Ukraine have been left without parental care due to the death of their parents (one or both of them).
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    Impact of russian full-scale military invasion on vulnerable socio-demographic groups in Ukraine: problems, consequences and solutions
    (INCE, 2022) Kurylo, Iryna; Aksyonova, Svitlana
    The situation with vulnerable people attracted considerable attention of the government and society in Ukraine even in pre-war times. Important steps taken to improve this situation were destroyed first by the pandemic of COVID-19, and then by the war. The purpose of this study is to determine current problems of vulnerable socio-demographic groups in Ukraine that are caused by russian full-scale military invasion and to define the consequences and possible solutions. In the analysis we used the requests for help received by the Red Cross phone hot line, the feedback from volunteers and people who needed help, forums of volunteers and online publications. The work used comparisons, statistical methods and analysis of telephone interviews. It was found, that the most frequent and important was request for medicine. The large share of vulnerable populations was at risk of not receiving critical health care and medicine. Many elderly people suffered from regular bombings and absence of electricity, water and ood. It was a huge challenge to organize the evacuation of elderly people and particularly people with disabilities to relatively safe regions. The health and social support systems in Ukraine are facing exceptional challenges and pressure. The support of volunteers became extremely important. The further destiny of all people and predominantly vulnerable sociodemographic groups in Ukraine will largely depend on whether the whole world can unite to resist russian aggression.
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    Pensioners and persons with disabilities in Kyiv: gender composition and inequalities
    (2021) Kurylo, Iryna; Aksyonova, Svitlana
    The purpose of our study was to determine the features of gender and age composition of retirees, people with disabilities in Kyiv and evaluate the gender gap in pensions. To see gender differences we analyzed corresponding statistical indicators including using demographic and cartography methods. Some indicators were compared by gender and age, types of pensions and by districts of the city. Obtained results proved the significant gender gap in the majority types of pensions. The determining factors were also stated. Our analysis showed that despite of higher average pension size in Kyiv comparing with other cities, rather large share of pensioners receive pensions lower than actual subsistence level. The share of persons receiving too small pensions is much higher among women in all districts of Kyiv. We have identified need to improve methods to collect official statistical data about people with disabilities and their necessities. The issue of gender statistics on people with disabilities is especially critical. The paper focuses on changes in structure of people with disabilities by disability groups and gender characteristics of newly recognized persons with disabilities. A notable trend has been the increase in the share of women among newly recognized persons with disabilities over the last decade. We hope that our research will broaden the understanding of gender inequalities in the economic status of pensioners and situation of persons with disabilities in Ukraine on the local level.