Browsing by Author "Позняк, Алексеи"

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Миграционные процессы в Украине как фактор национальной безопасности
(INCE, 2022) Позняк, Алексеи
The paper is devoted to assessing the impact of migration trends on the national security of Ukraine. The history of the formation of the population of Ukraine, population migration trends on the eve of the large-scale invasion of Russian troops, including the features of external labor and educational migration, immigration to Ukraine, intrastate migration movements, the impact of various components of the migration movement on national security, have been studied. Particular attention is paid to the changes in the migration situation after February 24, 2022 and the challenges to the national security of the country in modern conditions. The relevance of the study is due to the presence of a number of threats to the national security of Ukraine in the context of an unfavorable migration situation in 2014-2021 and unprecedented, the largest since the Second World War, the scale of forced migrations in Ukraine, formed after a large-scale invasion. The purpose of the study is to identify migration threats to national security and develop recommendations for their mitigation. Methods of abstract-logical, systematic approach, expert assessments, method of complex use of information from various sources are used. The cyclic interdependence of migration processes and components of national security is revealed. In particular, it is shown that unfavorable migration trends cause an increase in negative processes affecting national security, which, in turn, enhances the negative trends in population migration. It is shown that the role of migration in ensuring national security, being significant even before the large-scale invasion of Russian troops, is sharply increasing in modern conditions. Recommendations for adjusting the migration policy in the conditions of war and post-war reconstruction of the country are proposed.
Оценка роли метрополисов в формировании межгосударственных миграционных потоков в Украине
(2021) Позняк, Алексеи
The article is devoted to the assessment of the contribution by cities, which are metropolises, to the formation of flows of external migration (both emigration and immigration) in Ukraine during the period of independence under conditions of limited initial data. The cities of Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odessa, Dnipro and Lviv (until 2014 – also Donetsk) are considered as metropolises of Ukraine. The relevance of the study is due to the significant role of the respective cities as the main centers of gravity for migrants from abroad, on the one hand, and important centers for the formation of departure of Ukrainian citizens for permanent residence in other countries. The purpose of the study is to identify the contribution of metropolitan cities to the formation of the migration situation in Ukraine and, in particular, to the dispersal of irregular migrants across the country. The methods are abstract-logical, systematic approach, expert assessments and also the method of complex use of information from various sources. The dynamics of external migration in Ukraine and the role of metropolises in emigration and immigration have been investigated. It is shown that metropolises make the main contribution to the development of external migration flows associated with a change in place of residence (the so-called "stationary" migration), moreover, in these processes the importance of such cities increases while, at the same time their role in the external labor migration remains relatively small. The estimation of the number and proportion of irregular migrants in Ukraine, concentrated in the metropolises, has been carried out.